keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524178/construction-and-validation-of-a-machine-learning-model-for-the-diagnosis-of-juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis-based-on-fecal-microbiota
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jun-Bo Tu, Wei-Jie Liao, Si-Ping Long, Meng-Pan Li, Xing-Hua Gao
PURPOSE: Human gut microbiota has been shown to be significantly associated with various inflammatory diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an excellent auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) based on fecal microbial biomarkers. METHOD: The fecal metagenomic sequencing data associated with JIA were extracted from NCBI, and the sequencing data were transformed into the relative abundance of microorganisms by professional data cleaning (KneadData, Trimmomatic and Bowtie2) and comparison software (Kraken2 and Bracken)...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524135/biomarkers-and-computational-models-for-predicting-efficacy-to-tumor-ici-immunotherapy
#22
REVIEW
Yurong Qin, Miaozhe Huo, Xingwu Liu, Shuai Cheng Li
Numerous studies have shown that immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy has great potential as a cancer treatment, leading to significant clinical improvements in numerous cases. However, it benefits a minority of patients, underscoring the importance of discovering reliable biomarkers that can be used to screen for potential beneficiaries and ultimately reduce the risk of overtreatment. Our comprehensive review focuses on the latest advancements in predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy, particularly emphasizing those that enhance the efficacy of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors immunotherapies...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523409/a-guide-to-germ-free-and-gnotobiotic-mouse-technology-to-study-health-and-disease
#23
REVIEW
Maude Jans, Lars Vereecke
The intestinal microbiota has major influence on human physiology and modulates health and disease. Complex host-microbe interactions regulate various homeostatic processes, including metabolism and immune function, while disturbances in microbiota composition (dysbiosis) are associated with a plethora of human diseases and are believed to modulate disease initiation, progression and therapy response. The vast complexity of the human microbiota and its metabolic output represents a great challenge in unraveling the molecular basis of host-microbe interactions in specific physiological contexts...
March 24, 2024: FEBS Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522712/effects-of-titanium-dioxide-nanoparticle-exposure-on-the-gut-microbiota-of-pearl-oyster-pinctada-fucata-martensii
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fengfeng Li, Yujing Lin, Chuangye Yang, Yilong Yan, Ruijuan Hao, Robert Mkuye, Yuewen Deng
With the advancement of nanotechnology and the growing utilization of nanomaterials, titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) has been released into aquatic environments, posing potential ecotoxicological risks to aquatic organisms. In this study, the toxicological effects of TiO2 nanoparticles were investigated on the intestinal health of pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata martensii). The pearl oysters were subjected to a 14-day exposure to 5-mg/L TiO2 nanoparticle, followed by a 7-day recovery period. Subsequently, the intestinal tissues were analyzed using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing...
March 22, 2024: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology: CBP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520323/gut-microbiota-metagenomics-and-mediation-of-phenol-degradation-in-bactrocera-minax-diptera-tephritidae
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuai Cao, Xueming Ren, Guijian Zhang, Haoran Wang, Bingbing Wei, Changying Niu
BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota mediating insect-plant interactions have many manifestations, either by provisioning missing nutrients, or overcoming plant defensive reactions. However, how gut microbiota empower insects to survive by overcoming a variety of plant secondary metabolites remains largely unknown. Bactrocera minax larvae develop in immature citrus fruits, which present numerous phenolic compounds that challenge the larvae. To explore the role of gut microbes in host use and adaptability, we uncovered the mechanisms of phenol degradation by gut microbes using metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses, and verified the degradation ability of isolated and cultured bacteria...
March 23, 2024: Pest Management Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519460/diindoles-produced-from-commensal-microbiota-metabolites-function-as-endogenous-car-nr1i3-ligands
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiabao Liu, Ainaz Malekoltojari, Anjana Asokakumar, Vimanda Chow, Linhao Li, Hao Li, Marina Grimaldi, Nathanlown Dang, Jhenielle Campbell, Holly Barrett, Jianxian Sun, William Navarre, Derek Wilson, Hongbing Wang, Sridhar Mani, Patrick Balaguer, Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk, Hui Peng, Henry M Krause
Numerous studies have demonstrated the correlation between human gut bacteria and host physiology, mediated primarily via nuclear receptors (NRs). Despite this body of work, the systematic identification and characterization of microbe-derived ligands that regulate NRs remain a considerable challenge. In this study, we discover a series of diindole molecules produced from commensal bacteria metabolites that act as specific agonists for the orphan constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Using various biophysical analyses we show that their nanomolar affinities are comparable to those of synthetic CAR agonists, and that they can activate both rodent and human CAR orthologues, which established synthetic agonists cannot...
March 22, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518648/multiomics-profiling-of-the-therapeutic-effect-of-dan-deng-tong-nao-capsule-on-cerebral-ischemia-reperfusion-injury
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yingying Shi, Qiuzheng Du, Zhuolun Li, Lianping Xue, Qingquan Jia, Tianyuan Zheng, Jiyun Liu, Ruobing Ren, Zhi Sun
BACKGROUND: Stroke is a complex physiological process associated with intestinal flora dysbiosis and metabolic disorders. Dan-deng-tong-nao capsule (DDTN) is a traditional Chinese medicine used clinically to treat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) for many years. However, little is known about the effects of DDTN in the treatment of CIRI from the perspective of gut microbiota and metabolites. PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the regulatory roles of DDTN in endogenous metabolism and gut microbiota in CIRI rats, thus providing a basis for clinical rational drug use and discovering natural products with potential physiological activities in DDTN for the treatment of CIRI...
January 1, 2024: Phytomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518452/identification-of-metabolites-produced-by-six-gut-commensal-bacteroidales-strains-using-non-targeted-lc-ms-ms-metabolite-profiling
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Victoria Fernandez-Cantos, Ambrin Farizah Babu, Kati Hanhineva, Oscar P Kuipers
As the most abundant gram-negative bacterial order in the gastrointestinal tract, Bacteroidales bacteria have been extensively studied for their contribution to various aspects of gut health. These bacteria are renowned for their involvement in immunomodulation and their remarkable capacity to break down complex carbohydrates and fibers. However, the human gut microbiota is known to produce many metabolites that ultimately mediate important microbe-host and microbe-microbe interactions. To gain further insights into the metabolites produced by the gut commensal strains of this order, we examined the metabolite composition of their bacterial cell cultures in the stationary phase...
March 20, 2024: Microbiological Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518021/a-large-scale-causal-analysis-of-gut-microbiota-and-endometriosis-associated-infertility-a-mendelian-randomization-study
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Wang, Wangshu Li, Chunfang Ha
Endometriosis is a prevalent condition with notable impacts on fertility. Recent studies have implicated gut microbiota in the development of endometriosis associated infertility (EAI). This study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to elucidate the causal relationship between specific gut microbes and EAI. Using MR, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with 211 gut microbiota taxa from large-scale genome-wide association studies summary data. We applied statistical methods including inverse variance weighting, weighted median, and MR-Egger for analysis...
March 22, 2024: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517357/using-a-human-colonoid-derived-monolayer-to-study-bacteriophage-translocation
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huu Thanh Le, Alicia Fajardo Lubian, Bethany Bowring, David van der Poorten, Jonathan Iredell, Jacob George, Carola Venturini, Golo Ahlenstiel, Scott Read
Bacteriophages (phages) are estimated to be the most abundant microorganisms on Earth. Their presence in human blood suggests that they can translocate from non-sterile sites such as the gastrointestinal tract where they are concentrated. To examine phage translocation ex vivo , we adapted a primary colonoid monolayer model possessing cell diversity and architecture, and a thick layer of mucus akin to the colonic environment in vivo . We show that the colonoid monolayer is superior to the Caco-2 cell-line model, possessing intact and organized tight junctions and generating a physiologically relevant mucus layer...
2024: Gut Microbes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517334/exploring-phytochemical-mechanisms-in-the-prevention-of-cholesterol-dysregulation-a-review
#31
REVIEW
Monthana Weerawatanakorn, Sudthida Kamchonemenukool, Yen-Chun Koh, Min-Hsiung Pan
Although cholesterol plays a key role in many physiological processes, its dysregulation can lead to several metabolic diseases. Statins are a group of drugs widely used to lower cholesterol levels and cardiovascular risk but may lead to several side effects in some patients. Therefore, the development of a plant-based therapeutic adjuvant with cholesterol-lowering activity is desirable. The maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis encompasses multiple steps, including biosynthesis and metabolism, uptake and transport, and bile acid metabolism; issues arising in any of these processes could contribute to the etiology of cholesterol-related diseases...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515679/people-are-an-organic-unity-gut-lung-axis-and-pneumonia
#32
REVIEW
Jing Guo, Le Wang, Ningxin Han, Caiyun Yuan, Yujie Yin, Tongxing Wang, Jiemeng Sun, Peipei Jin, Yi Liu, Zhenhua Jia
People are an organic unity. Every organ of our body doesn't exist alone. They are a part of our body and have important connections with other tissues or organs. The gut-lung axis is a typical example. Here, we reviewed the current research progress of the gut-lung axis. The main cross-talk between the intestine and lungs was sorted out, i.e. the specific interaction content contained in the gut-lung axis. We determine a relatively clear concept for the gut-lung axis, that is, the gut-lung axis is a cross-talk that the gut and lungs interact with each other through microorganisms and the immune system to achieve bidirectional regulation...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515179/cluster-specific-associations-between-the-gut-microbiota-and-behavioral-outcomes-in-preschool-aged-children
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcel van de Wouw, Yanan Wang, Matthew L Workentine, Elnaz Vaghef-Mehrabani, Delaney Barth, Emily M Mercer, Deborah Dewey, Marie-Claire Arrieta, Raylene A Reimer, Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen, Gerald F Giesbrecht
BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota is recognized as a regulator of brain development and behavioral outcomes during childhood. Nonetheless, associations between the gut microbiota and behavior are often inconsistent among studies in humans, perhaps because many host-microbe relationships vary widely between individuals. This study aims to stratify children based on their gut microbiota composition (i.e., clusters) and to identify novel gut microbiome cluster-specific associations between the stool metabolomic pathways and child behavioral outcomes...
March 21, 2024: Microbiome
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514894/gut-microbiota-are-differentially-correlated-with-blood-pressure-status-in-african-american-collegiate-athletes-a-pilot-study
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taylor Hogue, Jarrad Hampton-Marcell, Ian M Carroll, Troy Purdom, Heather Colleran, T J Exford, Michael Brown, Marc D Cook
Hypertension (HTN) is common among athletes and the most recent epidemiologic data reports that cardiovascular (CV) sudden death is significantly greater in African Americans (AAs). Gut microbial dysbiosis (a poorly diverse stool microbial profile) has been associated with HTN in sedentary people but microbial characteristics of athletes with HTN are unknown. Our purpose was to differentiate microbiome characteristics associated with BP status in AA collegiate athletes. Thirty AA collegiate athletes were stratified by normal BP (systolic BP (SBP) ≤130 mmHg; n = 15) and HTN (SBP ≥130 mmHg; n = 15)...
March 2024: Physiological Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513657/a-specific-enterotype-derived-from-gut-microbiome-of-older-individuals-enables-favorable-responses-to-immune-checkpoint-blockade-therapy
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoqiang Zhu, Xiaowen Huang, Muni Hu, Rongrong Sun, Jiantao Li, Hai Wang, Xuefeng Pan, Yanru Ma, Lijun Ning, Tianying Tong, Yilu Zhou, Jinmei Ding, Ying Zhao, Baoqin Xuan, Jing-Yuan Fang, Jie Hong, Jason Wing Hon Wong, Youwei Zhang, Haoyan Chen
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but inconsistent responses persist. Our study delves into the intriguing phenomenon of enhanced immunotherapy sensitivity in older individuals with cancers. Through a meta-analysis encompassing 25 small-to-mid-sized trials of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), we demonstrate that older individuals exhibit heightened responsiveness to ICB therapy. To understand the underlying mechanism, we reanalyze single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from multiple studies and unveil distinct upregulation of exhausted and cytotoxic T cell markers within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of older patients...
March 18, 2024: Cell Host & Microbe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513656/opposing-diet-microbiome-and-metabolite-mechanisms-regulate-inflammatory-bowel-disease-in-a-genetically-susceptible-host
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriel Vasconcelos Pereira, Marie Boudaud, Mathis Wolter, Celeste Alexander, Alessandro De Sciscio, Erica T Grant, Bruno Caetano Trindade, Nicholas A Pudlo, Shaleni Singh, Austin Campbell, Mengrou Shan, Li Zhang, Qinnan Yang, Stéphanie Willieme, Kwi Kim, Trisha Denike-Duval, Jaime Fuentes, André Bleich, Thomas M Schmidt, Lucy Kennedy, Costas A Lyssiotis, Grace Y Chen, Kathryn A Eaton, Mahesh S Desai, Eric C Martens
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic conditions characterized by periods of spontaneous intestinal inflammation and are increasing in industrialized populations. Combined with host genetics, diet and gut bacteria are thought to contribute prominently to IBDs, but mechanisms are still emerging. In mice lacking the IBD-associated cytokine, interleukin-10, we show that a fiber-deprived gut microbiota promotes the deterioration of colonic mucus, leading to lethal colitis. Inflammation starts with the expansion of natural killer cells and altered immunoglobulin-A coating of some bacteria...
March 18, 2024: Cell Host & Microbe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513356/harnessing-the-power-within-engineering-the-microbiome-for-enhanced-gynecologic-health
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caitriona Brennan, Kristina Chan, Tanya Kumar, Erica Maissy, Linda Brubaker, Marisol I Dothard, Jack A Gilbert, Katharine E Gilbert, Amanda L Lewis, Varykina Thackray, Amir Zarrinpar, Rob Knight
Although numerous studies have demonstrated the impact of microbiome manipulation on human health, research on the microbiome's influence on female health remains relatively limited despite substantial disease burden. In light of this, we present a selected review of clinical trials and preclinical studies targeting both the vaginal and gut microbiome for the prevention or treatment of various gynecologic conditions. Specifically, we explore studies that leverage microbiota transplants, probiotics, prebiotics, diet modifications, and engineered microbial strains...
March 1, 2024: Reproduction & fertility
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512940/accessible-luminal-interface-of-bovine-rectal-organoids-generated-from-cryopreserved-biopsy-tissues
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minae Kawasaki, Yoko M Ambrosini
Developing precise species-specific in vitro models that closely resemble in vivo intestinal tissues is essential for advancing our understanding of gastrointestinal physiology and associated diseases. This is especially crucial in examining host-pathogen interactions, particularly in bovines, a known reservoir for microbes and pathogens posing substantial public health threats. This research investigated the viability of producing bovine rectal organoids from cryopreserved tissues. We compared two cryopreservation methods with a traditional technique using fresh tissues, evaluating their effectiveness through growth rates, long-term viability, and comprehensive structural, cellular, and genetic analyses...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512768/mnfe-microbiome-network-flow-entropy-for-detecting-pre-disease-states-of-type-1-diabetes
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rong Gao, Peiluan Li, Yueqiong Ni, Xueqing Peng, Jing Ren, Luonan Chen
In the development of Type 1 diabetes (T1D), there are critical states just before drastic changes, and identifying these pre-disease states may predict T1D or provide crucial early-warning signals. Unlike gene expression data, gut microbiome data can be collected noninvasively from stool samples. Gut microbiome sequencing data contain different levels of phylogenetic information that can be utilized to detect the tipping point or critical state in a reliable manner, thereby providing accurate and effective early-warning signals...
2024: Gut Microbes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512763/breaking-the-barriers-the-role-of-gut-homeostasis-in-metabolic-associated-steatotic-liver-disease-masld
#40
REVIEW
Raquel Benedé-Ubieto, Francisco Javier Cubero, Yulia A Nevzorova
Obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and the gut microbiome intricately interplay in Metabolic-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), previously known as Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), a growing health concern. The complex progression of MASLD extends beyond the liver, driven by "gut-liver axis," where diet, genetics, and gut-liver interactions influence disease development. The pathophysiology of MASLD involves excessive liver fat accumulation, hepatocyte dysfunction, inflammation, and fibrosis, with subsequent risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)...
2024: Gut Microbes
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