keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536726/intermittent-fasting-promotes-type-3-innate-lymphoid-cells-secreting-il-22-contributing-to-the-beigeing-of-white-adipose-tissue
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hong Chen, Lijun Sun, Lu Feng, Xue Han, Yunhua Zhang, Wenbo Zhai, Zehe Zhang, Michael Mulholland, Weizhen Zhang, Yue Yin
Mechanism underlying the metabolic benefit of intermittent fasting remains largely unknown. Here, we reported that intermittent fasting promoted interleukin-22 (IL-22) production by type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) and subsequent beigeing of subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Adoptive transfer of intestinal ILC3s increased beigeing of white adipose tissue in diet-induced-obese mice. Exogenous IL-22 significantly increased the beigeing of subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Deficiency of IL-22 receptor (IL-22R) attenuated the beigeing induced by intermittent fasting...
March 27, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535567/inactivated-poliovirus-vaccine-recent-developments-and-the-tortuous-path-to-global-acceptance
#2
REVIEW
Roland W Sutter, Martin Eisenhawer, Natalia A Molodecky, Harish Verma, Hiromasa Okayasu
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), available since 1955, became the first vaccine to be used to protect against poliomyelitis. While the immunogenicity of IPV to prevent paralytic poliomyelitis continues to be irrefutable, its requirement for strong containment (due to large quantities of live virus used in the manufacturing process), perceived lack of ability to induce intestinal mucosal immunity, high cost and increased complexity to administer compared to oral polio vaccine (OPV), have limited its use in the global efforts to eradicate poliomyelitis...
March 4, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534182/systematic-scoping-review-use-of-the-faecal-immunochemical-test-residual-buffer-to-enhance-colorectal-cancer-screening
#3
REVIEW
Timothy McAuliffe, Joseph C Anderson, Robin J Larson, Douglas J Robertson
BACKGROUND: The faecal immunochemical test (FIT) is an inexpensive and convenient modality to screen for colorectal cancer. However, its one-time sensitivity for detecting colorectal cancer and cancer precursors is limited. There is growing interest in using the non-haemoglobin contents of FIT residual buffer to enhance colonic neoplasia detection. AIM: To establish from the literature a framework to catalogue candidate biomarkers within FIT residual buffer for non-invasive colorectal cancer screening...
March 27, 2024: Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533716/role-of-opioid-use-in-gastrointestinal-obstruction-and-perforation-a-retrospective-review
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Divya Bishnoi, Priyanka Sharma, Anant Kumar Rathi
INTRODUCTION: Pain is one of the most common complaints that brings a patient to a hospital. For this, usually, the patient might have already consumed various types of pain killer combinations, either prescribed or over-the-counter. In some of these cases, a patient consumes these medicines unmonitored for a long time and then comes with complications, among which gastrointestinal tract obstruction and perforation are the most life threatening. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Case files from the Department of Surgery were retrieved and studied...
2024: Journal of Opioid Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533056/molecular-identification-of-different-toxinogenic-strains-of-clostridium-perfringens-and-histo-pathological-observations-of-camels-died-of-per-acute-entero-toxaemia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hafiz Muhammad Ali, Shujaat Hussain, Muhammad Zishan Ahmad, Abu Baker Siddique, Sultan Ali, Mudassar Mohiuddin, Muhammad Ehsan, Muhammad Nadeem, Abdul Qayyum, Riaz Hussain, Iahtasham Khan, Dunia A Al Farraj, Enshad Alzaidi
Enterotoxaemia is a severe disease caused by Clostridium perfringens and render high mortality and huge economic losses in livestock. However, scanty information and only few cases are reported about the presence and patho-physiology of enterotoxaemia in camels. The bacterium induces per-acute death in animals due to rapid production of different lethal toxins. The necropsy of camels (per-acute = 15, acute = 3) was conducted at 18 outbreaks of enterotoxaemia in camels in the desert area of Bahawalpur region...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531781/role-of-type-vi-secretion-system-in-pathogenic-remodeling-of-host-gut-microbiota-during-aeromonas-veronii-infection
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoli Jiang, Hanzeng Li, Jiayue Ma, Hong Li, Xiang Ma, Yanqiong Tang, Juanjuan Li, Xue Chi, Yong Deng, Sheng Zeng, Zhu Liu
Intestinal microbial disturbance is a direct cause of host disease. The bacterial Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) often plays a crucial role in the fitness of pathogenic bacteria by delivering toxic effectors into target cells. However, its impact on the gut microbiota and host pathogenesis is poorly understood. To address this question, we characterized a new T6SS in the pathogenic Aeromonas veronii C4. First, we validated the secretion function of the core machinery of A. veronii C4 T6SS. Second, we found that the pathogenesis and colonization of A...
March 26, 2024: ISME Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531200/ischemia-inhibited-ferric-chelate-reductase-1-improves-ferroptosis-mediated-intestinal-ischemia-injury-via-hippo-signaling
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pengzhen Liang, Wei Xie, Xing Wang, Zhaohui Du, Chuanming Zheng, Hongchang Zhao, Zhenjie Wang, Zhong Ji
The precise mechanism of ferroptosis as a regulatory cell death in intestinal ischemia injury induced by vascular intestinal obstruction (Vio) remains to be elucidated. Here, we evaluated iron levels, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) changes after intestinal ischemia injury to validate ferroptosis. As an enzyme for Fe3+ reduction to Fe2+ , Ferric Chelate Reductase 1 (FRRS1) is involved in the electron transport chain and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in mitochondria...
March 25, 2024: International Immunopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529384/composite-diffuse-large-b-cell-lymphoma-and-peripheral-t-cell-lymphoma-a-case-report-with-two-year-follow-up-and-literature-review
#8
Jiwei Gu, Juan Qian, Xin Cao
Composite lymphoma is an uncommon type of lymphoid malignancy, and those consisting of concurrent diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) in the same organ are rare. Here, we report a case of a 75-year-old male patient admitted to our emergency department with intestinal obstruction presenting with abdominal pain and vomiting. He underwent partial resection of the small intestine under general anesthesia, and subsequent histopathology confirmed the mass to be composite DLBCL and PTCL-NOS...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529083/laparoscopy-assisted-restorative-proctocolectomy-with-ileal-pouch-anal-anastomosis-in-middle-colic-artery-ligation-immediately-before-specimen-removal
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keiji Matsuda, Yojiro Hashiguchi, Tamuro Hayama, Kurara Hayashi, Toshiya Miyata, Kentaro Asako, Yoshihisa Fukushima, Ryu Shimada, Kensuke Kaneko, Keijiro Nozawa, Hiroki Ochiai, Takatsugu Yamamoto
INTRODUCTION: Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the surgical procedure for ulcerative colitis (UC). Intestinal ischemia may occur if the main blood vessels are ligated at an early stage of this surgery. Considering that the blood flow in the large intestine can be maintained by preserving the middle colic artery, we have used a new IPAA method: ligating the middle colic artery immediately before removal of the specimens ("M-method"). Here, we evaluated the M-method's clinical outcomes...
2024: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528371/diagnostic-strategy-of-irritable-bowel-syndrome-a-low-and-middle-income-country-perspective
#10
REVIEW
Amal Arifi Hidayat, Langgeng Agung Waskito, Titong Sugihartono, Hafeza Aftab, Yudith Annisa Ayu Rezkitha, Ratha-Korn Vilaichone, Muhammad Miftahussurur
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder associated with substantial impairment which considerably burdens healthcare systems worldwide. Research on IBS has largely been conducted in high-income countries posing barriers to the application of diagnostic strategies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to differences in disease characteristics, healthcare resources, and socioeconomic factors. This review discusses the diagnostic issues associated with LMICs. We present a concise overview of the relevant approaches and propose a diagnostic strategy based on the latest evidence...
March 26, 2024: Intestinal Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528181/salmonella-manipulates-macrophage-migration-via-stec-mediated-myosin-light-chain-activation-to-penetrate-the-gut-vascular-barrier
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanji Dai, Min Zhang, Xiaoyu Liu, Ting Sun, Wenqi Qi, Wei Ding, Zhe Chen, Ping Zhang, Ruirui Liu, Huimin Chen, Siyan Chen, Yuzhen Wang, Yingying Yue, Nannan Song, Weiwei Wang, Haihong Jia, Zhongrui Ma, Cuiling Li, Qixin Chen, Bingqing Li
The intestinal pathogen Salmonella enterica rapidly enters the bloodstream after the invasion of intestinal epithelial cells, but how Salmonella breaks through the gut-vascular barrier is largely unknown. Here, we report that Salmonella enters the bloodstream through intestinal CX3CR1+ macrophages during early infection. Mechanistically, Salmonella induces the migration/invasion properties of macrophages in a manner dependent on host cell actin and on the pathogen effector SteC. SteC recruits host myosin light chain protein Myl12a and phosphorylates its Ser19 and Thr20 residues...
March 25, 2024: EMBO Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528147/an-expanded-transcriptome-atlas-for-bacteroides-thetaiotaomicron-reveals-a-small-rna-that-modulates-tetracycline-sensitivity
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Ryan, Elise Bornet, Gianluca Prezza, Shuba Varshini Alampalli, Taís Franco de Carvalho, Hannah Felchle, Titus Ebbecke, Regan J Hayward, Adam M Deutschbauer, Lars Barquist, Alexander J Westermann
Plasticity in gene expression allows bacteria to adapt to diverse environments. This is particularly relevant in the dynamic niche of the human intestinal tract; however, transcriptional networks remain largely unknown for gut-resident bacteria. Here we apply differential RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and conventional RNA-seq to the model gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron to map transcriptional units and profile their expression levels across 15 in vivo-relevant growth conditions. We infer stress- and carbon source-specific transcriptional regulons and expand the annotation of small RNAs (sRNAs)...
March 25, 2024: Nature Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527801/extracellular-sombrero-vesicles-are-hallmarks-of-eosinophilic-cytolytic-degranulation-in-tissue-sites-of-human-diseases
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vitor H Neves, Cinthia Palazzi, Kássia K Malta, Kennedy Bonjour, Felipe Kneip, Felipe F Dias, Josiane S Neves, Peter F Weller, Rossana C N Melo
Eosinophil sombrero vesicles (EoSVs) are large tubular carriers resident in the cytoplasm of human eosinophils, identifiable by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and important for immune mediator transport. Increased EoSV formation occurs in activated eosinophils in vitro and in vivo. In tissue sites of eosinophilic cytolytic inflammation, extracellular EoSVs are noted, but their frequency and significance in eosinophil-associated diseases (EADs) remain unclear. Here, we performed comprehensive quantitative TEM analyses and electron tomography to investigate the numbers, density, integrity, and three-dimensional (3D) structure of EoSVs in different biopsy tissues from five prototypic EADs (eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis/nasal sinuses, ulcerative colitis/intestines, hypereosinophilic syndrome/skin, dermatitis/skin, and schistosomiasis/rectum)...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Leukocyte Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526512/evaluation-of-clinical-profiles-surgical-experience-and-outcomes-of-ileosigmoid-knotting-in-low-resource-setup-a-retrospective-cohort-study-at-jimma-university-medical-center
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nebiyou Simegnew Bayleyegn, Abebe Nega Zelelew, Assefa Legesse Sisay
BACKGROUND: Bowel obstruction is a mechanical or functional blockade of intestinal contents from evacuation to the adjacent distal bowel or external environment. It poses significant morbidity and mortality in both high-income and low-to-middle-income countries. Ileosigmoid knotting is a special form of obstruction where the small bowel often ileum wraps around the sigmoid colon or vice versa. It is the severest form of bowel obstruction, involving both the small and large bowels in a compound manner...
March 25, 2024: World Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525689/long-term-triclocarban-exposure-induced-enterotoxicity-by-triggering-intestinal-ahr-mediated-inflammation-and-disrupting-microbial-community-in-mice
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuchen Song, Hehua Lei, Zheng Cao, Cui Zhang, Chuan Chen, Mengjing Wu, Huabao Zhang, Ruichen Du, Liu Lijun, Xiaoyu Chen, Limin Zhang
Exposure to triclocarban (TCC), a commonly used antibacterial agent, has been shown to induce significant intestine injuries and colonic inflammation in mice. However, the detailed mechanisms by which TCC exposure triggered enterotoxicity remain largely unclear. Herein, intestinal toxicity effects of long-term and chronic TCC exposure were investigated using a combination of histopathological assessments, metagenomics, targeted metabolomics, and biological assays. Mechanically, TCC exposure caused induction of intestinal aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and its transcriptional target cytochrome P4501A1 ( Cyp1a1 ) leading to dysfunction of the gut barrier and disruption of the gut microbial community...
March 25, 2024: Chemical Research in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524698/rapid-quantification-of-50-fatty-acids-in-small-amounts-of-biological-samples-for-population-molecular-phenotyping
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pinghui Liu, Qinsheng Chen, Lianglong Zhang, Chengcheng Ren, Biru Shi, Jingxian Zhang, Shuaiyao Wang, Ziliang Chen, Qi Wang, Hui Xie, Qingxia Huang, Huiru Tang
Efficient quantification of fatty-acid (FA) composition (fatty-acidome) in biological samples is crucial for understanding physiology and pathophysiology in large population cohorts. Here, we report a rapid GC-FID/MS method for simultaneous quantification of all FAs in numerous biological matrices. Within eight minutes, this method enabled simultaneous quantification of 50 FAs as fatty-acid methyl esters (FAMEs) in femtomole levels following the efficient transformation of FAs in all lipids including FFAs, cholesterol-esters, glycerides, phospholipids and sphingolipids...
December 31, 2023: Biophysics Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524693/a-data-mining-study-for-analysis-of-acupoint-selection-and-combinations-in-acupuncture-treatment-of-carpal-tunnel-syndrome
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yujun He, Furui Miao, Cai He, Yushan Fan, Fangzhi Zhang, Pu Yang, Miaodong Wang, Jiujie He
BACKGROUND: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent upper limb compressive neuropathy. A considerable number of clinical trials and meta-analyses have provided evidence supporting the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating CTS. Nevertheless, the ideal choice of acupoints remains ambiguous. OBJECTIVE: A data mining analysis was conducted with the objective of determining the most effective acupoint combinations and selection for CTS. METHODS: A search was conducted across seven Chinese and English electronic bibliographic databases spanning from their inception to March 2023...
2024: Journal of Pain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523269/childhood-maltreatment-and-health-in-the-uk-biobank-triangulation-of-outcome-wide-and-polygenic-risk-score-analyses
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Lucia Espinosa Dice, Rebecca B Lawn, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Andrea L Roberts, Christy A Denckla, Ariel H Kim, Pedro A de la Rosa, Yiwen Zhu, Tyler J VanderWeele, Karestan C Koenen
BACKGROUND: Childhood maltreatment is common globally and impacts morbidity, mortality, and well-being. Our understanding of its impact is constrained by key substantive and methodological limitations of extant research, including understudied physical health outcomes and bias due to unmeasured confounding. We address these limitations through a large-scale outcome-wide triangulation study. METHODS: We performed two outcome-wide analyses (OWAs) in the UK Biobank...
March 25, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522828/association-of-clinical-respiratory-disease-signs-and-lower-respiratory-tract-bacterial-pathogens-with-systemic-inflammatory-response-in-pre-weaned-dairy-calves
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rohish Kaura, Elisabeth Dorbek-Kolin, Marina Loch, Dagni-Alice Viidu, Toomas Orro, Kerli Mõtus
This study investigated the potential associations between 3 acute phase proteins (APPs) haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, and fibrinogen, clinical signs of respiratory disease, and the presence of bacterial pathogens in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) of pre-weaned dairy calves. This cross-sectional study included 150 pre-weaned calves (2-86 d old) from 15 large dairy herds in Estonia. Tracheobronchial lavage, blood, and fecal samples were collected from 5 calves showing clinical signs indicative of LRT disease, and samples from 5 calves without clinical signs of LRT disease per herd...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Dairy Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522714/cloning-and-expression-analysis-of-janus-activated-kinase-family-genes-from-spotted-seabass-lateolabrax-maculatus
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ke Fan, Qian Gao, Chuanguo Cai, Yushuai Xie, Zhitao Qi, Zhaosheng Sun, Jiasong Xie, Jiaqi Gao
Janus kinases (JAKs) are important components of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and play vital roles in innate immunity, autoimmune diseases, and inflammation. However, information about JAKs remains largely unknown in the spotted seabass, a fish species of Perciformes with great commercial value in the aquaculture industry. The aims of this study are to obtain the complete cDNA sequences of JAKs (JAK1, JAK2A, JAK2B, JAK3 and TYK2) from spotted seabass and to investigate their roles upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and Edwardsiella tarda, using RT-PCR, PCR and qRT-PCR methods...
March 22, 2024: Developmental and Comparative Immunology
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