dyslipidemia and carnitine

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is associated with obesity, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. It has been hypothesized that L-carnitine can improve cardiovascular risk factors. We aimed to investigate the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid accumulation product (LAP) and atherogenic indices in women with overweight/obesity who have knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, seventy-six women with overweight/obesity who had knee osteoarthritis were assigned into the intervention group and control group for 12 weeks...

Purpose: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and insulin resistance (IR). Increasing evidence indicates that psoriasis is associated with MetS. This study aimed to explore some metabolite indexes which could evaluate the severity or predict the risk of psoriasis patients associated with MetS. Patients and methods: It was a case-control study conducted in Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine...

Background: Globally, obesity is a significant public problem, especially when aging. Sesamol, a phenolic lignan present in sesame seeds, might have a positive effect on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity associated with aging. Objective: The purpose of current research study was to explore salutary effects and mechanisms of sesamol in treating alimentary obesity and associated metabolic syndrome in middle-aged mice. Methods: C57BL/6J mice aged 4-6 weeks and 6-8 months were assigned to the young normal diet group, middle-aged normal diet group, middle-aged HFD group, and middle-aged HFD + sesamol group...

OBJECTIVES: Transresveratrol (Res) and l-carnitine (l-Car) are proposed to alleviate metabolic and immune disorders and increase physical activity in obese individuals. This study aims to estimate the effect of Res and l-Car in rats with diet-induced obesity. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were fed a diet with excess fat and fructose (high-fat high-carbohydrate diet [HFCD]) supplemented with Res and l-Car at doses of 25 and 300 mg/kg of body weight, respectively, for 63 d...

Converging evidence indicates that major depressive disorder (MDD) and metabolic disorders might be mediated by shared (patho)biological pathways. However, the converging cellular and molecular signatures remain unknown. Here, we investigated metabolic dysfunction on a systemic, cellular, and molecular level in unmedicated patients with MDD compared with matched healthy controls (HC). Despite comparable BMI scores and absence of cardiometabolic disease, patients with MDD presented with significant dyslipidemia...

PURPOSE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among reproductive-age women. Insulin resistance and dyslipidemia are linked to PCOS. L-Carnitine supplementation as a management strategy for women with PCOS has been proposed. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on insulin resistance, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and lipid profile in overweight/obese women with PCOS was investigated. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial, was conducted on 62overweight/obese women with PCOS...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have emerged as the leading causes of chronic liver disease in the world. Obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia are multifactorial risk factors strongly associated with NAFLD/NASH. Here, a specific combination of metabolic cofactors (a multi-ingredient; MI) containing precursors of glutathione (GSH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) (betaine, N-acetyl-cysteine, L-carnitine and nicotinamide riboside) was evaluated as effective treatment for the NAFLD/NASH pathophysiology...

BACKGROUND: Chronic diseases have become main killers affecting the health of human, and environmental pollution is a major health risk factor that cannot be ignored. It has been reported that exogenous chemical residues including pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, veterinary drugs and persistent organic pollutants are associated with chronic diseases. However, the evidence for their relationship is equivocal and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVES: We aim to investigate the linkages between serum exogenous chemical residues and 5 main chronic diseases including obesity, hyperuricemia, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, and further reveal the metabolic perturbations of chronic diseases related to exogenous chemical residue exposure, then gain potential mechanism insight at the metabolic level...

The Mulberry ( Morus alba L.) fruit is a rich source of polyphenolic compounds; most of these are anthocyanins. Obesity is intimately related to low-grade inflammation, with increased pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and macrophage infiltration in white adipose tissue (WAT). This study investigated whether mulberry fruit extract (ME) has beneficial effects on obesity-induced inflammation and skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups and fed either a low-fat diet (LFD), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD + 5 g/kg of ME (ME-L), or HFD + 10 g/kg of ME (ME-H) for 14 weeks...

High L-carnitine ingestion has been shown to cause liver injury, mechanically due to an elevated circulating level of trimethylamine- N -oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite from L-carnitine. This study aimed to investigate whether chlorogenic acid (CGA), a health-promoting polyphenol, could inhibit TMAO formation and thereafter might prevent L-carnitine-induced liver injury in mice. Feeding of mice with 3% L-carnitine in drinking water increased the serum and urinary levels of TMAO ( p < 0...

Ayu-narezushi , a traditional Japanese fermented food, comprises abundant levels of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and free amino acids. This study aimed to examine the potential beneficial effects of ayu-narezushi and investigated whether ayu-narezushi led to improvements in the Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetes (TSOD) mice model of spontaneous metabolic syndrome because useful LAB are known as probiotics that regulate intestinal function. In the present study, the increased body weight of the TSOD mice was attenuated in those fed the ayu-narezushi -comprised chow ( ayu-narezushi group) compared with those fed the normal rodent chow (control group)...

Hibiscus sabdariffa . L is folk medicine that is often used for its hypolipidemic and antihypertensive effects; however, the active compound responsible for its anti-obesity effect is presently unknown. Delphinidin-3-sambubioside (Dp3-Sam) is an anthocyanin, was extracted from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. The present research aimed to investigate the role of Dp3-Sam in the prevention of hyperlipidemia in vivo and in vitro. Rats were fed with a standard chow diet (Control group) or high-fat diet (HFD and DP group) for eight weeks...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic liver disease associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Activation of the purinergic receptor P2Y2R has been reported to promote adipogenesis, inflammation and dyslipidemia in adipose tissues in obese mice. However, the role of P2Y2R and its mechanisms in NAFLD remain unknown. We hypothesized that P2Y2R deficiency may play a protective role in NAFLD by modulating lipid metabolism in the liver. In this study, we fed wild type and P2Y2R knockout mice with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and analyzed metabolic phenotypes...

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and accounts for 40% of all deaths among pediatric patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD 5). Dyslipidemia is common in children with CKD and is considered one of the major causes of CVD in these patients. As carnitine plays a key role in lipid metabolism and because plasma levels are reduced in hemodialysis patients, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on serum lipid profiles, apolipoproteins, and free carnitine (FC) levels...

Metabolic syndrome (MS) refers to a clustering of at least three of the following medical conditions: high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, low high-density lipoprotein level, and high serum triglycerides. MS is related to a wide range of diseases which includes obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. There remains an ongoing need for improved treatment strategies for MS. The most important risk factors are dietary pattern, genetics, old age, lack of exercise, disrupted biology, medication usage, and excessive alcohol consumption, but pathophysiology of MS has not been completely identified...

BACKGROUND: There are clearly sex differences in cardiovascular disease. On average, women experience cardiovascular events at an older age, and at any age, women, on average, have less atherosclerotic plaque than men. The role of the human intestinal microbiome in health and disease has garnered significant interest in recent years, and there have been indications of sex differences in the intestinal microbiome. The purpose of this narrative review was to evaluate evidence of sex differences in the interaction between the intestinal microbiome and risk factors for cardiovascular disease...

Carnitine is a naturally occurring amino acid derivative that is involved in the transport of long-chain fatty acids to the mitochondrial matrix. There, these substrates undergo β-oxidation, producing energy. The major sources of carnitine are dietary intake, although carnitine is also endogenously synthesized in the liver and kidney. However, in patients on dialysis, serum carnitine levels progressively fall due to restricted dietary intake and deprivation of endogenous synthesis in the kidney. Furthermore, serum-free carnitine is removed by hemodialysis treatment because the molecular weight of carnitine is small (161 Da) and its protein binding rates are very low...

As an ambiguous member of vascular endothelial growth factor family, VEGF-B has long been poorly understood in its function. Recent researches showed VEGF-B isoforms exerted their metabolic effect through indirectly activating the VEGF-A/VEGFR2 pathway. Here, we report the lipid-lowing effect of VEGF-B via VEGFR1. We investigated the effect of VEGF-B on lipid metabolism in vivo and in vitro approaches. Treatment of mice with VEGF-B recombinant protein repressed HFD-induced body weight gain. This treatment also alleviated obesity associated hyperlipidemia and fatty liver disease...

Background: Chronic renal failure (CRF) results in significant dyslipidemia and profound changes in lipid metabolism. Polyporus umbellatus (PPU) has been shown to prevent kidney injury and subsequent kidney fibrosis. Methods: Lipidomic analysis was performed to explore the intrarenal profile of lipid metabolites and further investigate the effect of PPU and its main bioactive component, ergone, on disorders of lipid metabolism in rats induced by adenine. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed for choosing intrarenal differential lipid species in CRF rats and the intervening effect of n-hexane extract of PPU and ergone on CRF rats...

AIMS: Echinacoside (ECH) is a natural compound extracted from the stem of the Cistanche deserticola plant, has significant biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we aimed to explore the protection effects and mechanisms of ECH on diabetic liver injury in db/db mice. MAIN METHODS: Overall, 6-week-old db/db mice (n = 20) were randomly allocated to 2 groups: diabetic model group (db/db group, intragastric administration of normal saline, n = 10) and ECH-treated group (db/db + ECH group, n = 10)...