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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikail Aykut Degerli, Ulrich Koehler, Karl Kesper, Olaf Hildebrandt, Regina Conradt, Niklas Koehler, Manuel Stenger, Wulf Hildebrandt, Janine Sambale
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by partial or complete obstruction of the pharyngeal airway. Anatomical factors can be distinguished from non-anatomical factors. Age and obesity are the main risk factors for OSA; however, approximately 50% of patients are not obese. In older patients (>60 years), the importance of obesity decreases. There is an increased prevalence of OSA among patients with normal weight. The effects of chronic intermittent hypoxemia, low-grade inflammation, increased sympathetic tone and mechanical stress contribute to a transformation of muscle fibers in the upper airway, resulting in reduced muscle mass and strength...
August 30, 2023: Pneumologie
#22
REVIEW
Xiaoyan Gai, Brian Allwood, Yongchang Sun
The burden of chronic airway diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), continues to increase, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) is characterized by chronic lung changes after the "cure" of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), which may be associated with the pathogenesis of COPD. However, data on its prevalence, clinical manifestations, computed tomography features, patterns of lung function impairment, and influencing factors are limited. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying PTLD remain to be elucidated...
August 20, 2023: Chinese Medical Journal
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven Booth, Aileen Hsieh, Leila Mostaco-Guidolin, Hyun-Kyoung Koo, Keith Wu, Fatemeh Aminazadeh, Chen Xi Yang, Daniela Quail, Yuhong Wei, Joel D Cooper, Peter D Paré, James C Hogg, Dragoş M Vasilescu, Tillie-Louise Hackett
Rationale: Emerging data demonstrate that the smallest conducting airways, terminal bronchioles, are the early site of tissue destruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are reduced by as much as 41% by the time someone is diagnosed with mild (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] stage 1) COPD. Objectives: To develop a single-cell atlas that describes the structural, cellular, and extracellular matrix alterations underlying terminal bronchiole loss in COPD. Methods: This cross-sectional study of 262 lung samples derived from 34 ex-smokers with normal lung function ( n = 10) or GOLD stage 1 ( n = 10), stage 2 ( n = 8), or stage 4 ( n = 6) COPD was performed to assess the morphology, extracellular matrix, single-cell atlas, and genes associated with terminal bronchiole reduction using stereology, micro-computed tomography, nonlinear optical microscopy, imaging mass spectrometry, and transcriptomics...
August 15, 2023: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chin Kook Rhee, Ji-Yong Moon, Hyonsoo Joo, Ji Ye Jung, Jung-Kyu Lee, Kyung Hoon Min, Hyeon-Kyoung Koo, Seong Yong Lim, Hyoung Kyu Yoon, Sang Yeub Lee
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that is characterized by variable airflow obstruction. The Korean Asthma Study Group of the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases has recently updated the Korean Asthma Guideline. This review summarizes the updated Korean Asthma Guideline. Asthma prevalence is increasing worldwide, and in Korea. Variable airflow obstruction can be confirmed by bronchodilator response or other tests, and should be established prior to the controller medication...
July 2023: Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hye Jung Park, Min Kwang Byun, Jaeuk Lee, Chi Young Kim, Sojung Shin, Youlim Kim, Chin Kook Rhee, Ki Suck Jung, Kwang Ha Yoo
PURPOSE: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a well-known risk factor for airflow obstruction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The prognosis of TB without sequelae on chest X-ray (CXR) remains uncertain. METHODS: We used the 2008-2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data and 2007-2012 KNHANES-matched Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service cohort data. Airflow obstruction was assessed using a pulmonary function test...
May 26, 2023: Infectious Diseases
#26
Ludwig Frei-Stuber, Hans Drexler, Astrid Heutelbeck, Dennis Nowak
Since abolishing the obligation to terminate the harmful professional activity from January 1st, 2021 onwards for some occupational diseases including obstructive respiratory diseases in Germany, the recognition of occupational diseases coded under 4301, 4302 and 1315 according the Occupational Diseases Ordinance has increased significantly. By the time these diseasese are recognized, they are usually already at an advanced stage. Therefore, early detection will play a greater role in the future, as the statutory accident insurance can offer individual preventive measures in order to minimize the consequences of illness and thus also the socio-economic burden...
April 17, 2023: Pneumologie
#27
REVIEW
Don D Sin
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The lower airways contain a rich and diverse microbiome, which may play a significant regulatory role in both health and disease. In COPD, the microbiome becomes perturbed, causing dysbiosis. Increased representation of members in the Proteobacteria phylum and certain members in the Firmicutes phylum has been associated with increased risk of exacerbations and mortality. Therapies such as inhaled corticosteroids and azithromycin may modulate the airway microbiome or its metabolites in patients with COPD...
April 11, 2023: Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenhao Zhang, Wenjia Peng, Jun Cai, Yuhong Jiang, Cheng Zhou, Zhenqiu Zha, Jing Mi
BACKGROUND: While benefits of greenness exposure to health have been reported, findings specific to lung function are inconsistent. The purpose of this study is to assess the correlations of greenness exposure with multiple lung function indicators based on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) monitoring database from multiple cities of Anhui province in China. METHODS: We assessed the greenness using the annual average of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) with a distance of 1000-meter buffer around each local community or village...
April 3, 2023: BMC Public Health
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Don D Sin
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects close to 400 million people worldwide. COPD is characterized by significant airflow limitation on spirometry. Most patients with COPD are diagnosed in their fifth or sixth decades of life. However, the disease begins much earlier. By the time airflow limitation is detected on spirometry, patients with COPD have lost close to 50% of their small airways. Thus, identification of patients with early COPD, defined as persons with preserved spirometry, who demonstrate pathologic or functional hallmarks of COPD, is essential for disease modification and ultimately disease elimination...
April 2023: Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common autosomal recessive genetic diseases in Caucasians, but CF patients in China are rare, and it was listed as the first batch of rare diseases in China in 2018. In recent years, CF has been gradually recognized in China, and the number of CF patients reported in China in the past 10 years is more than 2.5 times the total number in the previous 30 years, and the total number of CF patients is estimated to be more than 20 000. The research progress of CF gene modification has led to the innovation of CF treatment...
April 12, 2023: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
#31
REVIEW
Paola Faverio, Umberto Zanini, Anna Monzani, Gianfranco Parati, Fabrizio Luppi, Carolina Lombardi, Elisa Perger
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) comprises different diseases characterized by abnormal respiratory patterns during sleep including obstructive sleep apnea. SDB prevalence and impact in patients with chronic respiratory infections have been only marginally studied. The purpose of this narrative review is to report the prevalence and impact of SDB in chronic respiratory infections, including cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchiectasis and mycobacterial infections, and explore the possible pathophysiological mechanisms...
March 13, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ye Jin Lee, Yong-Bum Park
The introduction of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for the management of asthma has led to a decrease in acute exacerbation of asthma. However, there are concerns regarding the safety of long-term ICS use, particularly pneumonia. Growing evidence indicates that ICS use is associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, whereas the risk in patients with asthma remains unclear. This review discusses the effect of ICS on pneumonia among patients with asthma to update the existing literature...
July 2023: Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samir Rustam, Yang Hu, Seyed Babak Mahjour, Andre F Rendeiro, Hiranmayi Ravichandran, Andreacarola Urso, Frank D'Ovidio, Fernando J Martinez, Nasser K Altorki, Bradley Richmond, Vasiliy Polosukhin, Jonathan A Kropski, Timothy S Blackwell, Scott H Randell, Olivier Elemento, Renat Shaykhiev
RATIONALE: Remodeling and loss of distal conducting airways, including pre-terminal and terminal bronchioles (pre-TB/TBs), underlie progressive airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The cellular basis of these structural changes remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To identify biological changes in pre-TB/TBs in COPD at single-cell resolution and determine their cellular origin. METHOD: We established a novel method of distal airway dissection and performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling of 111,412 cells isolated from different airway regions of 12 healthy lung donors and pre-TBs of 5 patients with COPD...
February 16, 2023: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abhirupa Ghosh, Sudipto Saha
Introduction. Studying taxonomic and functional signatures of respiratory microbiomes provide a better understanding of airway diseases. Gap Statement . Several human airway metagenomics studies have identified taxonomic and functional features restricted to a single disease condition and the findings are not comparable across airway diseases due to use of different samples, NGS platforms, and bioinformatics databases and tools. Aim. To study the microbial taxonomic and functional components of sputum microbiome across airway diseases and healthy smokers...
December 2022: Journal of Medical Microbiology
#35
REVIEW
W Z Zhan, K F Lai
Eosinophilic bronchitis (EB) is a common cause of chronic cough, which shares similar airway eosinophilic inflammation with asthma, however, there is no airway hyperresponsiveness and airflow obstruction. The mechanism of the different phenotype between EB and asthma remains unclear. The differences in the location of airway inflammation, the level of inflammatory mediators, the imbalance of important metabolic pathways, and the degree of airway remodeling may result in different pathogenesis between EB and asthma...
February 12, 2023: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suh-Young Lee, Soon Ho Yoon, Hyunsook Hong
BACKGROUND: To systematically review studies on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and lung cancer incidence in chronic airway disease patients. METHODS: We conducted electronic bibliographic searches on OVID-MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database before May 2020 to identify relevant studies. Detailed data on the study population, exposure, and outcome domains were reviewed. RESULTS: Of 4,058 screened publications, thirteen eligible studies in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma evaluated lung cancer incidence after ICS exposure...
January 3, 2023: Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ben Knox-Brown, Jaymini Patel, James Potts, Rana Ahmed, Althea Aquart-Stewart, Hamid Hacene Cherkaski, Meriam Denguezli, Mohammed Elbiaze, Asma Elsony, Frits M E Franssen, Mohammed Al Ghobain, Imed Harrabi, Christer Janson, Rain Jõgi, Sanjay Juvekar, Herve Lawin, David Mannino, Kevin Mortimer, Asaad Ahmed Nafees, Rune Nielsen, Daniel Obaseki, Stefanni Nonna M Paraguas, Abdul Rashid, Li-Cher Loh, Sundeep Salvi, Terence Seemungal, Michael Studnicka, Wan C Tan, Emiel E F M Wouters, Cristina Barbara, Thorarinn Gislason, Kirthi Gunasekera, Peter Burney, Andre F S Amaral
BACKGROUND: Small airways obstruction is a common feature of obstructive lung diseases. Research is scarce on small airways obstruction, its global prevalence, and risk factors. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of small airways obstruction, examine the associated risk factors, and compare the findings for two different spirometry parameters. METHODS: The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study is a multinational cross-sectional study of 41 municipalities in 34 countries across all WHO regions...
January 2023: Lancet Global Health
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S K Katiyar, S N Gaur, R N Solanki, Nikhil Sarangdhar, J C Suri, Raj Kumar, G C Khilnani, Dhruva Chaudhary, Rupak Singla, Parvaiz A Koul, Ashok A Mahashur, A G Ghoshal, D Behera, D J Christopher, Deepak Talwar, Dhiman Ganguly, H Paramesh, K B Gupta, Mohan Kumar T, P D Motiani, P S Shankar, Rajesh Chawla, Randeep Guleria, S K Jindal, S K Luhadia, V K Arora, V K Vijayan, Abhishek Faye, Aditya Jindal, Amit K Murar, Anand Jaiswal, Arunachalam M, A K Janmeja, Brijesh Prajapat, C Ravindran, Debajyoti Bhattacharyya, George D'Souza, Inderpaul Singh Sehgal, J K Samaria, Jogesh Sarma, Lalit Singh, M K Sen, Mahendra K Bainara, Mansi Gupta, Nilkanth T Awad, Narayan Mishra, Naveed N Shah, Neetu Jain, Prasanta R Mohapatra, Parul Mrigpuri, Pawan Tiwari, R Narasimhan, R Vijai Kumar, Rajendra Prasad, Rajesh Swarnakar, Rakesh K Chawla, Rohit Kumar, S Chakrabarti, Sandeep Katiyar, Saurabh Mittal, Sonam Spalgais, Subhadeep Saha, Surya Kant, V K Singh, Vijay Hadda, Vikas Kumar, Virendra Singh, Vishal Chopra, Visweswaran B
Inhalational therapy, today, happens to be the mainstay of treatment in obstructive airway diseases (OADs), such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and is also in the present, used in a variety of other pulmonary and even non-pulmonary disorders. Hand-held inhalation devices may often be difficult to use, particularly for children, elderly, debilitated or distressed patients. Nebulization therapy emerges as a good option in these cases besides being useful in the home care, emergency room and critical care settings...
2022: Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic airway disease. COPD patients need lifelong treatment, and long-term standardized inhalation medication is the core of stable COPD drug therapy. But, in the process of COPD stabilization management, the use accuracy rate of inhalation device is low and compliance is poor, and in addition, chronic diseases such as ischemic heart disease, heart failure, hypertension and diabetes are common in COPD patients, and these complications often involve multiple medications, which have potential drug risks associated with drug interactions that affect patient outcomes...
October 12, 2022: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y Ma, X P Ye, X Y Fu, G H Wu
Globally, the number of patients with post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) is huge, with high morbidity and mortality. PTLD is defined as chronic respiratory abnormality that affects large and small airways (bronchiectasis and obstructive lung disease), lung parenchyma, pulmonary vasculature, and pleura and may be complicated, with or without symptoms, attributable at least in part to previous pulmonary tuberculosis. The aforementioned chronic respiratory abnormality may be complicated due to coinfection such as fungi and nontuberculosis mycobacteria ...
October 12, 2022: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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