orthopaedic war

INTRODUCTION: Designed in 1972 the Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) is widely used to assess a cognition on hospital admission. The Nottingham Hip Fracture Score uses this in predicting morbidity/mortality in neck of femur fracture. The consequences of misappropriating cognitive impairment could have lasting implications. Questions about the monarchy or World War One and Two may be inappropriate for today's diverse society. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 100 patients were questioned during routine fracture clinic appointments...

For more than 3 decades, extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been clinically implemented in urologic and orthopaedic indications. Here, we present the case of a patient with envenomation from a highly toxic jellyfish-like siphonophore ( Physalia physalis ) with a toxic contact dermatitis resulting in chronic eruptive skin lesions. The skin lesions on the dorsal right hand lasted more than 16 weeks and were refractive to local cortisone treatment. They finally healed after 8 applications of low-energy planar/defocused ESWT over 4 weeks...

Alexander William Lipmann Kessel (1914-1986) was as surgeon connected to the 16th Parachute Field Ambulance Royal Army Medical Corps and as such he was dropped in The Netherlands in September 1944 to care for the wounded during the battle for the Rhine bridge at Arnhem. His military and post military career were inspirational and led to preservation of lives during the war and progress in orthopaedic surgery after the war. In this paper, we discuss his biography and the contributions he made to orthopaedic surgery...

INTRODUCTION: The Great War (1914-1918) caused a dramatic increase in the number of limbless invalids. Orthopaedics became the field of medicine that could offer the most effective help for those patients. OBJECTIVE: This review article aims to present how new operations and methods in the field of orthopaedics spread to other countries during the Great War. METHODS: Historical photographs of patients treated by being given hand prostheses are analysed and discussed as a case study of the transfer of orthopaedic techniques in Europe...

PURPOSE: From the eleventh to the thirteenth century, three major events marked surgery in France: the appearance of an epidemic linked to ergotism which led to numerous amputations, the emergence of barber surgeons for civilian practice, and the organization of war surgery for the First Crusade. MATERIAL AND METHODS: If a certain separation between medicine and surgery had appeared at the beginning of the Middle Ages, it would have been from 1215 (at the time of the Lateran Council) that the real separation between medicine and surgery was made...

Modern hand surgery in Thailand started after the end of World War II. It is divided into 4 phases. In the initial phase (1950-1965), the surgery of the hand was mainly performed by general surgeons. In 1965-1975, which was the second phase, many plastic surgeons and orthopaedic surgeons graduated from foreign countries and came back to Thailand. They played a vital role in the treatment of the surgery of the hand and set up hand units in many centers. They also contributed to the establishment of the "Thai Society for Surgery of the Hand," which still continues to operate...

Despite the recent decrease in high tempo combat operations, threats to the medical readiness of Service Members remain a persistent issue. In fact, recent research efforts have demonstrated that musculoskeletal disease nonbattle injury represents perhaps the most immediate threat to the medical readiness of Service Members over the past several years. Innovations in a number of therapeutic options, particularly orthobiologics, have shown substantial promise in accelerating recovery and returning tactical athletes to full, unrestricted duties...

This paper describes the life and work of Louis Ombrédanne, one of the founding fathers of the SICOT, a notorious French orthopaedic and paediatric surgeon with a strong interest in plastic surgery and reconstruction of post-traumatic defects and also with limb lengthening and treatment of sequalae. Born in Paris in 1871 as a son of a general practitioner doctor, Ombrédanne was a brilliant student enjoying anatomy and surgery since the early years. He was appointed as a Surgeon in 1902 in Paris and became Professor of Surgery in 1907...

INTRODUCTION: There is little systematic tracking or detailed analysis of investments in research and development for blast injury to support decision-making around research future funding. METHODS: This study examined global investments into blast injury-related research from public and philanthropic funders across 2000-2019. Research databases were searched using keywords, and open data were extracted from funder websites. Data collected included study title, abstract, award amount, funder and year...

PURPOSE: To demonstrate that Špišić's photographs were used as a tool in representing the strategies and public health position of orthopaedics as an emerging medical specialty in Croatia in the period from 1915 to 1917. METHODS: Formal and contextual analysis of photographs included in the book How we help our invalids: Images from our orthopaedic hospital and courses for disabled people, which was published in 1917 by the founder of orthopaedics in Croatia Božidar Špišić (1879-1957), as well as historical documents and articles...

The COVID-19 pandemic has redefined global health care. With almost 13 million confirmed cases worldwide, medical professionals have been forced to modify their practice to take care of an expanded, critically ill population. Institutions have been challenged to implement innovative ways to maximize the utility and the safety of residents and personnel. Guided by lessons learned from prior mass causalities, wars, and previous pandemics, adjustments have been made in order to provide optimal care for all patients while still protecting limited resources and the lives of health care workers...

AIM OF THE STUDY: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the musculoskeletal injury types, infections, and treatments of the patients injured in Libyan civil war. METHODS: A total of 291 patients (288 male, 3 female) treated in our clinic, between November 2011 and April 2020, were included in our retrospective study. Patients' age, injury severity score (ISS), injury type, mechanism, location, accompanying traumas, infection, and operations in Libya and in our clinic were evaluated...

Previously were published well-known data on Rijeka physician, Dr Ljubica Bosner, about her work in the Ogulin, Bjelovar, Petrinja and Rijeka hospitals during her excellent surgical and gynaecological and obstetric practice. The new and now accessible archives of personal and professional items complete incomplete and unknown biographical information. After her internship, Dr Bosner worked at a public county hospital in Velika Gorica as a secondary doctor at a well-known orthopaedic ward of that hospital. Circumstances of going to the Ogulin hospital with an oath to the reigning King Peter II for fidelity, then her professional activity as a surgeon at the newly opened Foundation Hospital Rebro Zagreb, with occasional departures to the position of director of the hospital and surgeon in Petrinja and Varaždin, and after the war to new positions at the Regional People's Board in Istria, are of particular social and historical interest...

BACKGROUND: From February 21, the day of hospitalisation in ICU of the first diagnosed case of Covid-19, the social situation and the hospitals' organisation throughout Italy dramatically changed. METHODS: The CIO (Club Italiano dell'Osteosintesi) is an Italian society devoted to the study of traumatology that counts members spread in public and private hospitals throughout the country. Fifteen members of the CIO, Chairmen of 15 Orthopaedic and Trauma Units of level 1 or 2 trauma centres in Italy, have been involved in the study...

Background: In recent years, more than 120 million people each year have needed urgent humanitarian assistance and protection. Armed conflict has profoundly negative consequences in communities. Destruction of civilian infrastructure impacts access to basic health services and complicates widespread emergency responses. The number of conflicts occurring is increasing, lasting longer and affecting more people today than a decade ago. The number of children living in conflict zones has been steadily increasing since the year 2000, increasing the need for health services and resources...

PURPOSE: One of the oldest procedures performed by man is trepanning of the bone and yet it was only in the last 40 years that bone marrow aspiration has been used to treat nonunion disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: These advances were possible due to improvements in instruments and in techniques to make holes in the bone, an history that began with skull trephinations around 8000-10,000 years ago, and continued with sternum bone marrow injection for trauma resuscitation in the beginning of the twentieth century; this procedure had improved at the beginning of the twenty-first century to allow pelvis bone marrow aspiration for the treatment of nonunion...

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BACKGROUND: Arterial traumas of the extremities are quite rare in civilian records; nevertheless, patients with trauma of limbs are admitted daily in emergency departments worldwide. The up-to-date information about epidemiology and treatment (open vs. endovascular surgery) comes from war records and it is not always easy getting data on mortality and morbidity in these patients. The aim of this study is to analyze the approach (open or endovascular) and the outcome of patients with vascular trauma of upper limbs (from the subclavian artery) and/or lower limbs (distal to the inguinal ligament), in the greater Milan area...

The use of Kuntscher nail for femur fracture dates back to World War 2. Since then, the technique of intramedullary nailing has evolved and the use of Kuntscher nail has become almost obsolete. The orthopaedic surgeons across the globe are facing a new challenge of removal of these Kuntscher nails due to different indications. Different but scattered English literature has been published describing the experiences and techniques of surgeon with K nail removal. Up till now, no systematic analysis has been performed evaluating the available literature...

From an orthopaedic perspective, our military personnel truly are warrior athletes. Distilling the information available in these subjects provides an enlightening microcosm of the management of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Symptoms associated with damage caused by FAI represent the culmination of a process present since childhood. Thus, while arthroscopic correction can result in significant improvement, it does not invariably result in full restoration of function. Numerous factors influence an individual's response to injury and recovery from surgery, including subjective parameters such as resiliency...