anticonceptives

Witches' broom and pod rot are the two most devastating diseases of cocoa in South America and Africa, respectively. Their control by means of phytosanitation and chemical fungicides is labor-intensive, costly and, in many cases, environmentally undesirable. Therefore efforts are made in order to identify alternative, environmentally safe and cost-efficient methods for the control of these pathogens. Promising candidates are components of the neem tree (Azadirachta indica), that have been used for centuries in Asia as insecticides, fungicides, anticonceptionals in popular medicine...

OBJECTIVE: Review of the literature (Medline) based on a clinical case. CASE: A twenty one year old lady presented with a one day history of acute right sided lower abdominal pain associated with leucocytosis and the clinical signs of an acute abdomen. Sonography showed fluid coincident with cocardal formation in the right lower abdomen. Incidentally a cystic formation in projection to the caudal pancreas was seen. A CT scan confirmed a cystic mass, 5 cm in diameter...

BACKGROUND: Although the genetic influence on polymorphic light eruption (PLE) is well established, the role of lifestyle factors is less well defined. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted that included 74 PLE patients and 102 controls. Each participant was interviewed about demographic, disease and lifestyle characteristics such as smoking, alcohol consumption and use of medications. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI)...

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OBJECTIVES: To establish the emergency contraception (EC) users profile and whether she perceives this type of contraception as an emergency. Design. Cross sectorial study (over one year period: March 2002-March 2003). SETTING: Emergency Services in Primary Care. Usera and Carabanchel; 11th Area; Madrid. PARTICIPANTS: Women requesting EC in these centres. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A questionary was filled out for all participants with their age, how many hours had spent since sexual intercourse took place (within 24 h), usual method of contraception used, previous use of EC, level of education, and reason for this request...

It is believed that there is an association between mitral valve prolapse, septal aneurysm and cerebral embolism. The real threat of cerebral stroke in patients with mitral valve prolapse or septal aneurysm is unknown. We present a case of a young woman with two previously described heart anomalies, who developed ischemic stroke during anticonception therapy.

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this paper are: 1. To study the demand and reasons why of the vasectomy in area 12 of Valencian Community. 2. To analyse the adverse effects of our series and the predictable risk factors. 3. To review the adverse effects in the national series. 4. To review the adverse effects referred to in international publications. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was made of 300 patients who had submitted themselves to a vasectomy between january 1992 and december 2000...

UNLABELLED: This review deals with the well known drug--folic acid, for which new indications have been discovered in recent years. The drug was used for 50 years in anemia megaloblastia, other anemias with bone marrow hypofunction, in leucopenia and granulocytopenia, in celiac disease and sprue and folic acid deficit during oral anticonceptive drug use. From recent investigations follows that there are strong indications for the use of folic acid in a periconceptual period and during pregnancy (at least 600 micrograms per day) and during lactation--to prevent neural tube defects...

Three women developed severe acne vulgaris within several weeks to a few months after either insertion of a levonorgestrel IUD (two women, 27 and 33 years of age) or subcutaneous implantation of an etonogestrel implant (26-year-old woman). The first woman had had acne previously; her IUD was removed and she was transferred to oral contraception with cyproterone-ethinyloestradiol. The second woman was treated with a peeling cream. The third woman changed to an oral anticonceptive and was treated with isotretinoin...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

A transversal study was realized in order to identify information about anticonceptive methods in high school students. The sample included 816 adolescents of both genders from public schools in Aracaju, Sergipe. With respect to this information, demographic, pedagogical, behavioral and reproductive aspects were also analyzed. It was verified that 59.0% of the teenagers have an active sexual life and 57.7% affirmed that they do not receive information about anticonceptive methods in school. Magazines, books and newspapers obtained 28% as sources of information and the male condom (84...

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The present communication concerns factors, the application of which may contribute to reduce the transfer rate of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including geomedical aspects. The factors elaborated on are, e.g. maternal health care, sexual education early in life, health prevention programmes and sexual risk reduction counselling of commercial sex workers, screening activities as well as recommendation of preventive strategies based on analyses of monitored data from screening studies. Case- and carrier detection stimulated by society-, company- and client-initiatives, syndrome-based therapy of STIs, barrier- (condom) and hormonal anticonception counselling and the special features of HIV/AIDS prevention are also elaborated on...

A growing, heterogeneous group of children with congenital heart disease is surviving into adulthood due to advances in medicine. These patients including those with simple and complex congenital heart disease and operated on during childhood are facing long-term complications. Superspecialist care and expertise are required during their life to deal with their unique problems the most common being ventricular failure, arrhythmias, valve and conduit longevity. Teenagers and adolescents disappear from both medical and parental care because of the lack of transition programs...

The preparative technology for sustained release drug delivery microspheres of levo-norgestrol-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) was optimized based on the in-liquid-drying method. The formation of the drug microspheres was confirmed with differential thermal analysis. The appearance, particle size and distribution, residual CHCl3, drug content, drug release characteristics in vitro, stability and anticonceptive effect on mice of the microspheres were all examined. The average particle size was 64 microm with over 90% of the microspheres being in the range of 28...

The influence of weight reduction and female sex hormones on the regulation of lipolysis was investigated in isolated abdominal sc adipocytes from 20 obese hyperandrogenic women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Nine PCOS women were reinvestigated after 8-12 weeks of weight reduction therapy (WR) with a very low calorie diet, inducing a mean loss of 8 +/- 3 kg, and 8 PCOS women were reinvestigated after 12 weeks of treatment with combined oral contraceptives (OC), containing ethinyl estradiol and norethisterone; the remaining 3 subjects were drop-outs...

After a history of some years, the Dutch Association of Medical Women (VNVA) was founded in 1933. The aim of the Association was to promote the interests of women doctors. At that time about 5% of the physicians were women. Their position on the labour market was not at all equal to that of their male colleagues. In 1949 some VNVA members played an important part in stimulating the recognition of women's interests by publishing on anticonception in this journal. It is still necessary to pay attention to equal opportunities for women doctors...

The aim of this survey was to examine the number of abortion applicants not using contraception at the time of conception, to shed light on the reasons for this, and to acquire information about the knowledge of postcoital anticonception in this patient group. The registered data is collected from precoded medical records at the University Hospital of Trondheim comprising 2,074 women applying for abortion in the period 1.1. 1995-15.7. 1997. The 291 applying for abortion 15.1-15.7. 1997, and who had not used contraception were given a questionnaire...

The history, objectives and aims of this programme are described in detail. The principal goals achieved on anticonception, reproductive biology and abortion are analyzed, with special reference to the research done in Chile. The strengthening of research capabilities at national level was pointed out with special mention to the Chilean case.