wheat bran

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, an economically devastating soil-borne fungal pathogen known to cause disease across a wide range of plants, produces long-term inoculum called sclerotia that can either germinate carpogenically by ascospores infecting above-ground plant parts or myceliogenically to infect stem base and roots. Typically for research purposes S. sclerotiorum diseases are initiated by direct contact methods, using S. sclerotiorum mycelium agar plugs wrapped around the stem or sclerotia placed directly beneath root mass...

Agrocybe chaxingu is an edible and medicinal mushroom widely cultivated in China (Liu et al. 2021). Agrocybe chaxingu is extremely well-liked for the unique flavor and nutritional value. In May 2021, a serious white mucus disease was observed in the farms of A. chaxingu in the Ganxian district of Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China, with an approximate disease incidence of 20%. In the years of 2022 and 2023, the same white mucus disease on A. chaxingu was observed in the farms in Nanchang City, Jiujiang City and Guangchang County, Jiangxi Province, China...

Five varieties of vegetable oil underwent oleogelation with two types of wax as follows: beeswax (BW) and rice bran wax (RW). The oleogels were analyzed for their physicochemical, thermal, and textural characteristics. The oleogels were used in the bun dough recipe at a percentage level of 5%, and the textural and rheological properties of the oleogel doughs were analyzed using dynamic and empirical rheology devices such as the Haake rheometer, the Rheofermentometer, and Mixolab. The thermal properties of beeswax oleogels showed a melting peak at a lower temperature for all the oils used compared with that of the oleogels containing rice bran wax...

Although the addition of bran to bread makes it healthier and more functional, it brings with it some technological problems. One way to eliminate these problems is hydrothermal pretreatment of wheat bran. In this study, five different ratios (10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, and 100%) of hydrolysates from hydrothermal pretreatment of wheat bran (150°C, 30 min) were substituted with dough-kneading water during dough kneading for bread making. The physical, chemical, functional, textural and important starch fractions of the bread produced were determined...

Aflatoxins are one of the major factors that affect the quality and safety of feeds. They can be transferred into livestock through contaminated feed and then onto humans via animal sources of food such as milk, meat, and eggs. The objective of this study was to detect and quantify the level of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2, and total aflatoxin) in dairy feeds, poultry (layer and broiler) feeds, and feed ingredients produced in Addis Ababa. A total of 42 feeds and feed ingredients consisting of dairy feeds (n = 5), poultry broiler feeds (n = 6), layer feeds (n = 6), and feed ingredients (n = 25) were collected from feed factories in the city and analyzed in fresh weigh basis...

In the present study, wide diversity in the set and activity of lignin-modifying enzymes (LME) was revealed during submerged fermentation of mandarin peel with 15 strains of white rot Basidiomycetes. Among them, Trametes pubescens BCC153 was distinguished by the simultaneous production of laccase, manganese peroxidase (MnP), and lignin peroxidase (LiP). Supplementation of CuSO4 at a concentration of 1 mM in the media for the cultivation of four Trametes species manifold increased the production of laccase. The diverse effects of chemically different lignocellulosic growth substrates and nitrogen sources on the production of individual LME have been established...

To study the best substrate for the Indian subcontinent, four different substrates (sawdust + wheat bran, wheat straw + wheat bran + corn cobs, sawdust + corn cobs and wheat straw + wheat bran) were screened for six different Flammulina velutipes strains. The antioxidant and antibacterial properties were studied for these strains. In study it was found that the strain DMRX-767 and DMRX-768 were the most promising for yield and biological efficiency in all substrates and wheat straw + wheat bran being the best with respect to BE...

Co-culture fermentation with yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exhibits advantages in improving the bioactivity and flavor of wheat bran compared to single-culture fermentation, showing application potentials in bran-containing Chinese steamed bread (CSB). To explore the effects of combination of yeast and different LAB on the bioactivity and flavor of fermented wheat bran, this study analyzed the physicochemical properties, phytate degradation capacity, antioxidant activities, and aroma profile of wheat bran treated with co-culture fermentation by Saccharomycopsis fibuligera and eight different species of LAB...

This study evaluated the nutritional quality of different microbial biomass samples by assessing their protein digestibility and carbohydrate fermentability in the colon using in vitro methods. Four microbial samples were produced: one hydrogen-oxidizing bacterial strain (Nocardioides nitrophenolicus KGS-27), two strains of filamentous fungi (Rhizopus oligosporus and Paecilomyces variotii), and one yeast strain (Rhodotorula babjevae). The microorganisms were grown in bioreactors, harvested and dried before analysis...

Saharan population in Algeria still depending on bovine milk, which suffers from serious constraints undermining its sustainability. Camelus dromedarius milk has experienced growing demand following the emerging market requirements for livestock production and dairy farming over the past decade. The present work aimed at analysing the effect of nutritional regime on milk quality. The differences in pH, Acidity D°, Ash and Fats were significant. The pH was negatively influenced by the intensification conditions such as the much higher use of concentrates...

Non-communicable diseases represent a global health burden with increasing prevalence. To prevent or improve this type of diseases, dietary strategies based on healthy foods have been suggested. Cereals are the most consumed foods in the world and preventive effects of whole grains on health have been described. The germ and bran of cereals are abundant in bioactive compounds, including phytochemicals, vitamins, minerals and fibers, and these compounds are effective in preventing and improving non-communicable diseases...

The application of soil amendment (SA) and the cultivation of low Cd-accumulating varieties have been a widely favored strategy to enable the safe utilization of Cd-contaminated arable land. However, little has been reported on the reciprocal effects of SA on the Cd mitigation and nutritional quality of different wheat varieties. In this study, we evaluated the impact of an SA on agronomic traits, Cd accumulation, translocation and mineral nutrition of 12 wheat varieties in an acidic field with a Cd concentration of 0...

This study investigated the impact of damaged starch and arabinoxylans on the thermal and pasting behavior of mixtures containing starch and gluten. The mixtures containing starch, arabinoxylans, and gluten were dispersed in water and a 50% sucrose solution. When arabinoxylans were added to native starch in water, it did not modify the viscosity profiles. An increase in viscosity parameters was observed due to the addition of arabinoxylans to starch with a higher level of damage. Gluten did not influence the effects caused by arabinoxylans...

Heavy metal contamination of soil has become a hot issue of social concern due to its impact on the safety of agricultural products in recent years. Wheat is one of the most dominant staple food crops worldwide and has become a major source of toxic metals in human diets. Foliar application was considered to be a more efficient and economical method of heavy metal remediation. Field experiments were carried out in Cd-, As-, and Pb-contaminated farmland soils. The effects of foliar conditioners on the accumulation of Cd, As, and Pb in wheat grains were investigated after being sprayed with Zn (0...

The industrial rearing of the yellow mealworm ( Tenebrio molitor ) for feed and food purposes on agricultural by-products may expose larvae and adults to entomopathogens used as biocontrol agents in crop production. Bacterial spores/toxins or fungal conidia from species such as Bacillus thuringiensis or Metarhizium brunneum could affect the survival and growth of insects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential benefits of a wheat bran diet supplemented with probiotic bacteria and dried egg white on larval development and survival and its effects on the gut microbiome composition...

The development of minimally processed baked goods is dependent on new "clean label" functional ingredients that allow substitution of additives without compromising quality. We investigated the use of fermentation with Bacillus spp. as a novel approach to improve bread quality. Bacillus velezensis FUA2155 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Fad WE ferments were prepared using white wheat flour, wheat bran or buckwheat, and were added at a level of 2.5-20 % to bread dough. Ropy spoilage of bread was controlled by sourdough addition at a level of 10 or 20 %...

A nine-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing wheat bran (WB) with palm kernel cake (PKC) or fermented palm kernel cake (FPKC) on the growth performance, intestinal microbiota and intestinal health of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus ) (initial weight 7.00 ± 0.01 g). Eleven isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets were formulated by replacing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of dietary WB with PKC or FPKC. Replacement of WB with PKC concentrations up to 80% had no significant effect on the growth rate of tilapia or feed utilisation ( p  > 0...

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of monensin sodium (Coxidin®) as a coccidiostat for chickens for fattening, chickens reared for laying, turkeys for fattening and turkeys reared for breeding. The additive currently on the market complies with the existing conditions of authorisation. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that Coxidin® remains safe for turkeys for fattening (up to 16 weeks) and extends this conclusion to turkeys reared for breeding (up to 16 weeks)...

Traditionally, biosorbents have been used to remove contaminants from polluted water, such as wastewater, landfill leachate, rainwater or drinking water. However, two alternative uses of biosorbents have been proposed relatively recently: the removal of heavy metals from fruit juices by biosorption and the use of saturated biosorbents as animal feed. Because these biosorbents are in contact with food or are used as animal feed, the concentration of contaminants in biosorbents must be known. In addition, the characterization of biosorbents is crucial because biosorbent properties affect both adsorption efficiency and the performance of full-scale biosorbent systems...

BACKGROUNDS: The objective of this investigation was to examine the impact of enzymatic hydrolysis of arabinoxylan (AX) on frozen dough quality under subfreezing conditions. The dough was subjected to freezing at -40 °C for 2 h and then stored at -9 °C, -12 °C, and - 18 °C for 15 days. The water loss, freezable water content, water migration and microstructure of the dough were measured. RESULTS: The dough containing 0...