keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505467/non-invasive-prediction-of-overall-survival-time-for-glioblastoma-multiforme-patients-based-on-multimodal-mri-radiomics
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingyu Zhu, Jianming Ye, Leshui Dong, Xiaofei Ma, Na Tang, Peng Xu, Wei Jin, Ruipeng Li, Guang Yang, Xiaobo Lai
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and deadly primary malignant brain tumor. As GBM tumor is aggressive and shows high biological heterogeneity, the overall survival (OS) time is extremely low even with the most aggressive treatment. If the OS time can be predicted before surgery, developing personalized treatment plans for GBM patients will be beneficial. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a commonly used diagnostic tool for brain tumors with high-resolution and sound imaging effects. However, in clinical practice, doctors mainly rely on manually segmenting the tumor regions in MRI and predicting the OS time of GBM patients, which is time-consuming, subjective and repetitive, limiting the effectiveness of clinical diagnosis and treatment...
July 2023: International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499326/aberrant-dna-methylation-distorts-developmental-trajectories-in-atypical-teratoid-rhabdoid-tumors
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meeri Pekkarinen, Kristiina Nordfors, Joonas Uusi-Mäkelä, Ville Kytölä, Anja Hartewig, Laura Huhtala, Minna Rauhala, Henna Urhonen, Sergei Häyrynen, Ebrahim Afyounian, Olli Yli-Harja, Wei Zhang, Pauli Helen, Olli Lohi, Hannu Haapasalo, Joonas Haapasalo, Matti Nykter, Juha Kesseli, Kirsi J Rautajoki
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RTs) are pediatric brain tumors known for their aggressiveness and aberrant but still unresolved epigenetic regulation. To better understand their malignancy, we investigated how AT/RT-specific DNA hypermethylation was associated with gene expression and altered transcription factor binding and how it is linked to upstream regulation. Medulloblastomas, choroid plexus tumors, pluripotent stem cells, and fetal brain were used as references. A part of the genomic regions, which were hypermethylated in AT/RTs similarly as in pluripotent stem cells and demethylated in the fetal brain, were targeted by neural transcriptional regulators...
June 2024: Life Science Alliance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498249/novel-car-t-cells-targeting-trkb-for-the-treatment-of-solid-cancer
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dandan Liang, Jie Tang, Bin Sun, Shuai He, Dong Yang, Haiyan Ma, Yuncang Yun, Yongjie Zhu, Wenwen Wei, Haiyang Chen, Xudong Zhao
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is highly effective for treating blood cancers such as B-cell malignancies, however, its effectiveness as an approach to treat solid tumors remains to be further explored. Here, we focused on the development of CAR-T cell therapies targeting tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B (TRKB), a highly expressed protein that is significantly associated with tumor progression, malignancy, and drug resistance in multiple forms of aggressive solid tumors. To achieve this, we screened brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin 4 (NTF4) ligand-based CAR-T cells for their efficiency in targeting the TRKB receptor in the context of solid tumors, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer...
March 18, 2024: Apoptosis: An International Journal on Programmed Cell Death
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496911/radiotherapy-intensification-for-atypical-and-malignant-meningiomas-a-systematic-review
#24
REVIEW
Simona Gaito, Love Goyal, Romelie Rieu, Anna France, Neil G Burnet, Claire Barker, Shermaine Pan, Rovel J Colaco, Giuseppe Minniti, Federico Roncaroli, Ed Smith, Marianne Aznar, Gillian Whitfield
BACKGROUND: The outcomes of nonbenign (WHO Grades 2 and 3 [G2, G3]) meningiomas are suboptimal and radiotherapy (RT) dose intensification strategies have been investigated. The purpose of this review is to report on clinical practice and outcomes with particular attention to RT doses and techniques. METHODS: The PICO criteria (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes) were used to frame the research question, directed at outlining the clinical outcomes in patients with G2-3 meningiomas treated with RT...
April 2024: Neuro-oncology Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496907/final-report-of-the-phase-ii-next-cns-gct-4-trial-gempox-followed-by-marrow-ablative-chemotherapy-for-recurrent-intracranial-germ-cell-tumors
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Margaret Shatara, Megan Blue, Joseph Stanek, Yin A Liu, Daniel M Prevedello, Pierre Giglio, Vinay K Puduvalli, Sharon L Gardner, Jeffrey C Allen, Kenneth K Wong, Marvin D Nelson, Floyd H Gilles, Roberta H Adams, Jasmine Pauly, Katrina O'Halloran, Ashley S Margol, Girish Dhall, Jonathan L Finlay
BACKGROUND: Patients with relapsed intracranial germinoma can achieve durable remission with standard chemotherapy regimens and/or reirradiation; however, innovative therapies are required for patients with relapsed and/or refractory intracranial nongerminomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs) due to their poor prognosis. Improved outcomes have been reported using reinduction chemotherapy to achieve minimal residual disease, followed by marrow-ablative chemotherapy (HDCx) with autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell rescue (AuHPCR)...
April 2024: Neuro-oncology Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496115/a-rare-case-of-duodenal-adenocarcinoma-with-brain-metastasis
#26
Hariharasudan Mani, Alisha Hossain, Elsie Lee, Muhammad Rizvi
Small bowel malignancies are relatively rare, accounting for only 3% of all gastrointestinal cancers. Duodenum is the most common location among small bowel cancers, followed by Jejunum and then Ileum. Duodenal adenocarcinoma produces vague symptoms, leading to late presentation and a poor prognosis compared to similarly staged colon cancer. It is rare to have brain metastasis in duodenal adenocarcinoma, and not many case reports have been reported. Only approximately 6% of patients with gastrointestinal malignancy have brain metastasis...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496035/feeder-free-differentiation-of-human-ipscs-into-natural-killer-cells-with-cytotoxic-potential-against-malignant-brain-rhabdoid-tumor-cells
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sonia Kiran, Yu Xue, Drishty B Sarker, Yan Li, Qing-Xiang Amy Sang
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic immune cells that can eliminate target cells without prior stimulation. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a robust source of NK cells for safe and effective cell-based immunotherapy against aggressive cancers. In this in vitro study, a feeder-free iPSC differentiation was performed to obtain iPSC-NK cells, and distinct maturational stages of iPSC-NK were characterized. Mature cells of CD56bright CD16bright phenotype showed upregulation of CD56, CD16, and NK cell activation markers NKG2D and NKp46 upon IL-15 exposure, while exposure to aggressive atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) cell lines enhanced NKG2D and NKp46 expression...
June 2024: Bioactive Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495835/prognostic-biomarker-hif1%C3%AE-and-its-correlation-with-immune-infiltration-in-gliomas
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zihan Ding, Jiaming Zhang, Lin Li, Chunliang Wang, Jinhong Mei
Certain glioma subtypes, such as glioblastoma multiforme or low-grade glioma, are common malignant intracranial tumors with high rates of relapse and malignant progression even after standard therapy. The overall survival (OS) is poor in patients with gliomas; hence, effective prognostic prediction is crucial. Herein, the present study aimed to explore the potential role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1α) in gliomas and investigate the association between HIF1α and infiltrating immune cells in gliomas...
May 2024: Oncology Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495199/tumor-infiltrating-cd8-sub-populations-in-primary-and-recurrent-glioblastoma-an-in-silico-study
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad, Adib Miraki Feriz, Behzad Baradaran, Hossein Safarpour
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains an incurable primary brain tumor. CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can target malignant cells; however, their anti-tumoral immune responses mostly do not lead to GBM rejection in GBM patients. We profiled the sub-populations of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T-cells, i.e., naïve, cytotoxic, and exhausted cells, in primary and recurrent GBM tissues and provided a blueprint for future precision-based GBM immunotherapy. METHOD: We re-analyzed the raw data of single-cell RNA sequencing on the cells residing in the GBM microenvironment and leveraged tumor bulk RNA analyses to study the significance of CD8+ TILs sub-populations in primary and recurrent GBM...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495012/intratumoral-histological-and-molecular-heterogeneity-in-an-adult-diffuse-glioma
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trishhani Yogaretnam, Josephine Heffernan, Rosa Leung, Ciara Heeney, Andrea Walsh, Seamus Looby, John Caird, Francesca M Brett
Adult-type diffuse gliomas are the most prevalent type of malignant adult brain tumors. Intratumoral heterogeneity can hinder accurate diagnosis and subsequent treatment. This case report documents a tumor with intratumoral heterogeneity, both histologically and by methylation analysis, located within the left cerebral hemisphere of a 29-year-old female. She presented after a witnessed generalized tonic clonic seizure at home. Two years prior she had a witnessed seizure; however, no brain imaging was done at the time...
March 15, 2024: Clinical Neuropathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493942/electrochemical-biosensors-for-early-diagnosis-of-glioblastoma
#31
REVIEW
Hamid Vatankhahan, Farnaz Esteki, Mohammad Amin Jabalameli, Pouria Kiani, Sajad Ehtiati, Ahmad Movahedpour, Omid Vakili, Seyyed Hossein Khatami
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and life-threatening neurological malignancy of predominant astrocyte origin. This type of neoplasm can develop in either the brain or the spine and is also known as glioblastoma multiforme. Although current diagnostic methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) facilitate tumor location, these approaches are unable to assess disease severity. Furthermore, interpretation of imaging studies requires significant expertise which can have substantial inter-observer variability thus challenging diagnosis and potentially delaying treatment...
March 15, 2024: Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490940/pet-ct-in-comparison-with-pet-mri-as-an-imaging-modality-in-the-management-of-gliomas-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#32
REVIEW
Bareq S Al-Lami, Baqer S Al-Lami, Yasir S Al-Lami
INTRODUCTION: Gliomas are the most commonly occurring type of primary brain tumors. They account for 32% of all brain tumors and 80% of all malignant intracranial tumors. Gliomas are separated into four grades according to the World Health Organization. While low-grade gliomas generally have a favorable outlook, high-grade gliomas cause significant morbidity and mortality Given the lack of clarity about the causes of gliomas and their potential lethality, early diagnosis and identification is crucial...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486486/a-benzarone-derivative-inhibits-eya-to-suppress-tumor-growth-in-shh-medulloblastoma
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Grace H Hwang, Maria F Pazyra-Murphy, Hyuk-Soo Seo, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, Sylwia A Stopka, Marina DiPiazza, Nizhoni Sutter, Thomas W Gero, Alison Volkert, Lincoln Ombelets, Georgia Dittemore, Matthew G Rees, Melissa M Ronan, Jennifer A Roth, Nathalie Y R Agar, David A Scott, Rosalind A Segal
UNLABELLED: Medulloblastoma is one of the most common malignant brain tumors of children, and 30% of medulloblastomas are driven by gain-of-function genetic lesions in the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway. EYA1, a haloacid dehalogenase phosphatase and transcription factor, is critical for tumorigenesis and proliferation of SHH medulloblastoma (SHH-MB). Benzarone and benzbromarone have been identified as allosteric inhibitors of EYA proteins. Using benzarone as a point of departure, we developed a panel of 35 derivatives and tested them in SHH-MB...
March 15, 2024: Cancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484372/-brain-tumor-surgery-in-adults
#34
REVIEW
György Attila Bagó, Gergő Dávid Nagy
Despite the advanced medical and radiation therapy, the role of surgical resection of brain neoplasms still remains indisputable. The maximal safe resection of benign brain tumors may result in complete recovery of the patient. Surgery of malignant tumors can resolve mass effect, improve the neurological condition of the patient providing the possibility for further complex oncotherapy based on molecular level histopathology results. The advances in technical and multidisciplinary environment of brain tumor surgery facilitate more radical and safer resection resulting in better outcomes and preservation of quality of life, even in case of tumors which were considered inoperable until recently...
March 14, 2024: Magyar Onkologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483604/unveiling-the-role-of-pygb-in-pancreatic-cancer-a-novel-diagnostic-biomarker-and-gene-therapy-target
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li-Kun Ren, Ri-Shang Lu, Xiao-Bin Fei, Shao-Jie Chen, Peng Liu, Chang-Hao Zhu, Xing Wang, Yao-Zhen Pan
PURPOSE: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant tumor that poses a severe threat to human health. Brain glycogen phosphorylase (PYGB) breaks down glycogen and provides an energy source for tumor cells. Although PYGB has been reported in several tumors, its role in PC remains unclear. METHODS: We constructed a risk diagnostic model of PC-related genes by WGCNA and LASSO regression and found PYGB, an essential gene in PC. Then, we explored the pro-carcinogenic role of PYGB in PC by in vivo and in vitro experiments...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481945/adult-supratentorial-extraventricular-anaplastic-ependymoma-with-cerebrospinal-fluid-dissemination-metastases-a-case-report
#36
Daojin Zhang, Hongbing Liu, Maosong Zhang, Jun Cao
BACKGROUND: Ependymomas mostly locate in the infratentorial region and often occur in children. Anaplastic ependymomas account for 45-47% of supratentorial and 15-17% of infratentorial ependymomas, also known as malignant ependymomas. Adult supratentorial extraventricular anaplastic ependymoma (SEAE) is rare in clinical practice, and only a few cases have been reported so far, and there is no clinical study with large sample size. We report a case of adult supratentorial extraventricular anaplastic ependymoma in the occipital lobe with cerebrospinal fluid dissemination metastases...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481068/theory-and-application-of-ttfields-in-newly-diagnosed-glioblastoma
#37
REVIEW
Ao Yu, Juan Zeng, Jinhui Yu, Shuo Cao, Ailin Li
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. TTFields is a therapy that use intermediate-frequency and low-intensity alternating electric fields to treat tumors. For patients with ndGBM, the addition of TTFields after the concurrent chemoradiotherapy phase of the Stupp regimen can improve prognosis. However, TTFields still has the potential to further prolong the survival of ndGBM patients. AIM: By summarizing the mechanism and application status of TTFields in the treatment of ndGBM, the application prospect of TTFields in ndbm treatment is prospected...
March 2024: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38480976/adeno-associated-virus-mediated-trastuzumab-delivery-to-the-central-nervous-system-for-human-epidermal-growth-factor-receptor-2-brain-metastasis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcela S Werner, Shweta Aras, Ashleigh R Morgan, Jillian Roamer, Nesteene J Param, Kanyin Olagbegi, R Jason Lamontagne, Jenny A Greig, James M Wilson
Trastuzumab improves overall survival for HER2+ breast cancer, but its short half-life in the cerebrospinal fluid (~2-4 days) and delivery limitations restrict the ability to target HER2+ central nervous system (CNS) disease. We developed an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector expressing a codon-optimized, ubiquitin C (UbC)-promoter-driven trastuzumab sequence (AAV9.UbC.trastuzumab) for intrathecal administration. Transgene expression was evaluated in adult Rag1 knockout mice and rhesus nonhuman primates (NHPs) after a single intracerebroventricular (ICV) or intra-cisterna magna (ICM) AAV9...
March 13, 2024: Cancer Gene Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38480275/upregulation-of-hla-ii-related-to-lag-3-cd4-t-cell-infiltration-is-associated-with-patient-outcome-in-human-glioblastoma
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenli Guo, Daijun Peng, Yuee Liao, Lei Lou, Moran Guo, Chen Li, Wangyang Yu, Xiaoxi Tian, Guohui Wang, Ping Lv, Jing Zuo, Haitao Shen, Yuehong Li
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant diffuse glioma of the brain. Although immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as programmed cell death protein (PD)-1/PD ligand-1 inhibitors, has revolutionized the treatment of several cancers, the clinical benefit in GBM patients has been limited. Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) binding to human leukocyte antigen-II (HLA-II) plays an essential role in triggering CD4+ T cell exhaustion and could interfere with the efficiency of anti-PD-1 treatment; however, the value of LAG-3-HLA-II interactions in ICI immunotherapy for GBM patients has not yet been analyzed...
March 13, 2024: Cancer Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477441/single-cell-transcriptomic-sequencing-identifies-subcutaneous-patient-derived-xenograft-recapitulated-medulloblastoma
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiayu Gao, Yahui Zhao, Ziwei Wang, Fei Liu, Xuan Chen, Jialin Mo, Yifei Jiang, Yongqiang Liu, Peiyi Tian, Yanong Li, Kaiwen Deng, Xueling Qi, Dongming Han, Zijia Liu, Zhengtao Yang, Yixi Chen, Yujie Tang, Chunde Li, Hailong Liu, Jiankang Li, Tao Jiang
BACKGROUND: Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most common malignant brain tumors that mainly affect children. Various approaches have been used to model MB to facilitate investigating tumorigenesis. This study aims to compare the recapitulation of MB between subcutaneous patient-derived xenograft (sPDX), intracranial patient-derived xenograft (iPDX), and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) at the single-cell level. METHODS: We obtained primary human sonic hedgehog (SHH) and group 3 (G3) MB samples from six patients...
March 13, 2024: Animal Models and Experimental Medicine
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