diabetes elderly

BACKGROUND: Fungal infections, especially those caused have emerged as a significant medical concern over the past three decades, particularly among immunocompromised patients. However, recent studies have highlighted the increasing prevalence of fungal infections resembling yeast other than Candida , such as trichosporonosis, especially among immunosuppressed individuals worldwide. Trichosporon has been identified as a significant contributor to superficial and invasive infections. Invasive trichosporonosis, primarily affecting immunocompromised patients, poses a significant threat with high mortality rates...

Hemiballism/Hemichorea (HH) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder observed mostly after cerebrovascular diseases in elderly patients. Even though the improvement in symptoms would be maintained without treatment, in rare cases, lesioning or DBS (deep brain stimulation) surgery provide a chance on relieving the severe involuntary movements. HH is a more rarely reported entity as a diabetic complication and we encountered very few cases treated with surgical intervention for diabetic HH. A 75-year-old female patient with type-II diabetes mellitus was admitted for left-sided disabling involuntary movement despite being medically treated for six months...

INTRODUCTION: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a common complication associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases-2 • insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (TIMP-2•IGFBP7) determines tubular stress markers, which may occur prior to tubular damage. Previous studies on the use of TIMP-2•IGFBP7 for the prediction of CSA-AKI showed divergent results. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the predictive value of TIMP-2•IGFBP7 measurements for the early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI) and short-term adverse outcomes after cardiac surgery...

Age-related functional deterioration in skeletal muscle raises the risk for falls, disability, and mortality in the elderly, particularly in obese people or those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). However, the response of the skeletal muscle to transitioning from obesity to diabetes remains poorly defined, despite that obesity is classified as a stage of pre-diabetes. We screened and selected spontaneously obese and diabetic rhesus monkeys and examined altered protein expression in skeletal muscle of healthy aging (CON), obesity aging (OB), and type 2 diabetes mellitus aging (T2D) rhesus monkeys using Tandem Mass Tags (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic analysis...

BACKGROUND: There is evidence that sarcopenia and functionality are closely related. However, the association between geriatric syndromes, such as dependence, on instrumental activities and sarcopenia could be affected by the presence of certain comorbidities, such as overweight, obesity, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the association between instrumental activities of daily living and muscle mass in the elderly and evaluate the impact of certain comorbidities on this association...

A 75-year-old man with type 2 diabetes and a history of previous empyema surgery was admitted to our hospital due to difficulty moving caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and dehydration. During the first two days of hospitalization, intestinal myiasis was diagnosed after maggots were found in his diapers. After the maggots disappeared, he developed a fever, prompting antibiotic therapy for a suspected secondary infection, resulting in clinical improvement. Despite thorough home cleaning, no flies or maggots were found, and the source of infection and the fly species remained unknown...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between the dissatisfaction of family caregivers with diabetes treatment and depressive symptoms among the elderly. METHODS: The subjects were diabetic patients of 65 years of age or older and their family caregivers, who were outpatients at Ise Red Cross Hospital. The Japanese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire 9, which consists of nine items, was used to measure depressive symptoms. The Japanese version of the Treatment Satisfaction Scale for Caregivers of Dependent Diabetic Patients (STCD2 -J) was used to measure the satisfaction of family caregivers with diabetes treatment...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The elderly are prone to fragility fractures, especially those suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with osteoporosis. Although studies have confirmed the association between GNRI and the prevalence of osteoporosis, the relationship between GNRI and fragility fracture risk and the individualized 10-year probability of osteoporotic fragility fractures estimated by FRAX remains unclear. This study aims to delve into the association between the GNRI and a fragility fracture and the 10-year probability of hip fracture (HF) and major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) evaluated by FRAX in elderly with T2DM...

BACKGROUND: Metabolic unhealth (MUH) is closely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Life's Essential 8 (LE8), a recently updated cardiovascular health (CVH) assessment, has some overlapping indicators with MUH but is more comprehensive and complicated than MUH. Given the close relationship between them, it is important to compare these two measurements. METHODS: This population-based cross-sectional survey included 20- to 80-year-old individuals from 7 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles between 2005 and 2018...

BACKGROUND: Individuals with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, which in turn are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population. A peculiar feature of cardiovascular diseases in this population is that they can have significant cardiac disease while remaining asymptomatic. There is a paucity of data regarding subclinical cardiac imaging features among diabetic adults in Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to compare the magnitude and spectrum of left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction among asymptomatic type 2 diabetic adults versus a normotensive, non-diabetic control group and to evaluate the determinants of left ventricular diastolic and systolic dysfunction...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Whether maintaining optimal remnant cholesterol (RC) levels later in life may improve metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) outcomes remained ambiguous. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between RC and MASLD in the elderly Chinese population. METHODS: A total of 131,868 subjects aged ≥ 65 years were included in this study. The association of RC with MASLD, and severity of MASLD was analyzed by logistic regression...

BACKGROUND: Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent and increase risks of various morbidities. However, the extent to which depressive symptoms could account for incidence of these chronic conditions, in particular multimorbidity patterns, remains to be examined and quantified. METHODS: For this cohort analysis, we included 9024-14,093 participants aged 45 years and older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the longitudinal associations between depressive symptoms and 13 common chronic diseases and 4 multimorbidity patterns...

BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk irrespective of other risk factors. However, large-scale cardiovascular sex and race differences are poorly understood. AIM: To investigate the relationship between NAFLD and major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in subgroups using a nationally representative United States inpatient sample. METHODS: We examined National Inpatient Sample (2019) to identify adult hospitalizations with NAFLD by age, sex, and race using ICD-10-CM codes...

INTRODUCTION: Fatigue is a common yet not frequently explored complication of diabetes. There are fewer studies available on the impact of diabetes on the severity of fatigue and the functional status of patients. METHODS: Fifty individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were included. The individuals were divided into two groups: group A (diabetic elderly individuals) and group B (nondiabetic age and gender-matched individuals). An observational analytical study was conducted...

With the deepening of aging in China, the prevalence of diabetes in older people has increased noticeably, and standardized diabetes management is critical for improving clinical outcomes of diabetes in older people. In 2021, the National Center of Gerontology, Chinese Society of Geriatrics, and Diabetes Professional Committee of Chinese Aging Well Association organized experts to write the first guideline for diabetes diagnosis and treatment in older people in China, the Guideline for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly in China (2021 Edition) ...

BACKGROUND: Pharmacologic therapies, risk factor control, and lifestyle alterations were independently proven to reduce long-term cardiovascular events. However, comprehensive research examining the extent to which individuals aged 75 and above in the United States adhere to national guidelines for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease is limited. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to examine the current state of secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in persons 75 years of age and older in the United States and to examine the factors that contribute to inadequate drug utilization and poor control of numerous risk factors...

Prediabetes increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, chronic renal disease, and cardiovascular disease in a person. In current practice, five alternative definitions of prediabetes are utilized, each based on different HbA1C, fasting glucose, and 2-hour glucose cut points. Prediabetes is a common condition that occurs between normal glycemia and diabetes. It is more common in elderly and obese people. The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes can be influenced by a variety of individual, family, and societal variables...

BACKGROUND: The metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) has emerged as a noninsulin-based index for the approximation of IR, yet longitudinal evidence supporting the utility of METS-IR in primary prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains limited. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the longitudinal association between METS-IR, which combines fasting plasma glucose (FPG), lipid profiles and anthropometrics that can be routinely obtained in resource-limited primary care settings, and incidence of new-onset T2DM...

The immune system substantially influences age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression, affected by genetic and environmental factors. In a Mayo Clinic Study of Aging cohort, we examined how risk factors like APOE genotype, age, and sex affect inflammatory molecules and AD biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Among cognitively unimpaired individuals over 65 ( N = 298), we measured 365 CSF inflammatory molecules, finding age, sex, and diabetes status predominantly influencing their levels...

The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a non-invasive parameter reflecting vascular stiffness. CAVI correlates with the burden of atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events. Mitochondria of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have been identified as a non-invasive source for assessing systemic mitochondrial bioenergetics. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CAVI values and mitochondrial bioenergetics of PBMCs in the elderly population. This cross-sectional study enrolled participants from the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) between 2017 and 2018...