keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490995/a-review-of-real-world-evidence-on-preemptive-pharmacogenomic-testing-for-preventing-adverse-drug-reactions-a-reality-for-future-health-care
#1
REVIEW
Santenna Chenchula, Shubham Atal, Chakradhara Rao S Uppugunduri
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a significant public health concern and a leading cause of hospitalization; they are estimated to be the fourth leading cause of death and increasing healthcare costs worldwide. Carrying a genetic variant could alter the efficacy and increase the risk of ADRs associated with a drug in a target population for commonly prescribed drugs. The use of pre-emptive pharmacogenetic/omic (PGx) testing can improve drug therapeutic efficacy, safety, and compliance by guiding the selection of drugs and/or dosages...
March 15, 2024: Pharmacogenomics Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490300/systemic-corticosteroid-uses-in-endodontics-part-2-enhancing-the-success-of-local-anesthesia
#2
REVIEW
Norah Alajlan, Alonso Carrasco-Labra, Bekir Karabucak, Su-Min Lee
INTRODUCTION: Chronic inflammation in irreversible pulpitis leads to heightened sensitivity of nociceptive receptors, resulting in persistent hyperalgesia. This poses significant challenges in achieving effective anesthesia for patients with irreversible pulpitis. Various anesthetic techniques and pharmacological approaches have been employed to enhance the success of local anesthesia. Recently, the preemptive use of anti-inflammatory agents, specifically corticosteroids, has gained attention and shown promising results in randomized controlled trials...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Endodontics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489136/comparing-pre-and-postoperative-etoricoxib-administration-versus-only-postoperative-on-third-molar-extraction-sequelae-and-oral-health-quality-of-life-a-prospective-quasi-experimental-study
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa, Matteo Consoli, Roula S Abiad, Angelo Toscano, Eugenio Pedullà
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the impact of pre- and postoperative etoricoxib administration versus only postoperative on third molar extraction sequelae and oral health quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective quasi experimental study involved 56 patients, divided into a study group receiving preemptive etoricoxib 120 mg before surgery and postoperative etoricoxib 120 mg (n = 28), and a control group receiving preemptive placebo before surgery and postoperative etoricoxib 120 mg (n = 28)...
March 15, 2024: Clinical Oral Investigations
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482965/molecular-pathological-approach-to-cancer-epigenomics-and-its-clinical-application
#4
REVIEW
Yae Kanai
Careful microscopic observation of histopathological specimens, accumulation of large numbers of high-quality tissue specimens, and analysis of molecular pathology in relation to morphological features are considered to yield realistic data on the nature of multistage carcinogenesis. Since the morphological hallmark of cancer is disruption of the normal histological structure maintained through cell-cell adhesiveness and cellular polarity, attempts have been made to investigate abnormalities of the cadherin-catenin cell adhesion system in human cancer cells...
March 14, 2024: Pathology International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481086/care-for-breast-cancer-survivors-in-asian-countries-a-review-of-sexual-dysfunction
#5
REVIEW
Minal Jehan, Sumran Azam, Muskan Asim Taimuri, Anusha Sumbal, Ayesha Azhar, Alina Amir, Malik Olatunde Oduoye, Asra Zainab, Areeba Ikram, Tehreem Ali
Breast cancer accounts for one in three new cancer cases in women each year. Despite having a higher survival rate than other cancers, it is associated with various side effects, including anorgasmia, vaginismus, hair loss, and decreased libido. This review aims to explore trends in the incidence of sexual dysfunction in breast cancer survivors, the etiology of sexual dysfunction, and the role of factors such as family history, age, duration of marriage, and depression in predisposing patients. We summarize the limitations of the treatment modalities already used to cater to sexual dysfunction in breast cancer survivors and patients...
2024: Women's Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479451/preemptive-aortic-side-branch-embolization-during-evar-using-the-excluder-stent-graft-system-a-prospective-multicenter-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koji Sasaki, Masato Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Gentsu, Ryota Kawasaki, Naokazu Miyamoto, Kensuke Uotani, Noriaki Sakamoto, Tetsuya Fukuda, Hiroki Horinouchi, Takanori Taniguchi, Takeki Mori, Yojiro Koda, Katsuhiro Yamanaka, Hiroaki Takahashi, Kenji Okada, Toshitaka Watanabe, Taro Hayashi, Yoshikatsu Nomura, Keigo Matsushiro, Eisuke Ueshima, Takuya Okada, Koji Sugimoto, Takamichi Murakami
PURPOSE: The occurrence of endoleaks, particularly type 2 endoleaks (EL2), is the primary cause of poor long-term prognosis after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of preemptive transcatheter arterial embolization (P-TAE) for aortic side branches (ASBs) to prevent EL2 before EVAR using the Excluder stent-graft system (EXCLUDER). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective, multicenter study, 80 patients (mean age, 79...
March 11, 2024: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology: JVIR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478629/an-orally-bioavailable-sars-cov-2-main-protease-inhibitor-exhibits-improved-affinity-and-reduced-sensitivity-to-mutations
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Westberg, Yichi Su, Xinzhi Zou, Pinghan Huang, Arjun Rustagi, Jaishree Garhyan, Puja Bhavesh Patel, Daniel Fernandez, Yan Wu, Chenzhou Hao, Chieh-Wen Lo, Marwah Karim, Lin Ning, Aimee Beck, Panatda Saenkham-Huntsinger, Vivian Tat, Aleksandra Drelich, Bi-Hung Peng, Shirit Einav, Chien-Te K Tseng, Catherine Blish, Michael Z Lin
Inhibitors of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease (Mpro ) such as nirmatrelvir (NTV) and ensitrelvir (ETV) have proven effective in reducing the severity of COVID-19, but the presence of resistance-conferring mutations in sequenced viral genomes raises concerns about future drug resistance. Second-generation oral drugs that retain function against these mutants are thus urgently needed. We hypothesized that the covalent hepatitis C virus protease inhibitor boceprevir (BPV) could serve as the basis for orally bioavailable drugs that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Mpro more efficiently than existing drugs...
March 13, 2024: Science Translational Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466418/telomere-dynamics-during-hibernation-in-a-tropical-primate
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M B Blanco, D L Smith, L K Greene, A D Yoder, E E Ehmke, J Lin, P H Klopfer
Hibernation is a widespread metabolic strategy among mammals for surviving periods of food scarcity. During hibernation, animals naturally alternate between metabolically depressed torpor bouts and energetically expensive arousals without ill effects. As a result, hibernators are promising models for investigating mechanisms that buffer against cellular stress, including telomere protection and restoration. In non-hibernators, telomeres, the protective structural ends of chromosomes, shorten with age and metabolic stress...
March 11, 2024: Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466197/immunogenicity-of-covid-19-vaccines-in-patients-with-cirrhosis-a-meta-analysis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lichen Ouyang, Gang Lei, Yeli Gong
The immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with liver cirrhosis remains largely unknown. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cirrhosis and compare the humoral and cellular immune responses following complete COVID-19 vaccination between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from 1 January 2020 to 22 August 2023. Sixteen studies with 2127 cirrhosis patients were included...
December 31, 2024: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465486/-aortic-remodeling-in-uncomplicated-stanford-type-b-aortic-dissection-stratified-by-the-timing-of-thoracic-endovascular-aortic-repair-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ikumi Osawa, Yasutoshi Tsuda, Atomu Hino, Takahito Yokoyama, Masato Nakajima
PURPOSE: We investigated the relationship between aortic remodeling and timing of thoracic endovascular aortic repair( TEVAR) in patients with uncomplicated Stanford type B aortic dissection. METHODS: 29 patients with sub-acute and early chronic uncomplicated Stanford type B aortic dissection underwent TEVAR between February 2019 and August 2022 in our hospital. We retrospectively compared aortic remodeling between 19 patients in the sub-acute( SA) group( 15-90 days from onset) and 10 patients in the early chronic( ECh) group( 91-365 days from onset) using the false luminal area reduction rate using computed tomography imagings...
March 2024: Kyobu Geka. the Japanese Journal of Thoracic Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463706/repair-of-an-occipital-meningocele-and-scalp-soft-tissue-reconstruction-in-a-newborn-patient
#11
Jonathan D Freedman, Michael B Gehring, Brent R O'Neill, Brooke French, David Khechoyan
The differential diagnosis of large congenital scalp defects includes aplasia cutis and encephalocele, among others. Treatment includes conservative management with dressings or operative management with dermal substitutes, skin grafting, local flaps, and free flaps. This case report discusses the technical considerations and reconstructive strategies for repair of a meningocele in a newborn with a large 5.5-cm scalp defect. The key strategies include preemptive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion with external ventricular drain to reduce the risk of CSF leak and mitigate wound-healing complications; careful identification and avoidance of key anatomic structures, such as the superior sagittal sinus, as anatomy may be significantly distorted due to the presence of a meningocele and after CSF diversion; and careful, thoughtful design of the local scalp flaps to maximize blood supply and to avoid tension on the final reconstruction...
March 2024: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457931/a-bagging-approach-for-improved-predictive-accuracy-of-intradialytic-hypotension-during-hemodialysis-treatment
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chien-Liang Liu, Min-Hsuan Lee, Shan-Ni Hsueh, Chia-Chen Chung, Chun-Ju Lin, Po-Han Chang, An-Chun Luo, Hsuan-Chi Weng, Yu-Hsien Lee, Ming-Ji Dai, Min-Juei Tsai
The primary objective of this study is to enhance the prediction accuracy of intradialytic hypotension in patients undergoing hemodialysis. A significant challenge in this context arises from the nature of the data derived from the monitoring devices and exhibits an extreme class imbalance problem. Traditional predictive models often display a bias towards the majority class, compromising the accuracy of minority class predictions. Therefore, we introduce a method called UnderXGBoost. This novel methodology combines the under-sampling, bagging, and XGBoost techniques to balance the dataset and improve predictive accuracy for the minority class...
March 5, 2024: Computers in Biology and Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456860/multidetector-computed-tomography-assessment-of-anatomical-ventricular-tachycardia-isthmuses-in-repaired-tetralogy-of-fallot
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeremy P Moore, Jonathan Su, Kevin M Shannon, Gregory S Perens, Claire Newlon, Jason S Bradfield, Kalyanam Shivkumar
BACKGROUND: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is associated with risk for sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT). Preemptive electrophysiology study before transcatheter pulmonary valve placement is increasing, but the value of MDCT for anatomical VT isthmus assessment is unknown. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in the evaluation of sustained monomorphic VT for repaired TOF. METHODS: Consecutive pre-transcatheter pulmonary valve MDCT studies were identified, and anatomical isthmus dimensions were measured...
February 27, 2024: JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455142/testing-effects-of-bottom-up-factors-grazing-and-competition-on-new-zealand-rocky-intertidal-algal-communities
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Barbara J Spiecker, Bruce A Menge
Top-down and bottom-up factors and their interaction highlight the interdependence of resources and consumer impacts on food webs and ecosystems. Variation in the strength of upwelling-mediated ecological controls (i.e., light availability and herbivory) between early and late succession stages is less well understood from the standpoint of influencing algal functional group composition. We experimentally tested the effect of light, grazing, and disturbance on rocky intertidal turf-forming algal communities...
March 2024: Ecology and Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453592/knowledge-and-attitudes-of-dialysis-patients-toward-kidney-transplantation-preliminary-report-from-a-pilot-study-preceding-a-cross-sectional-nationwide-evaluation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paulina Kurleto, Maciej Kiersztejn, Nina Szumańska, Irena Milaniak, Lucyna Tomaszek, Grażyna Dębska, Edyta Turkanik, Barbara Siekierska, Rajmund Michalski, Aleksandra Tomaszek, Jacek A Pietrzyk
BACKGROUND: The knowledge and attitudes of dialyzed patients toward the best method of renal replacement treatment (ie, kidney transplantation [KTx]) may be the main factor motivating them to apply and be put on the national kidney transplant waiting list, resulting in a better prognosis. OBJECTIVE: Assessment of the knowledge and attitudes of dialyzed patients toward KTx. METHODS: A pilot study is considered an introductory step before the nationwide project, which will cover dialysis centers in Poland from 2023 to 2024...
March 6, 2024: Transplantation Proceedings
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38451952/pain-management-after-tonsil-surgery-in-children-and-adults-a-national-survey-related-to-pain-outcome-measures-from-the-swedish-quality-register-for-tonsil-surgery
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Roskvist, Fredrik Alm, Pia Nerfeldt, Elisabeth Ericsson
OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to describe the current practice regarding pain management in relation to tonsil surgery among Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) clinics in Sweden. The secondary aim was to determine the impact of the provider's regime of rescue analgesics on the pain related Patient Reported Outcome Measures (pain-PROMs) from the Swedish Quality Register for Tonsil Surgery (SQTS). MATERIALS & METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study originating from a validated web-based questionnaire...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448122/preemptive-intravenous-ibuprofen-and-local-ketamine-improve-postoperative-analgesia-following-third-molar-surgery-a-double-blind-randomized-placebo-controlled-clinical-study
#17
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Cihan Topan, Mustafa Karakaya, Ahmet Emin Demirbaş, Suheyb Bilge, Dilek Günay Canpolat
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of preemptive ibuprofen, local ketamine, and their combination in managing postoperative pain and trismus following third molar surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred patients were randomly divided into 4 groups. The Intrafen Group had their impacted third molars surgically removed under local anesthesia after receiving intravenous (IV) ibuprofen for preemptive effect. The Ketamine Group received an IV placebo before the surgery, and the extraction process was completed with a local anesthetic-ketamine combination...
March 2024: Journal of Evidence-based Dental Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38446546/duration-of-the-preemptive-analgesic-effects-of-low-and-high-frequency-transcutaneous-electrical-nerve-stimulation-in-rats-with-acute-inflammatory-pain
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hideshi Ikemoto, Naoki Adachi, Takayuki Okumo, Oyunchimeg Chuluunbat, Tadashi Hisamitsu, Masataka Sunagawa
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) activates various pathways to induce antinociceptive effects, based on the frequencies used. This study evaluates the preemptive analgesic effects and their duration of low- (LT: 4 Hz) and high-frequency TENS (HT: 100 Hz) using a rat model of acute inflammatory pain. Acute inflammation was induced by injecting 1% formalin into the hind paws of rats. LT or HT was applied for 30 min before formalin injection. Pain-related behaviors, such as licking, flinching, and lifting, were recorded for 60 min postinjection...
March 6, 2024: Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432826/effect-of-verbal-instructions-on-trunk-muscle-activity-during-volitional-preemptive-abdominal-contraction
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew Ward, Alexander Drusch, Yo-Rong Chen, Mark Ouellette, Jean-Michel Brismée, Troy Hooper, Katherine Wilford, Gesine H Seeber, Phillip S Sizer
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of Verbal Instruction (VI) strategies on trunk muscle contraction among healthy subjects. The effect of three VI Abdominal Drawing-In Maneuver (ADIM) and two VI Abdominal Bracing Maneuver (ABM) strategies on left Internal (LIO) and External Oblique (LEO) and bilateral superficial Multifidi (sMf) activation was examined. DESIGN: Within-subjects, repeated measure design. METHODS: Surface EMG (sEMG) measured LIO, LEO, and sMf activity in 28 subjects (mean age 23...
January 2024: Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432764/left-ventricular-outflow-tract-modification-for-transcatheter-mitral-valve-replacement
#20
REVIEW
Hiroki A Ueyama, Vasilis C Babaliaros, Adam B Greenbaum
Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is a life-threatening complication of transcatheter mitral valve replacement. In-depth analysis of pre-procedural computed tomography enables accurate prediction of this risk. Several techniques for LVOT modification, including Laceration of the Anterior Mitral leaflet to Prevent Outflow ObtructioN, preemptive alcohol septal ablation, preemptive radiofrequency ablation, and Septal Scoring Along the Midline Endocardium, have been described as effective strategies to mitigate this risk...
April 2024: Interventional Cardiology Clinics
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