keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508705/-zfhx3-variants-cause-childhood-partial-epilepsy-and-infantile-spasms-with-favourable-outcomes
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ming-Feng He, Li-Hong Liu, Sheng Luo, Juan Wang, Jia-Jun Guo, Peng-Yu Wang, Qiong-Xiang Zhai, Su-Li He, Dong-Fang Zou, Xiao-Rong Liu, Bing-Mei Li, Hai-Yan Ma, Jing-Da Qiao, Peng Zhou, Na He, Yong-Hong Yi, Wei-Ping Liao
BACKGROUND: The ZFHX3 gene plays vital roles in embryonic development, cell proliferation, neuronal differentiation and neuronal death. This study aims to explore the relationship between ZFHX3 variants and epilepsy. METHODS: Whole-exome sequencing was performed in a cohort of 378 patients with partial (focal) epilepsy. A Drosophila Zfh2 knockdown model was used to validate the association between ZFHX3 and epilepsy. RESULTS: Compound heterozygous ZFHX3 variants were identified in eight unrelated cases...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Medical Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500090/cerebral-malaria-presenting-as-nonconvulsive-status-epilepticus-a-case-report
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xingguo Wu, Ningxiang Qin, Fahang Yi, Jing Wang, Xia Yan, Liang Wang
BACKGROUND: Malaria is an infectious malady caused by Plasmodium parasites, cerebral malaria standing out as one of its most severe complications. Clinical manifestation include elevated body temperature, loss of consciousness, and seizures. However, reports of cerebral malaria presenting as nonconvulsive status epilepticus are extremely rare. The case presented involves psychiatric symptoms, with the electroencephalogram indicated nonconvulsive status epilepticus associated with cerebral malaria...
March 18, 2024: Malaria Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38472033/brain-mri-in-status-epilepticus-relevance-of-findings
#3
REVIEW
T Bonduelle, M Ollivier, A Gradel, J Aupy
Status epilepticus (SE) represents one of the most common neurological emergencies, associated with high mortality and an important risk of functional sequelae in survivors. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers the possibility of early and noninvasive observation of seizure-induced parenchymal disturbances secondary to the epileptic process. In the present review, we propose a descriptive and comprehensive understanding of current knowledge concerning seizure-induced MRI abnormalities in SE, also called peri-ictal MRI abnormalities (PMAs)...
March 11, 2024: Revue Neurologique
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379970/screening-and-differential-diagnosis-of-delirium-in-neurointensive-stroke-patients
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucia Bakošová, David Kec, Miroslav Škorňa, René Jura, Zdeněk Kundrata, Milena Košťálová, Josef Bednařík
Diagnosing delirium in neurointensive care is difficult because symptoms of delirium, such as inappropriate speech, may be related to aphasia due to primary brain injury. Therefore, validated screening tools are needed. The aim of this study was to compare two Czech versions of already validated screening tools - the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) - in a cohort of acute stroke patients. We also aimed to assess the pitfalls of delirium detection in the context of non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE)...
February 29, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38339985/the-risk-of-unprovoked-seizure-occurrence-after-status-epilepticus-in-adults
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simona Lattanzi, Niccolò Orlandi, Giada Giovannini, Francesco Brigo, Eugen Trinka, Stefano Meletti
OBJECTIVE: Status epilepticus (SE) may lead to long-term consequences. This study evaluated the risk and predictors of seizure occurrence after SE, with a focus on SE due to acute symptomatic etiologies. METHODS: Prospectively collected data about adults surviving a first non-hypoxic SE were reviewed. The outcome was the occurrence of unprovoked seizures during the follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis and log-rank test were used to analyze the time to seizure occurrence and determine the statistical significance between etiological groups...
February 10, 2024: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38298648/nonconvulsive-status-epilepticus-in-patients-with-acute-subarachnoid-hemorrhage-is-associated-with-negative-arterial-spin-labeling-on-peri-ictal-magnetic-resonance-images
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yoshiteru Tada, Toshitaka Fujihara, Izumi Yamaguchi, Masaaki Korai, Shu Sogabe, Mai Azumi, Eiji Shikata, Koji Bando, Kohei Nakajima, Kenji Shimada, Nobuaki Yamamoto, Hiroki Yamazaki, Yuishin Izumi, Masafumi Harada, Yasuhisa Kanematsu, Yasushi Takagi
PURPOSE: Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is characterized by repetitive or continuous seizures without convulsions. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is useful for assessing hyperperfusion due to neurovascular unit coupling in patients with NCSE; subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) impairs the neurovascular unit. We hypothesized that the sensitivity of ASL in detecting NCSE is low in patients with SAH during the acute phase. METHODS: Based on ASL findings obtained within 48 h after the clinical suspicion of focal-onset NCSE, we divided 34 patients into ASL-negative (no hyperperfusion; n = 10) and ASL-positive (confirmed hyperperfusion; n = 24) groups...
January 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38258477/remote-seizures-and-drug-resistant-epilepsy-after-a-first-status-epilepticus-in-adults
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Niccolò Orlandi, Giada Giovannini, Maria Cristina Cioclu, Niccolò Biagioli, Laura Madrassi, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano, Matteo Pugnaghi, Simona Lattanzi, Stefano Meletti
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Long-term consequences after status epilepticus (SE) represent an unsettled issue. We investigated the incidence of remote unprovoked seizures (RS) and drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) in a cohort of first-ever SE survivors. METHODS: A retrospective, observational, and monocentric study was conducted on adult patients (age ≥ 14 years) with first SE who were consecutively admitted to the Modena Academic Hospital, Italy (September 2013-March 2022)...
January 23, 2024: European Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38223358/cardiac-abnormalities-in-refractory-status-epilepticus-an-exploratory-study
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deepika Saroha, Samhita Panda, Surender Deora, Sadik Mohammed
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cardiac abnormalities have been reported during ongoing seizures and refractory status epilepticus (RSE). Reduced heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac arrhythmias may contribute to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. We sought to explore the utility of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic changes in patients with RSE prognosis and functional outcome. METHODS: Patients of RSE underwent electrocardiogram (ECG), holter, troponin-I (Trop I), N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and 2-dimensional echocardiogram (2D Echo) along with continuous electroencephalogram in first 24 hours and admission...
December 2023: Journal of Epilepsy Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38152090/risk-factors-for-super-refractory-and-mortality-in-generalized-convulsive-status-epilepticus-a-10-year-retrospective-cohort-study
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dongmei Wang, Meirong Li, Yue Pan, Zhenzhou Lin, Zhong Ji, Xiaomei Zhang, Miaoqin Tan, Suyue Pan, Yongming Wu, Shengnan Wang
BACKGROUND: Generalized convulsive status epilepticus (GCSE) is one of the most challenging life-threatening neurological emergencies. If GCSE becomes super-refractory, it is associated with significant mortality. Although aggressive management of prolonged status epilepticus was conducted, the mortality has not decreased since the late 1990s. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to explore the risk factors for progression to super-refractory in patients with generalized convulsive status epilepticus (GCSE)...
2023: Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38117319/status-epilepticus-in-the-icu
#10
REVIEW
Andrea O Rossetti, Jan Claassen, Nicolas Gaspard
Status epilepticus (SE) is a common medical emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Management that follows published guidelines is best suited to improve outcomes, with the most severe cases frequently being managed in the intensive care unit (ICU). Diagnosis of convulsive SE can be made without electroencephalography (EEG), but EEG is required to reliably diagnose nonconvulsive SE. Rapidly narrowing down underlying causes for SE is crucial, as this may guide additional management steps...
December 20, 2023: Intensive Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38101201/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-status-epilepticus-in-down-syndrome-ds-a-case-report-and-systematic-literature-review
#11
REVIEW
Clarissa Corniello, Fedele Dono, Giacomo Evangelista, Astrid Thomas, Marco Onofrj, Stefano L Sensi
INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy is one of the most frequent neurological comorbidities in patients with Down Syndrome (DS). Young patients and adults are the most affected, the latter mostly showing a phenotype labeled as "Late-onset myoclonic epilepsy" (LOMEDS). Status epilepticus (SE) is a life-threatening complication in patients with epilepsy. In this study, we described a non-convulsive SE (NCSE) case in a patient diagnosed with LOMEDS. We also performed a systematic review of the literature on SE diagnosis and treatment in patients with Down Syndrome...
January 2024: Seizure: the Journal of the British Epilepsy Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38076278/early-onset-developmental-and-epileptic-encephalopathy-and-rett-like-phenotype-in-a-15-year-old-girl-affected-by-cornelia-de-lange-syndrome-type-2-due-to-a-smc1a-gene-mutation
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Parmeggiani, F Stanzial, E Menna, E Boni, F Manzoni, F Benedicenti, S Pellegrin
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are conditions in which a mutated gene may cause abnormal functioning of the central nervous system, resulting in both encephalopathy and epileptogenesis. We present a case of a girl with a DEE characterized by a Rett-like phenotype in association with febrile and afebrile clusters of focal seizures. The girl presented typical development until the age of 18 months, followed by regression. The first febrile bilateral tonic-clonic seizure was observed at 30 months of age, and the following month seizures recurred in clusters of several episodes per day every 10 days...
2023: Epilepsy & behavior reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38050141/electroencephalography-in-encephalopathy-and-encephalitis
#13
REVIEW
Hollie Morris, Peter W Kaplan, Nick Kane
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a useful adjunct to clinical neurological examination, particularly as it may detect subtle or subclinical disturbance of cerebral function and it allows monitoring of cerebral activity over time. Continuous EEG combined with quantitative analysis and machine learning may help identify changes in real time, before the emergence of clinical signs and response to interventions. EEG is rarely pathognomonic in encephalopathy/encephalitis but when interpreted correctly and within the clinical context, certain phenotypes may indicate a specific pathophysiology (eg, lateralised periodic discharges in HSV-1, generalised periodic discharges in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and extreme delta brushes in anti-n-methyl-D-aspartate receptor autoimmune encephalitis)...
January 23, 2024: Practical Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38050069/-protective-activity-of-novel-hydrophilic-synthetic-neurosteroids-on-organophosphate-status-epilepticus-induced-chronic-epileptic-seizures-non-convulsive-discharges-high-frequency-oscillations-and-electrographic-ictal-biomarkers
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sreevidhya Ramakrishnan, Tanveer Singh, Doodipala Samba Reddy
Nerve agents and organophosphates (OP) are neurotoxic chemicals that induce acute seizures, status epilepticus (SE), and mortality. Long-term neurological and neurodegenerative effects manifest months to years after OP exposure. Current benzodiazepine anticonvulsants are ineffective in preventing such long-term neurobehavioral and neuropathological changes. New and effective anticonvulsants are needed for OP intoxication, especially for mitigating the long-term sequelae after acute exposure. We developed neurosteroids as novel anticonvulsants and neuroprotectants in OP exposure models...
November 30, 2023: Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38049198/prevalence-of-non-convulsive-seizures-and-electroencephalographic-abnormalities-in-critically-ill-patients-a-retrospective-observational-study
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bipin Karki, Pramesh S Shrestha, Ninadini Shrestha, Olita Shilpakar, Subhash P Acharya, Ashru Neupane
OBJECTIVE: Electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities especially non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) have been found to be associated with worse outcomes in critically ill patients. We aimed to assess the prevalence of non-convulsive seizures and electroencephalographic abnormalities in critically ill patients. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate any association between the type of EEG abnormality and outcomes including ICU mortality and successful ICU discharge. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional observational study carried out among critically ill patients in a mixed medical-surgical ICU from January 1, 2018 to May 15, 2020...
December 4, 2023: Epilepsia Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38043417/clinical-letter-new-onset-epilepsy-presenting-as-non-convulsive-status-epilepticus-in-mucopolysaccharidosis-type-ii-a-case-report
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giulia Cannizzaro, Manuela L'Erario, Francesca Piras, Anna Rosati, Elena Procopio
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 2024: Seizure: the Journal of the British Epilepsy Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38041670/pragmatic-computerised-perfusion-diagnostics-for-non-convulsive-status-epilepticus-a-prospective-observational-study
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Merli, Michele Romoli, Simone Galluzzo, Lorenzo Bevacqua, Emanuele Saverio Cece, Gabriele Ricci, Stefania Testoni, Anna Zaniboni, Maria Maddalena Viola, Luigi Simonetti, Francesca Bisulli, Sara Contardi, Paolo Tinuper, Andrea Zini
BACKGROUND: Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is a time-dependent neurological disorder often misdiagnosed in the emergency setting. Electroencephalography (EEG) is often not available on a 24/7 basis, and Salzburg criteria may at times miss the diagnosis. Here, we tested the accuracy of hyperperfusion on CT perfusion imaging (CTP) in the identification of NCSE against Salzburg criteria, to define its potential role in a pragmatic diagnostic workflow. METHODS: We enrolled consecutive patients with suspected acute seizure or seizure disorder undergoing brain imaging with CTP and EEG from January 2021 to March 2023...
November 24, 2023: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38011881/-initial-management-of-status-epilepticus
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Motoki Inaji, Taketoshi Maehara
Status epilepticus(SE)is defined as a prolonged seizure and is a common neurological emergency with high morbidity and mortality rates. As uncontrolled SE causes irreversible neurological damage, prompt diagnosis and treatment are required. If anti-seizure medications and benzodiazepines, which are initial treatments for SE, are not effective and SE deteriorates to refractory, anesthetic drugs are needed to suppress seizure activity under electroencephalogram(EEG)monitoring. Continuous EEG monitoring is useful not only for evaluating the control of SE but also for diagnosing non-convulsive SE(NCSE)and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures...
November 2023: No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37964464/magnetic-resonance-imaging-findings-in-kenyans-and-south-africans-with-active-convulsive-epilepsy-an-observational-study
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Symon M Kariuki, Ryan G Wagner, Roxana Gunny, Felice D'Arco, Martha Kombe, Anthony K Ngugi, Steven White, Rachael Odhiambo, J Helen Cross, Josemir W Sander, Charles R J C Newton
OBJECTIVE: Focal epilepsy is common in low- and middle-income countries. The frequency and nature of possible underlying structural brain abnormalities have, however, not been fully assessed. METHODS: We evaluated the possible structural causes of epilepsy in 331 people with epilepsy (240 from Kenya and 91 from South Africa) identified from community surveys of active convulsive epilepsy. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans were acquired on 1.5-tesla scanners to determine the frequency and nature of underlying lesions...
November 14, 2023: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37954692/delayed-diagnosis-of-an-invisible-seizure-cefepime-induced-non-convulsive-status-epilepticus
#20
Saint-Martin Allihien, Sammudeen Ibrahim, Prabina Basnet, Kashish Palla, James Appiah-Pippim
Cefepime-induced non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is a recognized adverse event of cefepime. Risk factors for this adverse event include older age, underlying renal dysfunction, previous brain injury, diabetes, and severe infection. We present a case of a 79-year-old woman with no prior seizure history, who was admitted for Pseudomonas aeruginosa surgical wound infection for which she was on cefepime. She developed acute encephalopathy with associated, occasional, right-sided myoclonic facial twitches 11 days into her admission...
October 2023: Curēus
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