Use the keywords feature with a free QxMD account.
Use Read by QxMD to access full text via your institution or open access sources.
Read also provides personalized recommendations to keep you up to date in your field.
Existing User
Sign InNew to Read
Sign Up#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Duncan Stewart, Mary Madden, Jim McCambridge
BACKGROUND: Alcohol problems are increasing across the world and becoming more complex. Limitations to international evidence and practice mean that the screening and brief intervention paradigm forged in the 1980s is no longer fit for the purpose of informing how conversations about alcohol should take place in healthcare and other services. A new paradigm for brief interventions has been called for. BRIEF INTERVENTIONS 2.0: We must start with a re-appraisal of the roles of alcohol in society now and the damage it does to individual and population health...
April 19, 2024: Globalization and Health
#22
REVIEW
Ayeh Bani Saeid, Gabriele De Rubis, Kylie A Williams, Stewart Yeung, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Sachin Kumar Singh, Gaurav Gupta, Philip M Hansbro, Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi, Monica Gulati, Indu Pal Kaur, Hélder A Santos, Keshav Raj Paudel, Kamal Dua
The escalating prevalence of lung diseases underscores the need for innovative therapies. Dysbiosis in human body microbiome has emerged as a significant factor in these diseases, indicating a potential role for synbiotics in restoring microbial equilibrium. However, effective delivery of synbiotics to the target site remains challenging. Here, we aim to explore suitable nanoparticles for encapsulating synbiotics tailored for applications in lung diseases. Nanoencapsulation has emerged as a prominent strategy to address the delivery challenges of synbiotics in this context...
April 17, 2024: Chemico-biological Interactions
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica F Calver, Nimesh R Parmar, Gemma Harris, Ryan M Lithgo, Panayiota Stylianou, Fredrik R Zetterberg, Bibek Gooptu, Alison C Mackinnon, Stephen B Carr, Lee A Borthwick, David J Scott, Iain D Stewart, Robert J Slack, R Gisli Jenkins, Alison E John
Integrin-mediated activation of the pro-fibrotic mediator transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), plays a critical role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) pathogenesis. Galectin-3 is believed to contribute to the pathological wound healing seen in IPF, although its mechanism of action is not precisely defined. We hypothesised that galectin-3 potentiates TGF-β1 activation and/or signaling in the lung to promote fibrogenesis. We show that galectin-3 induces TGF-β1 activation in human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) and specifically that extracellular galectin-3 promotes oleoyl-L-α-lysophosphatidic acid sodium salt (LPA)-induced integrin-mediated TGF-β1 activation...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Biological Chemistry
#24
REVIEW
Frank A Plakogiannis, Jakob Weidmann, Blake Fraser, Justin Kwong, Diana Asi, Pratham Kumar, Madeleine Baldock, Jasmine Naamo, Ruhani Baluja, Rachelle Catanzariti, Stewart Yeung, Lisa Pont, Kylie Williams, Gabriele De Rubis, Kamal Dua, Nadeem Irfan Bukhari
The intricate relationship between smoking and the effects of the antiplatelet drug clopidogrel has been termed the "smoker's paradox". This paradox details the enhanced efficacy of clopidogrel in smokers compared to non-smokers. This review begins with an exploration of the proposed mechanisms of the smoker's paradox, particularly drawing attention to the induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes via tobacco smoke, specifically the enzymes CYP1A2 and CYP2C19. Moreover, an investigation of the effects of genetic variability on the smoker's paradox was undertaken from both clinical and molecular perspectives, delving into the effects of ethnicity and genetic polymorphisms...
April 10, 2024: Pathology, Research and Practice
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Susan L Stewart, Rose M C Kagawa, Shani A L Buggs, Mona A Wright, Garen J Wintemute
BACKGROUND: There is evidence linking use of controlled substances with perpetration of interpersonal violence. While the United States constitution protects the right to own a firearm, federal law prohibits firearm purchase and possession by persons believed to be at high risk for violence, including those who use controlled substances unlawfully. METHODS: We report here the results of a 13-year prospective observational study on the risk of violent crime associated with a history of criminal drug charges in a cohort of 79,678 legal purchasers of handguns in California in 2001...
April 18, 2024: International Journal on Drug Policy
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Do We Need a New Hypothesis for KATP Closure in β-Cells? Distinguishing the Baby From the Bathwater.
Leslie Sherwin Satin, Jeremías Corradi, Arthur Stewart Sherman
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 19, 2024: Diabetes
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandrine Parent, Jennifer St Amant, Sophie Van Remortel, Saad Kahn, Ramana Vaka, David Courtman, Duncan John Stewart, Darryl Raymond Davis
BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from human heart-derived cells have shown promise in suppressing inflammation and fibroblast proliferation. However, their precise benefits in atrial fibrillation (AF) prevention and the role of their antifibrotic/anti-inflammatory properties remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to conduct a head-to-head comparison of antiarrhythmic strategies to prevent postoperative AF using a rat model of sterile pericarditis...
April 3, 2024: JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne Marie Levy, Alisa Grigorovich, Josephine McMurray, Hannah Quirt, Kaitlyn Ranft, Katia Engell, Steven Stewart, Arlene Astell, Kristina Kokorelias, Denise Schon, Kevin Rogrigues, Mario Tsokas, Alastair J Flint, Andrea Iaboni
BACKGROUND: Healthcare providers may experience moral distress when they are unable to take the ethically or morally appropriate action due to real or perceived constraints in delivering care, and this psychological stressor can negatively impact their mental health, leading to burnout and compassion fatigue. This study describes healthcare providers experiences of moral distress working in long-term care settings during the COVID-19 pandemic and measures self-reported levels of moral distress pre- and post-implementation of the Dementia Isolation Toolkit (DIT), a person-centred care intervention designed for use by healthcare providers to alleviate moral distress...
April 18, 2024: BMC Health Services Research
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cassandra Muller, Lyndon Gallacher, Louise Keogh, Aideen McInerney-Leo, Tiffany Boughtwood, Penny Gleeson, Kristine Barlow-Stewart, Martin B Delatycki, Ingrid Winship, Kristen J Nowak, Margaret Otlowski, Paul Lacaze, Jane Tiller
Genetic testing can provide valuable information to mitigate personal disease risk, but the use of genetic results in life insurance underwriting is known to deter many consumers from pursuing genetic testing. In 2019, following Australian Federal Parliamentary Inquiry recommendations, the Financial Services Council (FSC) introduced an industry-led partial moratorium, prohibiting life insurance companies from using genetic test results for policies up to $AUD500,000. We used semi-structured interviews to explore genetic test consumers' experiences and views about the FSC moratorium and the use of genetic results by life insurers...
April 19, 2024: European Journal of Human Genetics: EJHG
#30
Yuen-Ting Wong, Stewart Morrison
INTRODUCTION: Footcare is an important component of wellbeing in older adults and the promotion of appropriate footcare interventions is imperative for health professionals working with this population. In this scoping review, we describe the health promotion models informing footcare interventions for older people. The objectives were to (i) understand the context(s) where health promotion models have informed footcare interventions; (ii) identify the health promotion models informing interventions; and (iii) document the effectiveness of theoretically informed health promotion interventions for improving footcare in older adults...
April 18, 2024: Gerontology
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Brand, Dabin Yeum, Tessa Stewart, Jennifer A Emond, Diane Gilbert-Diamond
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether attentional bias to food cues and appetitive traits are independently and interactively associated with adiposity in adolescents. METHOD: Eighty-five adolescents, 14-17-years had their attentional bias to food images measured in a sated state by computing eye tracking measures of attention (first fixation duration, cumulative fixation duration) to food and control distractor images that bordered a computer game. Parents reported adolescent appetitive traits including the food approach domains of enjoyment of food, food responsiveness, emotional overeating, and the food avoidance domains of satiety responsiveness and emotional overeating through the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire...
April 4, 2024: Eating Behaviors
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Orri Smárason, Robert R Selles, Davíð R M A Højgaard, John R Best, Karin Melin, Tord Ivarsson, Per Hove Thomsen, Bernhard Weidle, Nicole Michelle McBride, Eric A Storch, Daniel Geller, Sabine Wilhelm, Lara J Farrell, Allison M Waters, Sharna Mathieu, Noam Soreni, S Evelyn Stewart, Gudmundur Skarphedinsson
Given diverse symptom expression and high rates of comorbid conditions, the present study explored underlying commonalities among OCD-affected children and adolescents to better conceptualize disorder presentation and associated features. Data from 830 OCD-affected participants presenting to OCD specialty centers was aggregated. Dependent mixture modeling was used to examine latent clusters based on their age- and gender adjusted symptom severity (as measured by the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale; CY-BOCS), symptom type (as measured by factor scores calculated from the CY-BOCS symptom checklist), and comorbid diagnoses (as assessed via diagnostic interviews)...
April 18, 2024: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anand Brahmandam, Joshua Huttler, Kirthi Bellamkonda, Ocean Setia, Jonathan A Cardella, William Stewart, Raul J Guzman, Cassius Iyad Ochoa Chaar
OBJECTIVE: Common femoral artery (CFA) access is commonly used for endovascular interventions. Access site complications contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. This study characterizes the radiographic variability in the relationship of the femoral head, the inguinal ligament, and the CFA bifurcation, to identify the zone of optimal CFA access. METHODS: Human cadaver dissection of the inguinal ligament and CFA bifurcation was performed. The inguinal ligament and CFA bifurcation were marked with radiopaque pins and plain anteroposterior radiographs were obtained...
2024: Journal of vascular surgery. Vascular science
#34
Farayi Kaseke, Lovemore Gwanzura, Cuthbert Musarurwa, Elizabeth Gori, Tawanda Nyengerai, Timothy Kaseke, Aimee Stewart
BACKGROUND: In this longitudinal study, we aimed to determine factors influencing survival outcomes among patients with stroke over a 12-month period. The investigation sought to uncover influential determinants to enhance the precision of prognostic assessments and inform targeted interventions for individuals affected by strokes. METHODS: Employing a longitudinal study design, participants were observed for 12 months from baseline, censoring survivors at the endpoint...
April 3, 2024: medRxiv
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah M Stewart, Rod Polkinghorne, David W Pethick, Liselotte Pannier
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 2024: Animal frontiers: the review magazine of animal agriculture
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicola J Wyatt, Hannah Watson, Carl A Anderson, Nicholas A Kennedy, Tim Raine, Tariq Ahmad, Dean Allerton, Michelle Bardgett, Emma Clark, Dawn Clewes, Cristina Cotobal Martin, Mary Doona, Jennifer A Doyle, Katherine Frith, Helen C Hancock, Ailsa L Hart, Victoria Hildreth, Peter M Irving, Sameena Iqbal, Ciara Kennedy, Andrew King, Sarah Lawrence, Charlie W Lees, Robert Lees, Laura Letchford, Trevor Liddle, James O Lindsay, Rebecca H Maier, John C Mansfield, Julian R Marchesi, Naomi McGregor, Rebecca E McIntyre, Jasmin Ostermayer, Tolulope Osunnuyi, Nick Powell, Natalie J Prescott, Jack Satsangi, Shriya Sharma, Tara Shrestha, Ally Speight, Michelle Strickland, James Ms Wason, Kevin Whelan, Ruth Wood, Gregory R Young, Xinyue Zhang, Miles Parkes, Christopher J Stewart, Luke Jostins-Dean, Christopher A Lamb
INTRODUCTION: Characterised by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms including diarrhoea, abdominal pain and fatigue can significantly impact patient's quality of life. Therapeutic developments in the last 20 years have revolutionised treatment. However, clinical trials and real-world data show primary non-response rates up to 40%. A significant challenge is an inability to predict which treatment will benefit individual patients...
April 17, 2024: BMJ Open
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Josipa Raguz, Catarina Pinto, Theresa Pölzlbauer, Mohamed Habbeddine, Sandra Rosskopf, Judith Strauß, Valentin Just, Sarah Schmidt, Katell Bidet Huang, Felix Stemeseder, Timo Schippers, Ethan Stewart, Jakub Jez, Pedro Berraondo, Klaus K Orlinger, Henning Lauterbach
BACKGROUND: Engineered arenavirus vectors have recently been developed to leverage the body's immune system in the fight against chronic viral infections and cancer. Vectors based on Pichinde virus (artPICV) and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (artLCMV) encoding a non-oncogenic fusion protein of human papillomavirus (HPV)16 E6 and E7 are currently being tested in patients with HPV16+ cancer, showing a favorable safety and tolerability profile and unprecedented expansion of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells...
April 17, 2024: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yidongfang Si, Andrew L Stewart, Alessandro Silvano, Alberto C Naveira Garabato
Elevated ice shelf melt rates in West Antarctica have been attributed to transport of warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) onto the continental shelf via bathymetric troughs. These inflows are supplied by an eastward, subsurface slope current (referred to as the Antarctic Slope Undercurrent) that opposes the westward momentum input from local winds and tides. Despite its importance to basal melt, the mechanism via which the undercurrent forms, and thus what controls the shoreward heat transport, remains unclear...
April 19, 2024: Science Advances
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yun-An Lim, Li Si Tan, Wei Thye Lee, Wei Liang Sim, Yang Lv, Maki Takakuni, Satoshi Saito, Masafumi Ihara, Thiruma Valavan Arumugam, Christopher Chen, Fred Wai-Shiu Wong, Gavin Stewart Dawe
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second leading cause of dementia with limited treatment options, characterised by cerebral hypoperfusion-induced white matter rarefaction (WMR). Subcortical VCI is the most common form of VCI, but the underlying reasons for region susceptibility remain elusive. Recent studies employing the bilateral cortical artery stenosis (BCAS) method demonstrate that various inflammasomes regulate white matter injury and blood-brain barrier dysfunction but whether caspase-1 inhibition will be beneficial remains unclear...
2024: PloS One
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathew Stewart, Eric Andrieux, James Blinkhorn, Maria Guagnin, Ricardo Fernandes, Nils Vanwezer, Amy Hatton, Mesfer Alqahtani, Iyad Zalmout, Richard Clark-Wilson, Yahya S A Al-Mufarreh, Mahmoud Al-Shanti, Badr Zahrani, Abdulaziz Al Omari, Faisal Al-Jibreen, Abdullah M Alsharekh, Eleanor M L Scerri, Nicole Boivin, Michael D Petraglia, Huw S Groucutt
Recent advances in interdisciplinary archaeological research in Arabia have focused on the evolution and historical development of regional human populations as well as the diverse patterns of cultural change, migration, and adaptations to environmental fluctuations. Obtaining a comprehensive understanding of cultural developments such as the emergence and lifeways of Neolithic groups has been hindered by the limited preservation of stratified archaeological assemblages and organic remains, a common challenge in arid environments...
2024: PloS One
Make the most of Read.
Download the mobile app.
Download the mobile app.
Fetching more papers... 
