heavy eye syndrome

PurposeThe aim of this study is to assess the importance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before surgery in highly myopic patients, evaluating the capability of imaging to identify muscles displacement and orbital pulley abnormalities and their role in the pathogenesis of heavy eye syndrome (HES).MethodsWe reviewed the medical records and high-resolution orbital MRIs of highly myopic adults with HES, who underwent surgery for strabismus at the Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital of Bologna from January 2007 to June 2016...

AIM: To quantify the association between alcohol consumption and dry eye syndrome (DES) with Meta-analysis of published case-control and cross-sectional studies. METHODS: Three databases were screened for potentially eligible studies through Nov. 30, 2015, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Odds ratios (ORs) were pooled with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the relationship between alcohol consumption and DES risk. Subgroup analyses were performed according to diagnostic criteria, publication year, sample size, alcohol intake and adjusted factors...

A 37-year-old woman presented with progressive large-angle esotropia (>140(Δ)) since childhood. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/80 in right eye and unrecordable in the left eye because of severe esotropia and limitation of abduction. Computed tomography of the orbits showed presence of nasal displacement of the superior rectus muscle and inferior displacement of the lateral rectus muscle in the left eye, which was confirmed intraoperatively. Intraoperatively, axial length was 23 mm in the right eye and 24...

PURPOSE: Simple loop myopexy or retro-equitorial muscle union surgery has been shown to effectively treat the strabismus seen in heavy eye syndrome. In most cases, this has been described with combined recession of the medial rectus muscle, particularly where medial rectus contracture was demonstrated on forced duction testing intraoperatively. The authors report the outcomes of muscle union surgery alone without combined medial rectus recession in 29 eyes with heavy eye syndrome. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of 26 patients and 29 eyes with heavy eye syndrome treated with a simple loop myopexy procedure...

BACKGROUND: Heavy eye syndrome (HES) presents with esotropia and limited abduction due to superotemporal globe shift relative to the extraocular muscles. Sagging eye syndrome (SES) was originally described in nonmyopic patients exhibiting distance esotropia and cyclovertical strabismus with limited supraduction due to lateral rectus muscle inferodisplacement caused by degeneration of the lateral rectus-superior rectus (LR-SR) band. We hypothesized that SES might also cause strabismus in high myopia...

Auto-antibodies assist with the diagnosis of ocular paraneoplastic syndromes and autoimmune ocular conditions; however, the frequency of positive test results as a possible precursor to future disease is unknown. The frequency of positive antibodies in heavy smokers who may be at risk for autoimmune-related retinopathy and optic neuropathy was evaluated. Serum antibody activity was evaluated through the use of Western blot reactions from pig retina and optic nerve extract. Fifty-one patients were included: 35 patients were smokers (average: 40...

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of the present article is to describe the pathophysiology of esotropia associated with high myopia, commonly known as heavy eye syndrome, and discuss the preoperative evaluation and surgical options in these complex patients. RECENT FINDINGS: Numerous studies have looked to determine the cause of esotropia in patients with high myopia. Orbital imaging has shown a nasal displacement of the superior rectus muscle and an inferior displacement of the lateral rectus muscle...

OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical, in vivo confocal microscopic, histopathologic, polymerase chain reaction assay for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) and immunohistochemical features of a horse with suspected malignant transformation of corneal B lymphocytes in immune-mediated keratitis (IMMK) and to also report surgical management and adjunctive treatment including topical and radiation therapies. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 15-year-old Oldenburg gelding was examined for presumptive progressive stromal IMMK of the right eye which became refractory to medical management...

Lateral rectus-superior rectus band degeneration with aging is the major cause of sagging eye syndrome, which usually presents with small-angle esotropia or hypotropia. In contrast, heavy eye syndrome, also called myopic strabismus fixus, is characterized by profound esotropia and hypotropia with the eyeball fixed nasally. We report the case of a 71-year-old man with sagging eye syndrome presenting with strabismus fixus and no myopia.

A 42-year-old man presenting with complaints of squint for last 20 years. His visual acuity was 20/400 in right eye (RE) and 20/30 in left eye (LE) with glasses. His refraction was RE -16.75/-2.5 D cycl 180 and LE was -14.5/-1.5 D cycl 180. His axial length was 31.23 mm In RE and 29.72 mm in LE. On examination we found he had RE large esotropia with hypotropia measuring 130 pd base out and 40 pd base up in RE. A computerized tomography scan revealed that the superior rectus (SR) was shifted nasally, and lateral rectus (LR) was shifted inferiorly...

BACKGROUND: Keshanjana (collyrium) is a well known Ayurvedic preparation prepared out of Keshamasi (ash prepared by scalp hairs) mixed with Goghrita (cow's ghee). This medicine is indicated for the treatment of Shushkakshipaka (dry eye syndrome) in the classical literature of Ayurveda; hence, it was under taken for standardization and clinical evaluation in an extra-mural research project from Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Department of AYUSH, New Delhi. AIM: To develop standard quality parameters for the Keshamasi, Keshanjana and Keshamasi ointment...

Highly myopic strabismus, also known as 'heavy eye syndrome' or 'myopic strabismus fixus', is an acquired restrictive strabismus occurred in patients with pathologic myopia. Patients often manifest extreme esotropia, hypotropia and restrictive ocular motility.Recession of medial rectus and resection of lateral rectus, even dis-insertion of medial rectus surgery often have limited effect in the severe high myopia strabismus, and susceptible to recur postoperatively.In the European strabismus meeting of 2001, Yokoyama first proposed a new surgical idea, he suggested to union the lateral rectus and superior rectus together, and use it as a muscle pulley to push the herniated eyeball back into the muscle cone...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in preventing deterioration in eyes with pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS). METHODS: A cohort study. Nineteen patients with PDS were treated with LPI and followed up periodically in Beijing Tongren Eye Center from May 2006 to April 2007. One eye of each patient was chosen randomly for the study. Main investigating items included iris configuration, intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior chamber pigmentation, and visual field analysis...

The majority of individuals appear to have insight into their own sleepiness, but there is some evidence that this does not hold true for all, for example treated patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Identification of sleep-related symptoms may help drivers determine their sleepiness, eye symptoms in particular show promise. Sixteen participants completed four motorway drives on two separate occasions. Drives were completed during daytime and night-time in both a driving simulator and on the real road. Ten eye symptoms were rated at the end of each drive, and compared with driving performance and subjective and objective sleep metrics recorded during driving...

Vertiginous headache encompasses patients with dizziness or vertigo as well as headache, even though the symptoms may not occur in an obvious temporal relationship. The type of dizziness experienced by patients is different from the heavy-headedness experienced during rhinogenic headache. Patients may have a personal or family history of typical or atypical migraine. They should be evaluated for possible Meniere syndrome, migraine headaches, and/or eye movement disorders. Management is directed to treatment of the underlying abnormality...

UNLABELLED: Melkerrson-Rosenthal syndrome is a rare disorder of unknown etiology. The classical triad of recurrent facial paralysis, swelling of the face, lips and deep furrowed tongue (Lingua Plicata) is seen in very few cases, majority of the patients often present with one or two symptoms only, which often leads to misdiagnosis and mismanagement. Clinically these symptoms vary from days to years, which further delay the definitive diagnosis and symptoms may eventually become permanent...

BACKGROUND: Glaucoma and dry eye disorders (DEDs) are frequent comorbidities. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids have been extensively studied in relation to eye diseases. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine the effects of oral supplementation with a combined formulation of antioxidants and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids on expression of cytokines and chemokines in tears from patients with DEDs or primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)...

OBJECTIVE: Intraocular lymphoma (IOL) is a rare condition and frequently difficult to distinguish from uveitis or other uveitis-masquerading syndromes. The diagnosis is confirmed by cytologic examination of ocular fluid specimens and more recently by molecular-immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) translocation or cytokine analysis. However, some of these more recent methods have not been validated by follow-up studies. DESIGN: Evaluation of a diagnostic test. PARTICIPANTS: In a cohort of 51 consecutive patients with a clinical suspicion of IOL, vitreous analysis was performed via multicolor flowcytometric immunophenotyping...

PURPOSE: To report the clinical features and surgical outcomes of two patients with heavy eye syndrome who underwent partial Jensen's procedure. CASE REPORT: A 21-year-old man and a 24-year-old woman with high myopia (-18 and -8 diopters, respectively), high axial length (27.5 and 24.6 mm), progressive esotropia (40 and 50 prism diopters), hypotropia (5 and 2 prism diopters), abduction limitation, and inferior displacement of the lateral rectus on computed tomography were diagnosed with heavy eye syndrome and underwent partial Jensen's procedure...