Dental implant surface

Background Varied surface coatings have been studied time and again in medical sciences. Whether general or dental, studying the performance of coatings aims to assess their potential to improve the durability and longevity of titanium implants, thereby advancing implant technology for enhanced patient outcomes. Various analytical techniques are utilized to assess the performance of the coating, providing insights into its effectiveness in preventing corrosion. The findings of this evaluation will contribute to our understanding of corrosion mitigation strategies for titanium implants and pave the way for the development of more durable implant materials...

Renewable electricity-powered nitrate/carbon dioxide co-reduction reaction toward urea production paves an attractive alternative to industrial urea processes and offers a clean on-site approach to closing the global nitrogen cycle. However, its large-scale implantation is severely impeded by challenging C-N coupling and requires electrocatalysts with high activity/selectivity. Here, cobalt-nanoparticles anchored on carbon nanosheet (Co NPs@C) is proposed as a catalyst electrode to boost yield and Faradaic efficiency (FE) toward urea electrosynthesis with enhanced C-N coupling...

Soft and stretchable conductors with high electrical conductivity and tissue-like mechanical properties are crucial for both on-skin and implantable electronic devices. Liquid metal-based conductors hold great promise due to their metallic conductivity and minimal stiffness. However, the surface oxidation of liquid metal particles in polymeric matrices poses a challenge in forming a continuous pathway for highly conductive elastic composites. Here, we report a printable composite material based on liquid metal and conducting polymer that undergoes a self-assembly process, achieving high conductivity (2089 S cm-1 ) in the bottom surface while maintaining an insulated top surface, high stretchability (>800%), and a modulus akin to human skin tissue...

It is known that titanium (Ti) implant surfaces exhibit poor antibacterial properties and osteogenesis. In this study, chitosan particles loaded with aspirin, amoxicillin or aspirin + amoxicillin were synthesized and coated onto implant surfaces. In addition to analysing the surface characteristics of the modified Ti surfaces, the effects of the modified Ti surfaces on the adhesion and viability of rat bone marrow-derived stem cells (rBMSCs) were evaluated. The metabolic activities of Staphylococcus aureus (S...

OBJECTIVES: the aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of a novel auxiliary geometric device (AGD) on the accuracy of full-arch scans made with 3 different intra-oral scanners (IOS). METHODS: An edentulous maxillary model with four internal connection implant replicas was scanned using three different IOS: iTero Element 5D (ITERO) (Align Technology, Tempe, AZ, USA), Trios 4 (TRIOS) (3Shape A/S Holmens Kanal 7 1060 Copenhagen Denmark), and Carestream 3700 (CS) (Carestream Dental, Atlanta, USA)...

OBJECTIVE:  Peri-implantitis is a common complication in implant therapy and it is one of the main contributing factors to implant failure. This can be prevented by regular maintenance with mechanical debridement. One of the recent mechanical debridement methods is air abrasion therapy using different abrasive powders. This study aimed to evaluate the two common abrasive powders of different sizes (sodium bicarbonate and erythritol) for their biofilm cleaning efficacy on dental implant surfaces...

Additive manufacturing enables local grading of the stiffness of dental implants through targeted adjustment of the manufacturing parameters to meet patient specific requirements. The extent to which such a manufacturing approach affects the interaction between the implant body and the surrounding bone, and what grading is optimal, is currently insufficiently investigated. This study investigates the effect of different Young's modulus grading approaches on stresses in the peri-implant bone via finite element analysis...

Tissue engineering and electrotherapy are two promising methods to promote tissue repair. However, their integration remains an underexplored area, because their requirements on devices are usually distinct. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have shown great potential to develop self-powered devices. However, due to their susceptibility to moisture, TENGs have to be encapsulated in vivo. Therefore, existing TENGs cannot be employed as tissue engineering scaffolds, which require direct interaction with surrounding cells...

OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed at assessing the effects of restraint stress and sandblasting; sandblasting with acid etching; Er-Cr: YSGG laser treatment; and propolis coating of implant surfaces on the implant stability quotient (ISQ) of grade 4 titanium dental implant osseointegration in model dogs. METHODS: A total of forty-eight CPTi dental implants were divided into four groups according to surface treatment: group A: sandblasting with acid etching; group B: sandblasting with Al2 O3 ; group C: Er-Cr: YSGG laser; and group D: propolis coating...

Peri-implantitis is a growing pathological concern for dental implants which aggravates the occurrence of revision surgeries. This increases the burden on both hospitals and the patients themselves. Research is now focused on the development of materials and accompanying implants designed to resist biofilm formation. To enhance this endeavor, a smart method of biofilm inhibition coupled with limiting toxicity to the host cells is crucial. Therefore, this research aims to establish a proof-of-concept for the pH-triggered release of chlorhexidine (CHX), an antiseptic commonly used in mouth rinses, from a titanium (Ti) substrate to inhibit biofilm formation on its surface...

The clinical success of dental titanium implants is profoundly linked to implant stability and osseointegration, which comprises pre-osteoblast proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and extracellular mineralization. Because of the bio-inert nature of titanium, surface processing using subtractive or additive methods enhances osseointegration ability but limits the benefit due to accompanying surface contamination. By contrast, laser processing methods increase the roughness of the implant surface without contamination...

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Candida albicans on subgingival biofilm formation on dental implant surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to compare biofilm structure and microbial biomass in the presence and absence of the fungus after periods of 24, 48, and 72 h. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to quantify the number of viable and total micro-organisms for each of the biofilm-forming strains. A general linear model was applied to compare CLSM and qPCR results between the control and test conditions...

Titanium is the most used material for implant production. To increase its biocompatibility, continuous research on new coatings has been performed by the scientific community. The aim of the present paper is to prepare new coatings on the surfaces of the pure Ti Grade 2 and the Ti6Al4V alloy. Three types of coatings were achieved by applying anodization and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods: TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) were formed by anodization, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were obtained through a metal-catalyst-free CVD process, and a bilayer coating (TiO2 nanotubes/carbon nanostructures) was prepared via successive anodization and CVD processes...

This split-mouth randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the primary and secondary stability of hybrid implants with different thread configurations and hydrophilic surfaces. Twenty patients with a partially edentulous maxilla were selected. These patients received two types of implants with the same hydrophilic surface: CTP group: Cylindrical-Tapered implant with perforating threads; CTH: Cylindrical-Tapered implant with hybrid threads configuration (perforating and condensing threads). The primary and secondary stability parameters were measured by insertion torque and resonance frequency analysis at the time of implant placement and 7, 28, 56, and 90 days after the surgical procedure...

Miniscrews are devices that allow for absolute skeletal anchorage. However, their use has a higher failure rate (10-30%) than dental implants (10%). To overcome these flaws, chemical and/or mechanical treatment of the surface of miniscrews has been suggested. There is no consensus in the current literature about which of these methods is the gold standard; thus, our objective was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on surface treatments of miniscrews. The review protocol was registered (PROSPERO CRD42023408011) and is in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines...

Peri-implantitis continues to be one of the major reasons for implant failure. We propose a new approach to the incorporation of MTA into zirconia implant surfaces with Nd:YAG laser and investigate the biological and the microbiological responses of peri-implant cells. Discs of zirconia stabilized with yttria and titanium were produced according to the following four study groups: Nd:YAG laser-textured zirconia coated with MTA (Zr MTA), Nd:YAG laser-textured zirconia (Zr textured), polished zirconia discs, and polished titanium discs (Zr and Ti)...

BACKGROUND: Dental implant-supported prostheses have been scientifically accepted and have been a common treatment choice in the case reconstructing of partial or total tooth loss. In additon, bone grafts (alloplast, xsenograft, allograft) are frequently used in implant and sinus lift surgical procedures. AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the bone-implant osseointegration levels of titanium implants simultaniously placed with different bone grafts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the study, 32 female S...

Peri-implant gingival tissue integration (GTI) is pivotal in determining the long-term success and functionality of dental implants. To enhance GTI, researchers have increasingly focused during the past decade on unravelling the response of gingival tissues to implant surfaces. This increased focus on soft instead of hard tissue integration has led to the development of various models, including in vitro cell culture systems and in vivo animal models, designed to predict and assess GTI around dental implants...

OBJECTIVE: . Aim: To study the stability of surface-modified dental implants, with the usage of sandblasting/acid modification vs. photoactivation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: In the observation were included 164 patients with dental defects. All patients had digital impressions taken by scanning the oral cavity with an intraoral scanner 3Shape TRIOSR. Group A (80 subjects) included implants whose surface was modified with a combination of sandblasting and acid...

This study aimed to investigate the effect of four retention systems for implant-supported posterior crowns under compressive loading using three-dimensional finite element analysis. A morse-taper dental implant (4.1 × 10 mm) was designed with Computer Aided Design software based on non-uniform rational B-spline surfaces. According to International Organization for Standardization 14,801:2016, the implant was positioned at 3 mm above the crestal level. Then four models were designed with different crown retention systems: screw-retained (A), cement-retained (B), lateral-screw-retained (C), and modified lateral-screw-retained (D)...