Cycles therapy

PURPOSE: Identifying the molecular mechanisms behind SARS-CoV-2 disparities and similarities will help find new treatments. The present study determines networks' shared and non-shared (specific) crucial elements in response to HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2 viruses to recommend candidate medications. METHODS: We retrieved the omics data on respiratory cells infected with HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2, constructed PPIN and GRN, and detected clusters and motifs. Using a drug-gene interaction network, we determined the similarities and disparities of mechanisms behind their host response and drug-repurposed...

WHAT IS THIS SUMMARY ABOUT?: This plain language summary describes the results of a Phase 3 study called KarMMa-3. In this ongoing study, researchers looked at a relatively new treatment for people with multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer, whose cancer got worse despite treatment (refractory) or had cancer that at first improved with treatment, but eventually stopped responding (relapsed). HOW WAS THIS STUDY CONDUCTED?: In the KarMMa-3 study, people with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma received either a one-time infusion of a new treatment, named ide-cel, or one of the standard of care regimens currently available for patients with this cancer...

A 78-year-old woman with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was referred for an 18F-FDG PET/CT to evaluate therapy response after 6 cycles of R-mini-CHOP. A new 18F-FDG accumulation was noticed medial in the upper part of the right lower leg, spreading along the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. The shaft-bow-looking curvature, arch sign, of 18F-FDG revealed a fluid collection on CT. This typical pattern and its specific location are indicative of a ruptured Baker's cyst. It can manifest in 1 or both legs...

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to explore the potential of peripheral immune cells in predicting the response and prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: We utilized flow cytometry to examine the levels and dynamics of blood immune cells in 79 advanced NSCLC patients treated with the chemoimmunotherapy between December 2019 and January 2022...

BACKGROUND: Despite therapy advances, one of the leading causes of cancer deaths still remains lung cancer. To improve current treatments or prevent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the role of the nutrition in cancer onset and progression needs to be understood in more detail. While in colorectal cancer, the influence of local microbiota derived SCFAs have been well investigated, the influence of SCFA on lung cancer cells via peripheral blood immune system should be investigated more deeply...

Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) represents a rare and highly aggressive variant of lung cancer, characterized by its recalcitrance to conventional therapeutic modalities and the attendant dismal prognosis it confers. Recent breakthroughs in immunotherapy have presented novel prospects for PSC patients; nevertheless, the utility of neoadjuvant/conversional immunotherapy in the context of PSC remains ambiguous. In this report, we present a middle-aged male presenting with Stage III PSC, notable for its high expression of the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), initially deemed as non-resectable for sizeable tumor mass and multiple lymph nodes metastases...

BACKGROUND: TAS-102 (Lonsurf® ) is an oral fluoropyrimidine consisting of a combination of trifluridine (a thymidine analog) and tipiracil (a thymidine phosphorylation inhibitor). The drug is effective in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients refractory to fluorouracil, irinotecan and oxaliplatin. This study is a real-world analysis, investigating the interplay of genotype/phenotype in relation to TAS-102 sensitivity. METHODS: Forty-seven consecutive mCRC patients were treated with TAS-102 at the National Cancer Institute of Naples from March 2019 to March 2021, at a dosage of 35 mg/m2 , twice a day, in cycles of 28 days (from day 1 to 5 and from day 8 to 12)...

BACKGROUND: Photoimmunotherapy is a treatment modality that induces targeted cell death by binding a molecular-targeted drug activated by infrared light to the tumor cells and subsequently illuminating the lesion with infrared light. For deep lesions, a needle catheter is used to puncture the tumor, and an illumination fiber (cylindrical diffuser) is inserted into the catheter lumen for internal illumination. However, it can be challenging to place the cylindrical diffusers in an appropriate position as the deep lesions cannot be often confirmed accurately during surgery...

The ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 to evade vaccines and therapeutics underlines the need for innovative therapies with high genetic barriers to resistance. Therefore, there is pronounced interest in identifying new pharmacological targets in the SARS-CoV-2 viral life cycle. The small molecule PAV-104, identified through a cell-free protein synthesis and assembly screen, was recently shown to target host protein assembly machinery in a manner specific to viral assembly. In this study, we investigate the capacity of PAV-104 to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in human airway epithelial cells (AECs)...

The present study explored the anticancer activity of a Chitosan-based nanogel incorporating thiocolchicoside and lauric acid (CTL) against oral cancer cell lines (KB-1). Cell viability, AO/EtBr dual staining and Cell cycle analysis were done to evaluate the impact of CTL nanogel on oral cancer cells. Real-time PCR was performed to analyze proapoptotic and antiapoptotic gene expression in CTL-treated KB-1 cells. Further, molecular docking analysis was conducted to explore the interaction of our key ingredient, thiocolchicoside and its binding affinities...

The Tetraspanins (Tspan) protein family, also known as the tetraspanin family, contains 33 family members that interact with other protein molecules such as integrins, adhesion molecules, and T cell receptors by forming dimers or heterodimers. The Tspan protein family regulates cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasion, migration, apoptosis, autophagy, tissue differentiation, and immune response. More and more studies have shown that Tspan proteins are involved in tumorigenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, thrombosis, tumor stem cell, and exosome signaling...

Lapatinib is a targeted therapeutic inhibiting HER2 and EGFR proteins. It is used for the therapy of HER2-positive breast cancer, although not all the patients respond to it. Using human blood serum samples from 14 female donors (separately taken or combined), we found that human blood serum dramatically abolishes the lapatinib-mediated inhibition of growth of the human breast squamous carcinoma SK-BR-3 cell line. This antagonism between lapatinib and human serum was associated with cancelation of the drug induced G1/S cell cycle transition arrest...

The aberrant activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) acts as a potent driver of multiple types of human cancers. Despite the development of several conventional small-molecular FGFR inhibitors, their clinical efficacy is largely compromised due to low selectivity and side effects. Here, we report the selective FGFR1/2-targeting proteolysis targeting chimeric (PROTAC), BR-cpd7 that displays significant isoform specificity to FGFR1/2 with DC50 values around 10 nM, while sparing FGFR3. The following mechanistic investigation reveals the reduced FGFR signaling, through which BR-cpd7 induces cell cycle arrest and consequently blocks the proliferation of multiple FGFR1/2-dependent tumor cells...

Management of prostate cancer (PC) might be improved by combining external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) with lutetium-177 (177 Lu)-labeled PSMA inhibitors. We hypothesized a higher efficacy of the combination due to augmentation of the radiation dose to the tumor and interactions of EBRT with PSMA expression potentially increasing radiopharmaceutical uptake. Therefore, this study analyzed the influence of radiation on PSMA expression levels in vitro ...

BACKGROUND: Camrelizumab, a programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibiting antibody, has demonstrated efficacy in various malignancies and received approval in multiple countries. Despite its therapeutic benefits, camrelizumab is associated with a unique spectrum of immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), predominantly reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP). However, visceral manifestations of such endothelial proliferations, particularly hepatic cavernous hemangiomas, have not been extensively documented...

Olaparib was the first poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor approved for patients with cancer with mutations in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 in China. To the best of our knowledge, however, no study has described the efficacy of olaparib for patients with breast cancer with double mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 . The present case report describes a patient with breast cancer with deleterious germline mutations in both BRCA1 and BRCA2 . The 56-year-old patient with multiple metastatic breast cancer underwent breast cancer resection with 12 years interval between removal of the left and right breast...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is commonly associated with immunosuppression and can cause irreversible vision loss. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as an effective cancer treatment option but requires immunosuppression, thereby increasing the possibility of acquiring opportunistic infections such as CMV. We present the case of a 76-year-old female with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus who initially presented with shortness of breath and was diagnosed with the activated B-cell subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)...

Background Colorectal cancer constitutes a significant public health challenge, despite remarkable strides made in the last two decades, particularly in the medical management of metastatic stages. Notable progress has been achieved through targeted therapies such as anti-epidermal growth factor receptors or anti-angiogenic antibodies, as well as advancements in surgical approaches for hepatic metastases. This study seeks to assess the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in individuals with metastatic colorectal cancer...

PURPOSE: Sinomenine hydrochloride (SH) is used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and may also be efficacious against Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). However, no trial has investigated the molecular mechanism of SH on IgAN. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of SH on IgAN. METHODS: The pathological changes and IgA and C3 depositions in the kidney of an IgAN rat model were detected by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and direct immunofluorescence staining...

OBJECTIVES: A high proportion of women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) experience weakness and cachexia. This relationship is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. EOC is the most lethal gynecological cancer, yet no preclinical cachexia model has demonstrated the combined hallmark features of metastasis, ascites development, muscle loss and weakness in adult immunocompetent mice. METHODS: Here, we evaluated a new model of ovarian cancer-induced cachexia with the advantages of inducing cancer in adult immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice through orthotopic injections of EOC cells in the ovarian bursa...