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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with knowledge and practices related to menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in urban slums in Jaipur, India. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study among 417 adolescent girls was conducted. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to analyze the data and determine the associated factors. FINDINGS: Only 48...

INTRODUCTION: It is a proven fact that women are affected by poor mental health predominantly in the postnatal period. This is authenticated by the use of a validated and tested Edinburg Postnatal Depression scale (EPNS), which is a simple tool to measure depression among women after delivery by posing 10 questions and this is also validated in Odia language. Odisha has made laudable progress in delivering Maternal and Child Health care to women even in tribal-dominated districts through its robust Comprehensive Obstetrics care network restricting home delivery almost to a mere 4%-5% and reducing maternal deaths by 60%-70% as per the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) is suboptimal because of the disease's life-threatening nature, the requirement for long-term lifestyle modifications, and the treatment regimens following MI. This study aimed to evaluate HRQOL and its associated factors in MI patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was conducted on patients with MI who attended the outpatient cardiology clinic at a major teaching hospital in Jordan...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the detection rate of clinically significant results of prenatal exome sequencing (pES) in low-risk pregnancies and apparently normal fetuses in non-consanguineous couples. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of pES conducted at a single center from January 2020 to September 2023 was performed. Genetic counseling was provided, and detailed medical histories were obtained. High-risk pregnancies were excluded due to major ultrasound anomalies, sonographic soft markers, abnormal maternal biochemical screening, or family history suggestive of monogenic diseases as well as cases with pathogenic and likely pathogenic (P/LP) chromosomal microarray results...

The internet, particularly social media, has become a popular resource for learning about health and investigating one's own health conditions. The development of AI chatbots has been fueled by the increasing availability of digital health data and advances in natural language processing techniques. While these chatbots are more accessible than before, they sometimes fail to provide accurate information. We used representative chatbots currently available (ChatGPT-3.5, Bing Chat, and Google Bard) to answer questions commonly asked by brain tumor patients...

BACKGROUND: The application of precision medicine in clinical practice implies a thorough evaluation of actionable genomic alterations to streamline therapeutic decision making. Comprehensive genomic profiling of tumor via next-generation sequencing (NGS) represents a great opportunity but also several challenges. During the 2023 San Raffaele Retreat, we aimed to provide expert recommendations for the optimal use of NGS in urothelial carcinoma (UC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A modified Delphi method was utilized, involving a panel of 12 experts in UC from European and United States centers, including oncologists, urologists, pathologists, and translational scientists...

OBJECTIVE: Explore factors influencing patient comfort with and perceived helpfulness of screening for health-related social needs. METHODS: In a parallel secondary mixed-methods analysis of data from three primary care clinics, we used logistic regression to examine effects of practice- and patient-level factors on comfort with and perceived helpfulness of social needs screening. We applied narrative analysis to 20 patient interviews to further understand how patients' lived experiences influenced their perceptions of screening...

This paper analyses the prenatal representations on motherhood of 15 Spanish primiparous women who were in the dilemma of whether or not to continue with their pregnancies. Based on a qualitative methodological approach, semi-structured interviews were carried out which included in their design theoretical approaches of the so-called Maternal Constellation of Daniel Stern (1997). Through a content analysis of the interviews, an absence of mental representations of the baby in terms of both physical and characterological appearance was found in the sample, possibly due to the emotional impact generated by the news of the pregnancy...

INTRODUCTION: Attempts have been made to identify the genetic factors related to susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the current conclusions are in favor of a complex pathology model, without a clear hereditary pattern. OBJECTIVE: To perform phenotypic and genotypic characterization of patients with IBD in Colombian population and to describe its possible association with predisposition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: case series, 16 patients with IBD according to clinical and pathological criteria, onset of gastrointestinal symptoms after 18 years of age...

BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the effect of body mass index (BMI) on complications following anatomic shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) remains controversial. This high-powered study examines the effect of BMI on surgical and medical complications following anatomic shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Premier Healthcare Database (PHD) to query all adult patients who underwent primary, elective TSA (aTSA, rTSA) from 2016 to 2020...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to elucidate clinical implications of genetic variant interpretation in assessing disease severity and progression in thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) patients. METHODS: Consecutive TAAD patients with aortic root and/or ascending aortic aneurysms seen between 2011 and 2020 were included. Serial echocardiography, family history of TAAD, and management information were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patients were classified into gene-positive (Gen-P), variants of uncertain significance, and gene-negative (Gen-N) groups...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore how moral accountability is navigated when clinicians talk about parental behaviors to support the health of the hospitalized child. METHODS: We conducted a secondary data analysis of 74 conversations during daily rounds video recorded as part of a randomized controlled trial of an intervention to advance family-centered rounds in one children's hospital. Conversations involving children under the age 18 who were cared for by a pediatric hospitalist service, pulmonary service, or hematology/oncology service were recorded...

OBJECTIVE: Screening for perinatal depression is recommended by many guidelines to reduce the disease burden, but current implementation practices require clarification. METHOD: Fifteen databases were searched for observational studies using a pre-tested search strategy. In addition, the websites of academic organizations were searched for guidelines, recommendations, and reports. Literature published between January 1, 2010, and December 19, 2021, in either English or Chinese, was included...

Among individuals with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) 5-10% have a pathogenic germline variant (PGV) in a PDAC susceptibility gene. Guidelines recommend genetic testing among all individuals with PDAC. Additionally, at-risk relatives of PDAC patients benefit from their own genetic education, risk assessment, and testing. Multigene panel testing (MGPT) can identify individuals with inherited cancer risk who can benefit from early cancer surveillance and risk reduction strategies. This manuscript discusses various healthcare delivery models for MGPT including traditional in-person genetic counseling, novel integrated in-person infrastructures, telemedicine genetics care via telephone- or video-visits and direct-to-consumer testing...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim was assessing a short training for healthcare providers on patient-focused counselling to treat childhood obesity in primary care, along with dietitian-led workshops and educational materials. METHODS: Randomized clustered trial conducted with paediatrician-nurse pairs (Basic Care Units [BCU]) in primary care centres from Tarragona (Spain). BCUs were randomized to intervention (MI) (motivational interview, dietitian-led education, and educational materials) or control group (SC, standard care)...

BACKGROUND: Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a multisystem genetic disorder, and cases caused by variants in the structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 3 (SMC3) gene are uncommon. Here, we report two cases of CdLS associated with novel pathogenic variants in SMC3 from two Chinese families. METHODS: Clinical presentations of two patients with CdLS were evaluated, and specimens from the patients and other family members were collected for Trio-based whole-exome sequencing...

BACKGROUND: Plant-based diets are not inherently healthy. Similar to omnivorous diets, they may contain excessive amounts of sugar, sodium, and saturated fats, or lack diversity. Moreover, vegans might be at risk of inadequate intake of certain vitamins and minerals commonly found in foods that they avoid. We developed the VEGANScreener, a tool designed to assess the diet quality of vegans in Europe. METHODS: Our approach combined best practices in developing diet quality metrics with scale development approaches and involved the following: (a) narrative literature synthesis, (b) evidence evaluation by an international panel of experts, and (c) translation of evidence into a diet screener...

Hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus type 2 are among the most important metabolic diseases globally. Diet plays a vital role in the development and progression of both clinical pictures. For the 10-week randomized, controlled, intervention study, 67 subjects with elevated plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations (≥1.7 mmol/L) and 69 subjects with elevated fasting glucose concentrations (≥5.6 < 7.0 mmol/L) were recruited. The intervention groups received specially developed, individualized menu plans and regular counseling sessions to lower (A) TG or (B) fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c as well as other cardiovascular and diabetic risk factors...