keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37418024/validated-method-for-polystyrene-nanoplastic-separation-in-aqueous-matrices-by-asymmetric-flow-field-flow-fraction-coupled-to-mals-and-uv-vis-detectors
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iris H Valido, Victor Fuentes-Cebrian, Alba Hernández, Manuel Valiente, Montserrat López-Mesas
Plastics with nanosize (nanoplastics, NPLs) must be characterized, since they can be toxic or act as carriers of organic and inorganic pollutants, but there is a lack of reference materials and validated methods in the nanosize range. Therefore, this study has focused on the development and validation of a separation and size characterization methodology of polystyrene latex nanospheres, by using an asymmetric-flow field flow fraction system coupled to multi-angle light scattering and ultraviolet-visible detectors (AF4-MALS-UV)...
July 7, 2023: Mikrochimica Acta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37395070/dual-functionality-of-ferrocene-based-metallopolymers-as-radical-scavengers-and-nanoparticle-stabilizing-agents
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nizar B Alsharif, Tibor Gergo Halmágyi, Mark A Hempenius, G Julius Vancso, Corinne Nardin, Istvan Szilagyi
The beneficial redox properties of ferrocene-based polymers have been utilized during in situ preparation of metallic nanoparticles, while such redox features also indicate a great promise in applications as free radical scavengers. Here, colloidal dispersions of an antioxidant nanozyme composed of amidine-functionalized polystyrene latex (AL) nanoparticles, negatively charged poly(ferrocenylsilane) (PFS(-)) organometallic polyions, and ascorbic acid (AA) were formulated. The AL was first functionalized with PFS(-)...
July 3, 2023: Nanoscale
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37219290/optical-field-induced-surface-nanobumps-in-near-infrared-laser-direct-cleaning-of-nanoparticles-on-silicon
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuowen Zhang, Ling Wu, Jiyong Tang, Volodymyr S Kovalenko, Lisha Fan, Jianhua Yao
The evolution of surface damage in laser direct cleaning (LDC) of nanoparticulate contamination on silicon (Si) was theoretically and experimentally investigated. Nanobumps with a volcano-like shape were found in near-infrared laser cleaning of polystyrene latex nanoparticles on Si wafers. According to the finite-difference time-domain simulation and the high-resolution surface characterization, unusual particle-induced optical field enhancement in the vicinity of the interface between Si and nanoparticles is mainly responsible for the generation of volcano-like nanobumps...
November 1, 2022: Optics Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37204744/laboratory-testing-for-von-willebrand-factor-activity-by-a-glycoprotein-ib-binding-assay-vwf-gpibr-hemosil-von-willebrand-factor-ristocetin-cofactor-activity-on-acl-top-%C3%A2
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Omid Seidizadeh, Flora Peyvandi
von Willebrand disease (VWD) is a lifelong and common inherited bleeding disorder caused by a quantitative deficiency and/or qualitative defect of von Willebrand factor (VWF). In order to establish the correct diagnosis of VWD, various tests must be conducted, including evaluation of factor VIII activity (FVIII:C), VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), and VWF functional activity. The platelet-dependent VWF activity is measured in different ways, with the historical ristocetin cofactor assay (VWF:RCo) using platelet aggregometry now replaced with newer assays that offer better precision, lower limits of detection, low coefficient of variation, and are fully automated...
2023: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37177240/the-stability-and-properties-of-polystyrene-kaolinite-nanocomposites-during-synthesis-via-emulsion-polymerization
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
José Costa de Macêdo Neto, Bruno Mello de Freitas, Adalberto Gomes de Miranda, Reinaldo de Almeida Rodrigues, Gilberto Garcia Del Pino, Antônio Claudio Kieling, Marcos Dantas Dos Santos, Sergio Duvoisin Junior, Antônio Estanislau Sanches, Israel Gondres Torné, Cláudia Cândida Silva, João Carlos Martins da Costa, Roger Hoel Bello
The aim of this work was to study the stability and morphological properties of polystyrene latex containing kaolinite as a filler during the process of synthesis of nanocomposites viaemulsion polymerization. Nanocomposites with 1, 3, and 5 wt% of kaolinite were prepared. Latexes with 1 to 3 wt% of kaolinite were stable during the polymerization reaction. Hydrodynamic diameters of 93.68 and 82.11 nm were found for latexes with 1 and 3 wt% of kaolinite, respectively. The quantities of 1 to 3 wt% of kaolinite added during the reaction did not influence the reaction conversion curves or the number of particles...
April 28, 2023: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36802531/electrochemically-initiated-raft-synthesis-of-low-dispersity-multiblock-copolymers-by-seeded-emulsion-polymerization
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Glenn K K Clothier, Thiago R Guimarães, Lisa T Strover, Per B Zetterlund, Graeme Moad
We describe electrochemically initiated emulsion polymerization with reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (eRAFT) to form well-defined multiblock copolymers with low molar mass dispersity. We demonstrate the utility of our emulsion eRAFT process with the synthesis of low dispersity multiblock copolymers by seeded RAFT emulsion polymerization at ambient temperature (∼30 °C). Thus, a triblock, poly(butyl methacrylate)- block -polystyrene- block -poly(4-methylstyrene) [PBMA- b -PSt- b -PMS], and a tetrablock, poly(butyl methacrylate)- block -polystyrene- block -poly(styrene- stat -butyl acrylate)- block -polystyrene [PBMA- b -PSt- b -P(BA- stat -St)- b -PSt], were synthesized as free-flowing, colloidally stable latexes commencing with a surfactant-free poly(butyl methacrylate) macroRAFT agent seed latex...
February 20, 2023: ACS Macro Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36780852/effects-of-ionic-valence-on-aggregation-kinetics-of-colloidal-particles-with-and-without-a-mixing-flow
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiahui Gao, Takuya Sugimoto, Motoyoshi Kobayashi
HYPOTHESIS: The classical Schulze-Hardy rule states that the critical coagulation concentration (CCC) of colloidal particles is inversely proportional to the counter-ionic valence at powers ranging from 2 to 6. However, the inverse Schulze-Hardy rule has recently been proposed, suggesting that the CCC can also be inversely proportional to the co-ionic valence. Previous studies on these rules did not consider the effect of flow on aggregation kinetics and the CCC. This study aims to investigate the effect of multivalent counter-ions and co-ions on aggregation kinetics and the CCCs in systems with and without a mixing flow...
February 6, 2023: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36605894/facile-fabrication-of-polystyrene-particles-graphene-composites-for-improved-dielectric-and-thermal-properties
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Deng, Guoan Li, Wanyu Li, Meng Yang, Weiwei Cui
In this paper, polystyrene (PS)-based reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites were prepared by mixing PS latex particles with graphene oxide (GO) and the following in-situ reduction. The structure and morphology of PS/rGO composites were characterized, and the effects of rGO content on the dielectric properties as well as thermal stability of PS/rGO composites were investigated. Results showed that rGO sheets armoured on the surface of PS particles and exhibited well dispersion in the PS matrix after hot compression...
2023: Designed Monomers and Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36580910/water-content-in-nanoparticles-determined-by-small-angle-neutron-scattering-and-light-scattering
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Behrad Kangarlou, Donyeil Hoy, Haden L Scott, Sai Venkatesh Pingali, Nora Khalil, Benjamin Chung, John Katsaras, Mu-Ping Nieh
The amount of water in therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) is of great importance to the pharmaceutical industry, as water content reflects the volume occupied by the solid components. For example, certain biomolecules, such as mRNA, can undergo conformational change or degradation when exposed to water. Using static light scattering (SLS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), we estimated the water content of NPs, including extruded liposomes of two different sizes and polystyrene (PS) Latex NPs. In addition, we used small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to independently access the water content of the samples...
December 29, 2022: Langmuir: the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36555596/red-emitting-latex-nanoparticles-by-stepwise-entrapment-of-%C3%AE-diketonate-europium-complexes
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hwan-Woo Park, Daewon Han, Jong-Pil Ahn, Se-Hoon Kim, Yoon-Joong Kang, Young Gil Jeong, Do Kyung Kim
The core-shell structure of poly(St- co -MAA) nanoparticles containing β-diketonate Eu3+ complexes were synthesized by a step-wise process. The β-diketonate Eu3+ complexes of Eu (TFTB)2 (MAA)P(Oct)3 [europium (III); 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(2-thienyl)-1,3-butanedione = TFTB; trioctylphosphine = (P(Oct)3 ); methacrylic acid = MAA] were incorporated to poly(St- co -MAA). The poly(St- co -MAA) has highly monodispersed with a size of 300 nm, and surface charges of the poly(St-co-MAA) are near to neutral. The narrow particle size distribution was due to the constant ionic strength of the polymerization medium...
December 15, 2022: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36504702/development-and-performance-evaluation-of-a-two-stage-cascade-impactor-equipped-with-gelatin-filter-substrates-for-the-collection-of-multi-sized-particulate-matter
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Aldekheel, Vahid Jalali Farahani, Ramin Tohidi, Abdulmalik Altuwayjiri, Constantinos Sioutas
This study presents the development and evaluation of a high flow rate gelatin cascade impactor (GCI) to collect different PM particle sizes on water-soluble gelatin substrates. The GCI operates at a flow rate of 100 lpm, and consists of two impaction stages, followed by a filter holder to separate particles in the following diameter ranges: >2.5 μm, 0.2-2.5 μm, and <0.2 μm. Laboratory characterization of the GCI performance was conducted using monodisperse polystyrene latex (PSL) particles as well as polydisperse ammonium sulfate, sodium chloride, and ammonium nitrate aerosols to obtain the particle collection efficiency curves for both impaction stages...
February 1, 2023: Atmospheric Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36477095/particle-filtration-efficiency-measured-using-sodium-chloride-and-polystyrene-latex-sphere-test-methods
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Timothy A Sipkens, Joel C Corbin, Andrew Oldershaw, Gregory J Smallwood
Standards governing face masks differ in the test methods used to determine sub-micron particle filtration efficiency (PFE), such that the meaning of PFE is not universal. Unifying the meaning of PFE requires data using these different test methods to drive improvements in standards. This simple data set provides the equivalence between two major test methods used to assess PFE: (1) a test method using a neutralized, polydisperse sodium chloride (NaCl) and (2) a test method using an unneutralized, "monodisperse" polystyrene latex sphere (PSL) aerosols...
December 7, 2022: Scientific Data
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36416087/understanding-the-in-silico-aspects-of-bacterial-catabolic-cascade-for-styrene-degradation
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vishalakshi Bhanot, Snigdha Pali, Jitendra Panwar
Styrene is a non-polar organic compound used in very high-volume for the industrial scale production of commercially important polymers such as polystyrene (PS) resins as well as copolymers like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), latex, and rubber. These resins are widely used in manufacturing of various products including single use plastics such as disposable cups and containers, protective packaging, heat insulation etc. The large-scale utilization leads to the over-accumulation of styrene waste in the environment causing deleterious health risks including cancer, neurological impairment, dysbiosis of central nervous system and respiratory problems...
November 23, 2022: Proteins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36406238/aerosol-capture-and-coronavirus-spike-protein-deactivation-by-enzyme-functionalized-antiviral-membranes
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rollie Mills, Ronald J Vogler, Matthew Bernard, Jacob Concolino, Louis B Hersh, Yinan Wei, Jeffrey Todd Hastings, Thomas Dziubla, Kevin C Baldridge, Dibakar Bhattacharyya
The airborne nature of coronavirus transmission makes it critical to develop new barrier technologies that can simultaneously reduce aerosol and viral spread. Here, we report nanostructured membranes with tunable thickness and porosity for filtering coronavirus-sized aerosols, combined with antiviral enzyme functionalization that can denature spike glycoproteins of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in low-hydration environments. Thin, asymmetric membranes with subtilisin enzyme and methacrylic functionalization show more than 98...
2022: Communications materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36288174/the-use-of-peptides-in-veterinary-serodiagnosis-of-infectious-diseases-a-review
#35
REVIEW
Saúl Aguilar-Montes de Oca, Roberto Montes-de-Oca-Jiménez, Juan Carlos Vázquez-Chagoyán, Alberto Barbabosa-Pliego, Pilar Eliana Rivadeneira-Barreiro, Pablo C Zambrano-Rodríguez
Peptides constitute an alternative and interesting option to develop treatments, vaccines, and diagnostic tools as they demonstrate their scope in several health aspects; as proof of this, commercial peptides for humans and animals are available on the market and used daily. This review aimed to know the role of peptides in the field of veterinary diagnosis, and include peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (pELISA), lateral flow devices, and peptide latex agglutination tests that have been developed to detect several pathogens including viruses and bacteria of health and production relevance in domestic animals...
October 12, 2022: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36279914/evaluation-of-shields-and-ventilation-as-a-countermeasure-to-protect-bus-drivers-from-infection
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naohide Shinohara, Masayuki Ogata, Hoon Kim, Naoki Kagi, Koichi Tatsu, Fuminori Inui, Wataru Naito
We evaluated the deposition of droplets and droplet nuclei-generated by simulated coughing and talking from three points in a bus-on the driver's face and on surfaces around the driver (e.g., the steering wheel), based on whether countermeasures were taken, and assuming that an infected passenger was talking to the driver. When a shield, such as acrylic boards or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheets, was used as the countermeasure, the deposition of artificial droplets (>4 μm), emitted from beside or behind the driver, on his eyes, mouth, and cheeks reduced by two to three orders of magnitude or more...
October 21, 2022: Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36237087/focus-engineered-sub-diffraction-imaging-in-infrared-sensitive-third-order-sum-frequency-generation-microscope
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jyothsna Konkada Manattayil, Lal Krishna A S, Rabindra Biswas, Hyunmin Kim, Varun Raghunathan
We experimentally demonstrate sub-diffraction imaging in infrared-sensitive third-order sum frequency generation (TSFG) microscope using focal-field engineering technique. The TSFG interaction studied here makes use of two mid infrared photons and a single 1040 nm pump photon to generate up-converted visible photons. Focal field engineering scheme is implemented using a Toraldo-style single annular phase mask imprinted on the 1040 nm beam using a spatial light modulator. The effect of focal field engineered excitation beam on the non-resonant-TSFG process is studied by imaging isolated silicon sub-micron disks and periodic grating structures...
July 4, 2022: Optics Express
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36227104/reversible-stability-of-colloids-switched-by-co-2-based-on-polyhexamethylene-guanidine
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoling Huang, Zhuoyan Zhu, Zheng Luo, Weihang Zhao, Yufeng Wang, Yiwen Shi, Xin Su
The stability of a colloid, including emulsion and polymer latex, can be destroyed irreversibly by the addition of salt. Using the CO2 stimulus, amines can be converted into organic ammonium salts reversibly, which can access the switching of colloids. Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG), was chosen as a switchable amine. The conductivity of PHMG aqueous solution switched by adding and removing CO2 . Surface tension measurements verified that, under CO2 , the critical micelle concentration of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) decreased from 1...
October 13, 2022: Soft Matter
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36140262/matrin3-matr3-expression-is-associated-with-hemophagocytosis
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wen-Chi Yang, Sheng-Fung Lin, Shih-Chi Wu, Chih-Wen Shu
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome characterized by prolonged fever, cytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and hemophagocytosis. This occurs as a result of activated macrophages and impaired function of natural killer cells and/or cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The NF-κB pathway plays a crucial role in hyperinflammation. Matrin3 (MATR3) is a nuclear RNA/DNA-binding protein that plays multiple roles in the regulation of gene expression. We enroll 62 patients diagnosed with secondary HLH and hemophagocytosis...
September 1, 2022: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36080579/using-polymer-surfactant-charge-ratio-to-control-synergistic-flocculation-of-anionic-particulate-dispersions
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher Hill, Wasiu Abdullahi, Martin Crossman, Peter Charles Griffiths
This study investigates the flocculation induced destabilization of particulate dispersions by oppositely charged polymer-surfactant complexes, with a particular focus on controlling interactions by modulating the charge ratio Z , (where Z = [+polymer ]/[-surfactant ]) via [-surfactant ] at fixed C polymer . Cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (cat-HEC) polymer-sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) complexes were prepared with either excess polymer ( Z &gt; 1) or surfactant ( Z &lt; 1) charges. Anionic particulate dispersions (Ludox and polystyrene-butadiene Latex) were then exposed to the complexes, and solvent relaxation NMR was used to characterize the particle surfaces before and after exposure...
August 26, 2022: Polymers
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