sleep cognitive performance workload

Mental fatigue (MF) arises during prolonged demanding cognitive activity and results in acute feelings of tiredness and a decreased physical and/or cognitive performance capacity. An often-overlooked population that is significantly at risk for the development of MF are university students. The current study investigated the impact of prolonged in-person theoretical classes on the perceptions of MF, boredom, and sleepiness among 27 Slovenian university students (first-year physiotherapy). Their subjective experiences at various time points during a 4-h class interspersed with a 20 min break were assessed with a repeated measures ANOVA and consequent Bonferroni post-hoc tests (significance set at <0...

BACKGROUND: Lecturers face a large wide of occupational stressors. If the prolonged stress and the symptomatology associated with the working conditions to which lecturers were exposed were already a concern before the pandemic, the pandemic may have exacerbated this psychosocial vulnerability. Burnout is a psychological syndrome that develops in response to chronic work stress. This study aims to describe burnout amongst lecturers working in Portugal and to analyse potential determinants of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic...

INTRODUCTION: There has been widespread international implementation of duration-hour restrictions to prevent surgical resident burnout and promote patient safety and wellbeing of doctors. A variety of Extended-Duration Work Shifts (EDWS) have been implemented, with a variety of studies examining the effect of shift systems on both surgical performance and the stress response unestablished in the literature. METHODS: This was a systematic review evaluating the impact of extended working hours on surgical performance, cognitive impairment, and physiological stress responses...

Correctly evaluating others' pain is a crucial prosocial ability. In both clinical and private settings, caregivers assess their other people's pain, sometimes under the effect of poor sleep and high workload and fatigue. However, the effect played by such cognitive strain in the appraisal of others' pain remains unclear. Fifty participants underwent one of two demanding tasks, involving either working memory (Experiment 1: N-Back task) or cognitive interference (Experiment 2: Stroop task). After each task, participants were exposed to painful laser stimulations at three intensity levels (low, medium, high), or video-clips of patients experiencing three intensity levels of pain (low, medium, high)...

BACKGROUND: The daily working life of many employees requires the use of modern information and communication technology (ICT) devices such as computers, tablets, and smartphones. The double-edged nature of digital work environments has been increasingly highlighted. Benefits such as increased flexibility come at a personal cost. One of the potential downsides is workplace telepressure, i.e., the experience of urge and preoccupation to quickly reply to work-related messages and demands using ICT...

BACKGROUND: As part of a larger project to provide recommendations regarding limitations and best practices for shifting aviators from day to night operations, a study was conducted to assess the efficacy of high energy visible (HEV) light to shift the circadian rhythm in humans. The study attempted to replicate the patterns of military aviators who could be required to shift abruptly from day to night flight operations. METHODS: Simulated flight performance and salivary melatonin levels of 10 U.S. military aviators were collected over a 3-night period using a within-subject dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) study design...

The study aimed to determine if overnight heart rate variability (HRV) is reflective of workload and stress during military training. Measures of cognitive load, perceived exertion, physical activity, nocturnal HRV, cognitive performance and sleep were recorded for a 15-day assessment period in 32 combat engineers. The assessment period consisted of 4 phases, PRE, FIELD, BASE and RECOVERY that exposed trainees to periods of sleep deprivation and restriction. The FIELD phase was characterised by an increase in mood disturbance, perceived exertion, physical activity, HRV and a reduction in sleep quantity (p < 0...

We previously hypothesized that functional cognitive disorder is characterized by heightened subjective mental effort, exhausted attentional reserve and metacognitive failure. To test this hypothesis, we administered a Stroop colour-word task in which attentional demand was varied by task difficulty (congruent versus incongruent cues) and the presence of a secondary auditory stimulus (passive or active listening to an oddball-type paradigm). We measured subjective mental effort, objective performance (reaction times and accuracy), metacognition and EEG-based biomarkers of mental workload...

Whereas previous research has focused on the link between (mental and physical) workload and task performance, less is known about the intervening mechanisms influencing this relationship. In the present study, we test the moderating roles of daily recovery and total sleep time in the relationship between work pressure and daily task performance. Using performance and recovery theories, we hypothesized that (a) work pressure relates positively to daily task performance, and that both (b) daily recovery in the form of psychological detachment and relaxation, and (c) total sleep time independently enhance this relationship...

Objective: The present systematic review aimed to provide an overview of training load (TL), along with their responses, monitoring during training sessions in highly trained and elite adult women soccer players. Data source: Electronic databases searches (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Ebsco) for relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals were conducted, and eligibility criteria were based on the PICOS model in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Study selection: Studies were considered as follows: (a) highly trained and elite adult (>18 years) women's soccer players; (b) continuous (minimum 1-week duration) TL monitoring in the context of the team routine; (c) TL collected from entire training session...

Tactical aviation imposes unprecedented physical challenges including repetitive exposure to hypergravity, hyperoxia, increased work of breathing, and profound cognitive workloads. Each stressor evokes outcomes ranging from musculoskeletal duress and atelectasis to physical and cognitive fatigue, the latter among the foremost threats to aviators. Whereas sleep loss is traditionally considered the primary cause of fatigue in aviators, converging experimental, observational, and medical studies have identified biochemical mechanisms promoting onset of fatigue...

INTRODUCTION: Heart rate variability (HRV) has shown sensitivity to the acute stressors experienced by defence personnel. This study examines the suitability of overnight HRV as a repeated measure of allostatic load in defence personnel. METHODS: Daily measures of sleep, cognitive load and perceived exertion were reported for the 12-week duration of basic military training (BMT) in 48 recruits. Measures of physical activity, subjective wellbeing and HRV were measured weekly...

BACKGROUND: In current sports science, the important role of sleep quality for health and peak performance is well acknowledged. More precisely, it is evident that the negative combination of stressful factors, low resources, and bad sleep habits causes short-term performance losses as well as long-term health consequences. As the maximization of human performance consisting of multiple fixed workloads is the main motivation in CrossFit® (CF), the aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of high sleep quality on performance in CrossFit® athletes (CFA) and the different training categories that are addressed in CF...

Occupational applicationsWe conducted a study to evaluate fatigue and workload among workers performing complex assembly tasks. We investigate several predictors of fatigue, including subjective workload estimates, sleep duration, the shift being worked, and production levels. High levels of fatigue were reported in one-third of the shifts evaluated. The main predictors of high fatigue were workload estimates, working evening shifts, and baseline fatigue. Among the six dimensions of workload, only mental demand and frustration were predictors of high fatigue...

BACKGROUND: Minimum rest is mandated in high stake industries such as aviation. The current system of healthcare provision permits on-call surgeons to work in sleep deprived states when performing procedures. Fatigue has been demonstrated to negatively affect performance. This study aimed to explore measurements of sleep deprivation and their impact on simulated performance. METHODS: This was a single site study conducted between September 2019 and February 2020...

Chronic insufficient sleep is known to lead to a broad range of negative consequences (e.g. poor health and cognitive performance). While insufficient sleep and associated fatigue are present in many diverse populations, it is of special concern in high-risk military environments, where a mishap can result in catastrophic outcomes. Although many studies have been conducted to characterise sleep in general military populations, relatively few have been conducted using a large representative sample of sailors assigned to United States Naval warships...

Shift work can be associated with health and sleep problems, which may lead to cognitive impairment. This study investigated the effects of shift work on sleep, health behaviours and cognitive functions of Polish rescue service workers. We tested 18 paramedics working 12-h shifts, 15 firefighters working 24-h shifts and 17 daytime workers. We measured general sleepiness, workload during shifts and the occurrence of health behaviours. Additionally, we measured attention, executive function and subjective alertness...

BACKGROUND: Examining cognitive medical errors (MEs) and their contributing factors is vital in health systems research, as it provides baseline data that can be used to develop appropriate interventions to prevent and/or minimize errors. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association between cognitive MEs and hospitals' organizational factors and the individual psychological and functional factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three main hospitals in Northern Jordan...

Cognitive functions could be specifically altered but masked from the unspecific effect of workload, a common factor affecting cognitive functions that modulate peripheral outputs. To identify workload-related and specific, task-dependent components, physiological correlates of cognitive functioning were derived by studying 15 healthy volunteers performing attentional tasks in baseline and post-sleep-deprivation conditions (one week interval). Sleep deprivation was introduced to increase workload. We performed recordings of heart pulse, facial temperature, and head movements during tasks assessing attentional network efficiency (ANT, Attentional Network Task; CCT, Continuous Compensatory Tracker) workload assessments after execution of tasks...

Objective. Sleep spindles in the electroencephalogram (EEG) are significant in sleep analysis related to cognitive functions and neurological diseases, and thus are of great clinical interests. An automatic sleep spindle detection algorithm could help decrease the workload of visual inspection by sleep clinicians. Approach. We propose a robust two-stage approach for sleep spindle detection using single-channel EEG. In the pre-detection stage, a stable number of sleep spindle candidates are discovered using the Teager energy operator with adaptive parameters, where the number of true sleep spindles are ensured as many as possible to maximize the detection sensitivity...