vegetables and cardiovascular disease

Fermentation is thought to be born in the Fertile Crescent, and since then, almost every culture has integrated fermented foods into their dietary habits. Originally used to preserve foods, fermentation is now applied to improve their physicochemical, sensory, nutritional, and safety attributes. Fermented dairy, alcoholic beverages like wine and beer, fermented vegetables, fruits, and meats are all highly valuable due to their increased storage stability, reduced risk of food poisoning, and enhanced flavor...

BACKGROUND: Progress in cardiovascular health is increasingly concentrated in high-income countries, while the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is high in low- and middle-income countries, a clear health inequity that must be urgently addressed. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and clustering of CVD risk factors in the three Lancang-Mekong regions. METHODS: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey from January 2021 to March 2023 in China, Laos, and Cambodia...

The relationship of fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) exposure and insulin resistance remains inclusive. Our study aimed to investigate this association in the project of Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR). Specifically, we examined the associations between long-term PM2.5 exposure and three surrogate indicators of insulin resistance: the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), TyG with waist circumference (TyG-WC) and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR). Additionally, we explored potential effect modification of dietary intake and components...

Hypertension, or high blood pressure (BP), is a complex disease influenced by various risk factors. It is characterized by persistent elevation of BP levels, typically exceeding 140/90 mmHg. Endothelial dysfunction and reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability play crucial roles in hypertension development. L-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an analog of L-arginine, inhibits endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) enzymes, leading to decreased NO production and increased BP. Animal models exposed to L-NAME manifest hypertension, making it a useful design for studying the hypertension condition...

Hypochloric acid (HClO) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) that functions as a bacteriostatic and disinfectant in food production. Excessive levels of ClO- , however, have been linked to various health issues, including cardiovascular diseases (Halliwell and Gutteridge in Oxford University press, USA, 2015), arthritis, and neurodegenerative diseases (Heinzelmann and Bauer in Biol Chem. 391(6):675-693, 2010). Therefore, synthesizing highly selective and sensitive probes for rapidly detecting endogenous ClO- in daily foods is currently a popular research topic (Kalyanaraman et al...

Here we report a rare morphology of a cardiac fibroma in a child. A 2-year and 8-month-old toddler came for "chronic constipation" and was found to have a heart murmur on cardiac auscultation. Further transthoracic echocardiography suggested "a strong echogenic mass in the left ventricular wall, with some part of "a string of beads" in shape extending into left ventricle outflow tract", which was atypical for either a tumor, thrombus or vegetation. The child underwent resection of the mass and mitral valvuloplasty...

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) cause a significant global health challenge, with unhealthy diets identified as a major risk factor. Sodium and potassium, which are essential minerals for human health, play important roles in various bodily functions, and an imbalance in their intake can have significant health implications, particularly concerning hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This review compiles dietary sodium and potassium intake recommendations from prominent global health organizations and compares global guidelines to Japan's Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) guidelines...

Four noncommunicable diseases (NCDs): cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes, account for 71% of global deaths. However, little is known about the NCDs risk profile of sexual and gender minorities (SGMs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of NCDs risk factors among the SGMs of Kathmandu valley, Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted among SGMs in the Kathmandu valley, Nepal. We recruited 140 participants using the snowball sampling method. A face-to-face interview was done using a structured questionnaire adapted from World Health Organization Step Wise Approach to Surveillance (STEPS instruments V2...

Background : Evidence about the associations between Cantonese dietary patterns and mortality is scarce. We examined the prospective association of the dietary pattern with all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in older Chinese. Methods : We included 19 598 participants of a Guangzhou Biobank cohort study aged 50+ years, who were recruited from 2003 to 2006 and followed up until July, 2022. The diet was assessed by using a 300-item validated food frequency questionnaire. The food items were collapsed into 27 food groups...

An 11-year-old male neutered English Bulldog was presented for evaluation of thrombocytopenia, acute onset of ataxia, and vomiting. A new murmur was auscultated on physical examination. Transthoracic echocardiographic examination revealed a bicuspid aortic valve, vegetative lesions on the aortic valve, and continuous shunting from the aortic root to the left atrium through an aorta to left atrial fistula. The dog was euthanized due to guarded prognosis and critical condition. Pathological examination confirmed presence of bicuspid aortic valve, aorto-left atrial fistula, and aortic infective endocarditis...

BACKGROUND: Favorable neighborhood-level social determinants of health (SDoH) are associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk. Less is known about their influence on cardioprotective behaviors. We evaluated the associations between neighborhood-level SDoH and cardioprotective behaviors among church members in Louisiana. METHODS: Participants were surveyed between November 2021 to February 2022, and were asked about health behaviors, aspects of their neighborhood, and home address (to link to census tract and corresponding social deprivation index [SDI] data)...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance, imposing overload on the right ventricle (RV) and imbalance of redox state. Our study investigated the influence of treatment with sulforaphane (SFN), found in cruciferous vegetables, on right ventricle (RV) remodeling and redox homeostasis in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Male Wistar rats were separated into four groups: control (CTR); control + sulforaphane (CTR + SFN); monocrotaline (MCT); monocrotaline + sulforaphane (MCT + SFN)...

Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance favouring oxidants over antioxidants, is a key contributor to the development of various common diseases. Counteracting these oxidants is considered an effective strategy to mitigate the levels of oxidative stress in organisms. Numerous studies have indicated an inverse correlation between the consumption of vegetables and fruits and the risk of chronic diseases, attributing these health benefits to the presence of antioxidant phytochemicals in these foods. Phytochemicals, present in a wide range of foods and medicinal plants, play a pivotal role in preventing and treating chronic diseases induced by oxidative stress by working as antioxidants...

In recent years, although life expectancy has increased significantly, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) continue to pose a significant threat to the health of the global population. Therefore, eating habits have been recognized as key modifiable factors that influence people's health and well-being. For this reason, it is interesting to study dietary patterns, since the human diet is a complex mixture of macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, and can modulate multiple physiological processes, including immune function, the metabolism, and inflammation...

INTRODUCTION: Current recommendations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention are guided CVD risk classification. This study aims to analyze the level of compliance with pharmacological and non-pharmacological recommendations outlined in the World Health Organization (WHO) CVD prevention clinical practice guideline within the general population of two cities in Argentina. METHODS: We analyzed the compliance with preventive recommendations from the WHO 2007 Guidelines for Management of Cardiovascular Risk in two cities of Argentina participating in the CESCAS population-based study in the Southern Cone of Latin America...

INTRODUCTION: In this study, we aimed to compare metabolic risk factors, lipid indices, healthy eating index, and physical activity among premenopausal, menopausal, and postmenopausal women. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 4,732 women participating in the Hoveyzeh Cohort Study were placed into three groups of premenopausal (n=736), menopausal (n=396), and postmenopausal (n=917) women, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria . RESULTS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 43...

Hyperactivation of blood platelets, one of the causes of heart attack, and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), is influenced by various dietary components, including phenolic compounds from vegetables, fruits, teas, wines, cocoa and its products, including chocolate. The present paper sheds new light on the effect of cocoa and its products, especially dark chocolate, on the number and function of blood platelets, and the anti-platelet activity of their constituent phenolic compounds. A review was performed of papers identified in various electronic databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar, with the aim of determining whether their anti-platelet activity may serve as part of a sweet strategy in countering CVDs...

OBJECTIVE: How traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are related to long-term blood pressure change (BPC) or trajectories remain unclear. We aimed to examine the independent associations of these factors with 15-year BPC and trajectories in Chinese adults. METHODS: We included 15 985 participants who had attended three surveys, including 2004-2008 baseline survey, and 2013-2014 and 2020-2021 resurveys, over 15 years in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB)...

Flavonoids are organic compounds characterized by a range of phenolic structures, which are abundantly present in various natural sources such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea, and wine. The health advantages of these natural substances are renowned, and initiatives are being taken to extract the flavonoids. Apigenin, galangin, hesperetin, kaempferol, myricetin, naringenin, and quercetin are the seven most common compounds belonging to this class. A thorough analysis of bibliographic records from reliable sources including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and others was done to learn more about the biological activities of these flavonoids...

BACKGROUND: Rates of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, and mental health problems, such as anxiety and depression, are high and rising in the urbanising world. Gardening could improve both mental and physical health and help prevent a range of conditions by increasing fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption, promoting physical activity, and reducing stress. However, good quality quantitative research in the area is scarce, and our understanding of the role of allotments and home gardens, and the effects of the level of engagement in gardening and involvement with food production has thus far been limited...