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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelly L Gorres, David M Reineke, George Miller
Herpesviruses have two distinct life cycle stages, latency and lytic replication. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a gamma-herpesvirus, establishes latency in vivo and in cultured cells. Cell lines harboring latent EBV can be induced into the lytic cycle by treatment with chemical inducing agents. In the Burkitt lymphoma cell line HH514-16 the viral lytic cycle is triggered by butyrate, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. Butyrate also alters expression of thousands of cellular genes. However, valproic acid (VPA), another HDAC inhibitor with global effects on cellular gene expression blocks EBV lytic gene expression in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines...
2024: PloS One
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Klára Bezděčková, Pavel Bezděčka, Pavel Fibich, Petr Klimeš
How the resource use by consumers vary in different environments and time scales is one of the fundamental ecological questions. Replicated field studies are rare, however; so the extent to which nutrient use varies and why is uncertain. We studied an endangered tyrphobiotic species, the black bog ant (Formica picea), and its feeding preferences in temperate peatlands. We conducted a baiting experiment at three different sites with high nest densities, repeated over three years and three periods of growing season...
April 18, 2024: Oecologia
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shijun Gao, Peyton N Oden, Benjamin J Ryan, Haozhe Yang, Bret D Freudenthal, Marc M Greenberg
N6-(2-deoxy-α,β-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamido-pyrimidine (Fapy•dG) is formed from a common intermediate and in comparable amounts to the well-studied mutagenic DNA lesion 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OxodGuo). Fapy•dG preferentially gives rise to G → T transversions and G → A transitions. However, the molecular basis by which Fapy•dG is processed by DNA polymerases during this mutagenic process remains poorly understood. To address this we investigated how DNA polymerase β (Pol β), a model mammalian polymerase, bypasses a templating Fapy•dG, inserts Fapy•dGTP, and extends from Fapy•dG at the primer terminus...
April 18, 2024: Nucleic Acids Research
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pascual Sánchez-Juan, Elizabeth Valeriano-Lorenzo, Alicia Ruiz-González, Ana Belén Pastor, Hector Rodrigo Lara, Francisco López-González, María Ascensión Zea-Sevilla, Meritxell Valentí, Belen Frades, Paloma Ruiz, Laura Saiz, Iván Burgueño-García, Miguel Calero, Teodoro Del Ser, Alberto Rábano
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a proxy of astrocyte reactivity, has been proposed as biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. However, there is limited information about the correlation between blood biomarkers and post-mortem neuropathology. In a single-centre prospective clinicopathological cohort of 139 dementia patients, for which the time-frame between GFAP level determination and neuropathological assessment was exceptionally short (on average 139 days), we analysed this biomarker, measured at three time points, in relation to proxies of disease progression such as cognitive decline and brain weight...
April 18, 2024: Brain
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John M Felt, Ulziimaa Chimed-Ochir, Kenneth A Shores, Anneke E Olson, Yanling Li, Zachary F Fisher, Nilam Ram, Chad E Shenk
BACKGROUND: When unaddressed, contamination in child maltreatment research, in which some proportion of children recruited for a nonmaltreated comparison group are exposed to maltreatment, downwardly biases the significance and magnitude of effect size estimates. This study extends previous contamination research by investigating how a dual-measurement strategy of detecting and controlling contamination impacts causal effect size estimates of child behavior problems. METHODS: This study included 634 children from the LONGSCAN study with 63 cases of confirmed child maltreatment after age 8 and 571 cases without confirmed child maltreatment...
April 18, 2024: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew Keith Wills, Elisabet Rudjord Hillesund, Wendy Van Lippevelde, Mary Barker, Frøydis Nordgård Vik, Nina Cecilie Øverby
Our aim was to estimate associations of adolescent dietary patterns and meal habits with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and preterm birth. We used data from a prospective cohort study (Norwegian Young-HUNT1) where dietary information was collected during adolescence and pregnancy outcomes were obtained through record linkage to the Norwegian national birth registry. The outcomes were HDP, hypertension, preeclampsia/ eclampsia, and preterm birth in the first pregnancy and in any pregnancy. Diet was self-reported from validated questionnaires and exposures were dietary indexes (healthy; unhealthy; fruit and vegetable; fibre index) and meal habits...
April 18, 2024: British Journal of Nutrition
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miao Zhu, Zewen Chu, Xiaojun Dai, Fan Pan, Yuanyuan Luo, Xingyi Feng, Yaqi Hu, Haibo Wang, Yanqing Liu
The lymphoma incidence rate is on the rise, with invasive forms particularly prone to relapse following conventional treatment, posing a significant threat to human life and wellbeing. Numerous studies have shown that traditional Chinese botanical drug medicine offers promising therapeutic benefits for various malignancies, with previous experimental findings indicating that Celastrus orbiculatus extract effectively combats digestive tract tumors. However, its impact on lymphoma remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the impact and underlying mechanisms of COE on the proliferation and apoptosis of Burkitt lymphoma cells...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Prerak Mody, Merle Huiskes, Nicolas F Chaves-de-Plaza, Alice Onderwater, Rense Lamsma, Klaus Hildebrandt, Nienke Hoekstra, Eleftheria Astreinidou, Marius Staring, Frank Dankers
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Retrospective dose evaluation for organ-at-risk auto-contours has previously used small cohorts due to additional manual effort required for treatment planning on auto-contours. We aimed to do this at large scale, by a) proposing and assessing an automated plan optimization workflow that used existing clinical plan parameters and b) using it for head-and-neck auto-contour dose evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our automated workflow emulated our clinic's treatment planning protocol and reused existing clinical plan optimization parameters...
April 2024: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Briony Shaw, Eliza Chung, Cameron Wellard, Edward Yoo, Rory Bennett, Callum Birks, Anna Johnston, Chan Y Cheah, Nada Hamad, Jock Simpson, Allison Barraclough, Matthew Ku, Nicholas Viiala, Sumita Ratnasingam, Tasman Armytage, Tara Cochrane, Geoffrey Chong, Denise Lee, Kate Manos, Colm Keane, Stephanie Wallwork, Stephen Opat, Eliza A Hawkes
Polatuzumab vedotin (Pola) is an approved therapy in combination with rituximab and bendamustine for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (RR-DLBCL) based on positive results of the landmark phase II randomised G029365 trial. However, trial results for many approved novel therapies in RR-DLBCL have not been replicated in routine care cohorts, as RR-DLBCL patient populations are heterogeneous and trial eligibility is increasingly restrictive. We evaluated outcomes from pola ± bendamustine and rituximab in patients with RR-DLBCL enrolled in a compassionate access program with no alternative treatment options identified via the Australasian Lymphoma and Related Diseases Registry according to their eligibility for the original phase II published study...
April 2024: EJHaem
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sabah Jaroof, Johann Cailhol
BACKGROUND: This article is a continuation of the Musafir study published in 2020. Following the results of this study, we designed an educational website with Urdu-speaking volunteers, using a participatory approach. This type of approach aimed at bringing out situated knowledge around taboo/sensitive topics such as sexual and mental health, by considering the cultural, religious, economic, family, and social background of young Urdu-speaking men. This approach allowed us to build culturally-appropriate content matching the needs of targeted population...
April 17, 2024: BMC Public Health
#11
REVIEW
Cecilia A Hinojosa, Grace C George, Ziv Ben-Zion
Almost three decades have passed since the first posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) neuroimaging study was published. Since then, the field of clinical neuroscience has made advancements in understanding the neural correlates of PTSD to create more efficacious treatment strategies. While gold-standard psychotherapy options are available, many patients do not respond to them, prematurely drop out, or never initiate treatment. Therefore, elucidating the neurobiological mechanisms that define the disorder can help guide clinician decision-making and develop individualized mechanisms-based treatment options...
April 17, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuka Ishida, Mami Matsushita, Takeshi Yoneshiro, Masayuki Saito, Sayuri Fuse, Takafumi Hamaoka, Miyuki Kuroiwa, Riki Tanaka, Yuko Kurosawa, Takayuki Nishimura, Midori Motoi, Takafumi Maeda, Kazuhiro Nakayama
BACKGROUND: Sympathetic activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis can ameliorate obesity and related metabolic abnormalities. However, crucial subtypes of the β-adrenergic receptor (AR), as well as effects of its genetic variants on functions of BAT, remains unclear in humans. We conducted association analyses of genes encoding β-ARs and BAT activity in human adults. METHODS: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in β1-, β2-, and β3-AR genes (ADRB1, ADRB2, and ADRB3) were tested for the association with BAT activity under mild cold exposure (19 °C, 2 h) in 399 healthy Japanese adults...
April 17, 2024: International Journal of Obesity
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefanie Imminger, Dimitri V Meier, Arno Schintlmeister, Anton Legin, Jörg Schnecker, Andreas Richter, Osnat Gillor, Stephanie A Eichorst, Dagmar Woebken
Microbial activity in drylands tends to be confined to rare and short periods of rain. Rapid growth should be key to the maintenance of ecosystem processes in such narrow activity windows, if desiccation and rehydration cause widespread cell death due to osmotic stress. Here, simulating rain with 2 H2 O followed by single-cell NanoSIMS, we show that biocrust microbial communities in the Negev Desert are characterized by limited productivity, with median replication times of 6 to 19 days and restricted number of days allowing growth...
April 17, 2024: Nature Communications
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brystana G Kaufman, S Nicole Hastings, Cassie Meyer, Karen M Stechuchak, Ashley Choate, Kasey Decosimo, Caitlin Sullivan, Virginia Wang, Kelli D Allen, Courtney H Van Houtven
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a business case analysis for Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) program STRIDE (ASsisTed EaRly MobIlization for hospitalizeD older VEterans), which was designed to address immobility for hospitalized older adults. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SETTING: This was a secondary analysis of primary data from a VA 8-hospital implementation trial conducted by the Function and Independence Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI). In partnership with VA operational partners, we estimated resources needed for program delivery in and out of the VA as well as national implementation facilitation in the VA...
April 17, 2024: Health Services Research
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicola J Wyatt, Hannah Watson, Carl A Anderson, Nicholas A Kennedy, Tim Raine, Tariq Ahmad, Dean Allerton, Michelle Bardgett, Emma Clark, Dawn Clewes, Cristina Cotobal Martin, Mary Doona, Jennifer A Doyle, Katherine Frith, Helen C Hancock, Ailsa L Hart, Victoria Hildreth, Peter M Irving, Sameena Iqbal, Ciara Kennedy, Andrew King, Sarah Lawrence, Charlie W Lees, Robert Lees, Laura Letchford, Trevor Liddle, James O Lindsay, Rebecca H Maier, John C Mansfield, Julian R Marchesi, Naomi McGregor, Rebecca E McIntyre, Jasmin Ostermayer, Tolulope Osunnuyi, Nick Powell, Natalie J Prescott, Jack Satsangi, Shriya Sharma, Tara Shrestha, Ally Speight, Michelle Strickland, James Ms Wason, Kevin Whelan, Ruth Wood, Gregory R Young, Xinyue Zhang, Miles Parkes, Christopher J Stewart, Luke Jostins-Dean, Christopher A Lamb
INTRODUCTION: Characterised by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms including diarrhoea, abdominal pain and fatigue can significantly impact patient's quality of life. Therapeutic developments in the last 20 years have revolutionised treatment. However, clinical trials and real-world data show primary non-response rates up to 40%. A significant challenge is an inability to predict which treatment will benefit individual patients...
April 17, 2024: BMJ Open
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lin Lin, Elena Dacal, Nuria Díez, Claudia Carmona, Alexandra Martin Ramirez, Lourdes Barón Argos, David Bermejo-Peláez, Carla Caballero, Daniel Cuadrado, Oscar Darias-Plasencia, Jaime García-Villena, Alexander Bakarjiev, Maria Postigo, Ethan Recalde-Jaramillo, Maria Flores-Chavez, Andrés Santos, María Jesús Ledesma-Carbayo, José M Rubio, Miguel Luengo-Oroz
Filariasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by roundworms, is a significant public health concern in many tropical countries. Microscopic examination of blood samples can detect and differentiate parasite species, but it is time consuming and requires expert microscopists, a resource that is not always available. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) can assist in the diagnosis of this disease by automatically detecting and differentiating microfilariae. In line with the target product profile for lymphatic filariasis as defined by the World Health Organization, we developed an edge AI system running on a smartphone whose camera is aligned with the ocular of an optical microscope that detects and differentiates filarias species in real time without the internet connection...
April 17, 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juliette Bougon, Eileigh Kadijk, Lucie Gallot-Lavallee, Bruce A Curtis, Matthew Landers, John M Archibald, Denys A Khaperskyy
Many viruses inhibit general host gene expression to limit innate immune responses and gain preferential access to the cellular translational apparatus for their protein synthesis. This process is known as host shutoff. Influenza A viruses (IAVs) encode two host shutoff proteins: nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) and polymerase acidic X (PA-X). NS1 inhibits host nuclear pre-messenger RNA maturation and export, and PA-X is an endoribonuclease that preferentially cleaves host spliced nuclear and cytoplasmic messenger RNAs...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Virology
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Performance of ginger constituents against SARS-CoV-2 virus: A therapeutic and theoretical approach.
Mustafa M Kadhim, Anees A Khadom, Jawad Kadhim Abaies, Wesam R Kadhum, Safa K Hachim
In the present research, ginger extracted compounds, namely; Gingerol {(1-[4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-3-decanone} (1), Zingerone {(4-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone)} (2), and Shogoals {(E)-1-(4-Hydroxy-3- methoxyphenyl) dec-4-en-3-one)} (3) have been investigated as SARS-Cov-2 inhibitors. The interaction of extracted compounds with the virus's spikes may restrict the virus's reproduction or give time to the body's immune system to detect viruses, consequently producing appropriate antibodies...
May 2024: Parasite Epidemiology and Control
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ding Ma, Xiaohui Zhang, Qi Fu, Shan Qing, Hua Wang
Shockwave-induced changes in nanobubbles cause cavitation erosion and membrane damage but can also be applied to biocarrier transport. Currently, research focuses on single nanobubbles; however, in reality, nanobubbles usually appear as a multibubble system. Therefore, this study proposes a method based on cutting and replicating to construct a multibubble model. This method can be widely applied to molecular dynamics (MD) models and enhance the customization capabilities of MD models. The dynamic behavior of a multinanobubble system with different numbers and arrangements of nanobubbles is investigated with the MD method under the influence of shock waves in a liquid argon system...
April 17, 2024: Langmuir: the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janika Becker, Christoph W Korn, Helen Blank
Inspired by recent findings in the visual domain, we investigated whether the stimulus-evoked pupil dilation reflects temporal statistical regularities in sequences of auditory stimuli. We conducted two preregistered pupillometry experiments (experiment 1, n = 30, 21 females; experiment 2, n = 31, 22 females). In both experiments, human participants listened to sequences of spoken vowels in two conditions. In the first condition, the stimuli were presented in a random order and, in the second condition, the same stimuli were presented in a sequence structured in pairs...
April 16, 2024: Scientific Reports
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