Møbius

For an accurate modeling of natural rainbows, it is necessary to take into account the flattened shape of falling raindrops. Larger drops do also oscillate, and their axes exhibit tilt angles with respect to the vertical. In this paper, I will discuss two rare rainbow phenomena that are influenced by these effects: bright spots belonging to various rainbow orders, but appearing at remarkable angular distances from their traditional locations, as well as triple-split primary rainbows. While the former have not been observed in nature so far, the latter have been documented in a few photographs...

Inorganic semiconductors are vital for a number of critical applications but are almost universally brittle. Here, we report the superplastic deformability of indium selenide (InSe). Bulk single-crystalline InSe can be compressed by orders of magnitude and morphed into a Möbius strip or a simple origami at room temperature. The exceptional plasticity of this two-dimensional van der Waals inorganic semiconductor is attributed to the interlayer gliding and cross-layer dislocation slip that are mediated by the long-range In-Se Coulomb interaction across the van der Waals gap and soft intralayer In-Se bonding...

Chern insulators (CIs) or quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) states have drawn more attention, with emergence of quantized Hall conductance but in absence of Landau levels. Here, we study the Haldane-type CI/QAH states on Möbius strips and focus on the quantum transport properties. The Möbius strips can be constructed from the twisted honeycomb-lattice strips with domain walls. Topological properties of the Möbius CI/QAH states can be identified by the local density of states, the real-space Chern numbers and the transport properties...

This study assesses the dosimetric leaf gap (DLG) correction factor in Mobius3D commissioning affected by a couch top platform and calculates the optimal DLG value according to the point dose difference function. DLG optimizations were performed for 3 LINAC machines and a total of 30 patient volumetric modulated arc therapy plans (i.e., 10 plans per each LINAC). Point dose calculations were performed using an automatic dose calculation system in Mobius3D as well as Mobis3D calculation using a Mobius Verification Phantom (MVP)-based quality assurance plan with a carbon fiber couch top...

BACKGROUND: Knee joint arthrodesis is an established treatment for periprosthetic infections (PPI) providing stability and pain relief. In this study the outcome after arthrodesis of the knee joint for persistent infections was compared and evaluated depending on the surgical procedure (intramedullary vs. extramedullary). MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a retrospective case analysis, all patients who underwent knee joint arthrodesis between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2016 were identified and divided into two groups: IMA and EMA...

BACKGROUND: Treatment options for major depressive disorder (MDD) in individuals who are depressed for at least 2 years and failed two or more different types of therapeutic intervention, remain scarce. Being less invasive than electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) might be an alternative treatment option. RESEARCH QUESTION: Does high frequency rTMS applied over the left prefrontal cortex ameliorate depressive symptoms in patients with treatment resistant major depressive disorder and is the efficacy dependent on treatment resistance? METHOD: We performed a randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of twenty sessions of real or sham-rTMS, during 4 consecutive weeks...

Two-fold transfer of chirality has been investigated in a Möbius Zn(ii) hexaphyrin metallo-receptor able to bind simultaneously two different chiral molecules. Match/mismatch effects influence the dynamic stereoselective twisting of the π-system, and allow tuning of the induced chiroptical activity. Such allosteric control is attractive for building chirality sensing systems.

By employing the dissociation energy and equilibrium bond length as explicit parameters, we obtained the improved generalized Mobius square potential (IGMSP) model. We also defined the IGMSP parameters in terms of the molecular spectroscopic parameters. The IGMSP has been used to model inter-nuclear interaction potential curves for different diatomic hydrides. Furthermore, we have obtained the ro-vibrational energy spectra of the IGMSP model, both analytically and numerically for the selected diatomic hydrides...

Inner hair cells (IHCs) are the primary receptors for hearing. They are housed in the cochlea and convey sound information to the brain via synapses with the auditory nerve. IHCs have been thought to be electrically and metabolically independent from each other. We report that, upon developmental maturation, in mice 30% of the IHCs are electrochemically coupled in 'mini-syncytia'. This coupling permits transfer of fluorescently-labeled metabolites and macromolecular tracers. The membrane capacitance, Ca2+ -current, and resting current increase with the number of dye-coupled IHCs...

Mitochondrial function is critically dependent on the folding of the mitochondrial inner membrane into cristae; indeed, numerous human diseases are associated with aberrant crista morphologies. With the MICOS complex, OPA1 and the F1 Fo -ATP synthase, key players of cristae biogenesis have been identified, yet their interplay is poorly understood. Harnessing super-resolution light and 3D electron microscopy, we dissect the roles of these proteins in the formation of cristae in human mitochondria. We individually disrupted the genes of all seven MICOS subunits in human cells and re-expressed Mic10 or Mic60 in the respective knockout cell line...

In patients with aortic stenosis (AS), a novel staging classification of extra-valvular left and right heart damage with prognostic relevance was introduced in 2017. The aim of the study was to evaluate the biomarkers of cardiovascular tissue remodelling in relation to this novel staging classification. Patients were categorized according to the novel staging classification into stages 0 to 4. The levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1), B and C domain containing tenascin-C (B+ Tn-C, C+ Tn-C), the ED-A and ED-B domain containing fibronectin (ED-A+ Fn, ED-B+ Fn), endothelin 1 (ET-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were determined in serum by ELISA...

Optical singularities in nonparaxial structured light are currently of special interest. Here we study polarization Möbius strips on elliptical paths surrounding lines of circular polarization in fully three-dimensional fields. We find that as the eccentricity, azimuthal orientation, or centering of the path changes, right-handed Möbius strips can change into left-handed ones, and vice versa, and that Möbius strips with one half twist can change into strips with three half twists, and vice versa. These transformations are shown to occur in a possibly unexpected way, not observed previously, that is universal for all two-component singularities...

Cyclacene nanobelts have not been synthesized in over 60 years and remain one of the last unsynthesized building blocks of carbon nanotubes. Recent work has predicted that Hückel-cyclacenes containing Dewar benzenoid ring isomers are the most stable isomeric forms for several of the smaller sizes of cyclacene belt. Here we give a more complete picture of the isomers that are possible within these nanobelt systems by simulating embedded Ladenburg (prismane) benzenoids in Hückel-[n]cyclacenes (n = 5-14), and embedded Dewar benzenoids in twisted Möbius-[n]cyclacenes (n = 9-14)...

PURPOSE: Transplantation programs are worldwide burdened by the limited availability of suitable donor hearts, despite extending the donation criteria. Organ donation after circulatory death (DCD) became a reliable alternative over the past few years. Nevertheless, the grafts fetched as DCDs are submitted to a further ischemic insult due to the progressive hypoxia and circulatory arrest occurring between withdrawal of care and declaration of death. Although diverse storage and perfusion strategies exist to preserve DCD hearts, no direct comparison has yet been performed...

A new flexible and divergent 1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-picolinamide (tzpa) ligand 2 and the half-equivalent model ligand 1, both functionalised with pendant 3-pyridyl groups, are reported and their coordination behaviour with silver(i) ions is explored, both in the crystalline phase and through the formation of a supramolecular metallogel. The self-assembly of tzpa ligand 1 with AgCF3SO3 resulted in the formation of a 1D coordination polymer, binding in a bidentate fashion through the pyridyl and triazole nitrogen atoms of the tzpa binding site and a pendant pyridyl nitrogen atom of an adjacent ligand...

By harnessing a highly efficient metal-catalysed tandem cycloaddition reaction as the key benzannulation step, a series of cyclopolyarene nanorings of varied sizes are obtained from poly(arylene-butadiynylene) macrocyclic precursors, which can be synthesized relatively conveniently. Interestingly, due to the nonparallel bond connectivity of the repeat unit, unique Möbius topology is manifested by the cyclopolyarene nanorings composed of an odd number of repeat units, whereas cylindrical tubular structures with radial conjugation are formed with those consisting of an even number of repeat units...

OBJECTIVE: Appearance-related interpretation bias is postulated to play a role in the maintenance of body dissatisfaction (BD), a risk factor for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and eating disorders (ED). Cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I) has been shown to reduce maladaptive interpretation bias and symptoms in various emotional disorders. This study investigated the acceptability and efficacy of an easily disseminable, web-based CBM-I program for BD. METHODS: Individuals with high BD (N = 318) were randomized to a multi-session CBM-I (Sentence Word Association Paradigm [SWAP] with feedback) vs...

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition caused by protein and vitamin deficiencies is a significant negative prognostic factor in surgical wound healing disorders and infections. Particularly in elective surgery, preoperative compensation of deficiencies is advisable to avoid negative postoperative consequences. This study examined the nutritional and protein balance of patients with periprosthetic hip and knee joint infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with periprosthetic hip or knee joint infections constituted the study group (SG)...

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BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles are released upon cellular activation and mediate inter-cellular communication. Individual species of extracellular vesicles might have divergent roles in vascular homeostasis and may show different responses to therapies such as exercise training. AIMS: We examine endothelial effects of medium-size and small extracellular vesicles from the same individual with or without chronic coronary syndrome, and in chronic coronary syndrome patients participating in a four-week high-intensity interval training intervention...