Sirt1

OBJECTIVE: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of chondrocytes, involving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Esculin is a natural compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. However, its impact on ER stress in OA therapy has not been thoroughly investigated. We aim to determine the efficiency of Esculin in OA treatment and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: We utilized the tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) to establish OA model in chondrocytes...

BACKGROUND: Renal ischemia-reperfusion is the primary cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Clinically, most patients who experience ischemia-reperfusion injury eventually progress gradually to renal fibrosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the underlying mechanism for AKI to CKD transition remain absent. Our study demonstrated that the downregulation of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1)-mediated fatty acid oxidation (FAO) facilitates IRI-induced renal fibrosis. METHODS: The IRI animal model was established, and ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing was used to explore potential differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways...

Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic organelles that store neutral lipids and are closely linked to obesity. Previous studies have suggested that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) supplements can ameliorate obesity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we hypothesize that LBP alleviates LD accumulation in adipose tissue (AT) by inhibiting fat-specific protein 27 (Fsp27) through an activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6)/small-molecule sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-dependent mechanism. LD accumulation in AT is induced in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (PAs) is induced...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an insulin-dependent autoimmune condition. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are volatile fatty acids with 1-6 carbon atoms that influence glucose storage in the body and can reduce appetite, potentially decreasing T1D risk. Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA), a type of SCFA, has previously been used to treat diabetic neuropathy and inflammation due to its antioxidant properties. This study aims to assess α-LA's protective effects against T1D and associated kidney damage in rats induced with streptozotocin...

Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), an NAD+ -dependent histone deacetylase, plays a crucial role in regulating molecular signaling pathways. Recently, inhibition of SIRT1 rather than its activation shows the therapeutic potential for central nervous system disorder, however, the discovered SIRT1 inhibitors remains limited. In this work, a dual recognition-based strategy was developed to screen SIRT1 inhibitors from natural resources in situ. This approach utilized a Ni-modified metal-organic framework (Ni@Tyr@UiO-66-NH2 ) along with cell lysate containing an engineered His-tagged SIRT1 protein, eliminating the need for purified proteins, pure compounds, and protein immobilization...

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Despite recent advances, biliary tract cancer (BTC) remains one of the most lethal tumor worldwide due to late diagnosis, limited therapeutic strategies and resistance to conventional therapies. In recent years, high-throughput technologies have enabled extensive genome, and transcriptome sequencing unveiling, among others, the regulatory potential of microRNAs (miRNAs). Compelling evidence shown that miRNA are attractive therapeutic targets and promising candidates as biomarkers for various therapy-resistant tumors...

Riboflavin is a water-soluble yellowish vitamin and is controversial regarding its effect on tumour cells. Riboflavin is a powerful photosensitizer that upon exposure to radiation, undergoes an intersystem conversion with molecular oxygen, leading to the production of ROS. In the current study, we sought to ascertain the impact of irradiated riboflavin on C6 glioblastoma cells regarding proliferation, cell death, oxidative stress and migration. First, we compared the proliferative behaviour of cells following nonradiated and radiated riboflavin...

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the effect of morinda officinalis polysaccharides (MOP) in inflammatory microenvironment on the expression of silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) in periodontal ligament cells. METHODS: Thirty rats were randomly divided into control group ( n =6) and model group ( n =24). The model group used orthodontic wire ligation to establish periodontitis, and six rats from each group were killed after 3 weeks...

INTRODUCTION: Does an elevation in d-Galactose (D-Gal) levels within the body contribute to abnormal embryonic development and placental dysfunction during pregnancy? METHODS: Mouse embryos were cultivated to the blastocyst stage under varying concentrations of D-Gal. The blastocyst formation rate was measured, and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) in blastocysts were assessed. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with either saline or D-Gal with or without SRT1720...

Nickel (Ni), a ductile and hard silver-white transition metal, is commonly found in occupational environments and can harm the human body. Since it is a toxic compound, long-term Ni exposure can cause pneumonia, rhinitis, and other types of respiratory inflammatory diseases. Resveratrol (Res) is a plant antitoxin polyphenol, which also has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. In this report, the toxicity of Ni-refining fumes on the human lung bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells, as well as the protective effects of Res were investigated in vitro, and the specific mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect was explained...

The time for diabetic nephropathy (DN) to progress from mild to severe is long. Thus, methods to continuously repress DN are required to exert long-lasting effects mediated through epigenetic regulation. In this study, we demonstrated the ability of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its metabolites to reduce albuminuria through Sirt1- or Nampt-dependent epigenetic regulation. We previously reported that proximal tubular Sirt1 was lowered before glomerular Sirt1. Repressed glomerular Sirt1 was found to epigenetically elevate Claudin-1...

Animal growth is blunted in adverse environments where catabolic metabolism dominates; however, when the adversity disappears, stunted animals rapidly catch up to age-equivalent body size. This phenomenon is called catch-up growth, which we observe in various animals. Since growth retardation and catch-up growth are sequential processes, catabolism or stress response molecules may remain active, especially immediately after growth resumes. Sirtuins (Sirt1-7) deacetylate target proteins in a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent manner, and these enzymes govern diverse alleys of cellular functions...

Urolithin A (UroA) is well-recognized for its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory potentials and has been proven to have neuroprotective effects. Nevertheless, the potential of UroA on bupivacaine (BUP)-induced neurotoxicity has never been reported. Using SH-SY5Y cells to establish a cell model, it was revealed that BUP stimulated cell viability reduction, LDH release increase, and suppression of SIRT1-activated PI3K/AKT signaling in SH-SY5Y cells, whereas UroA treatment caused an effective abrogation of the effects of BUP...

Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is associated with an imbalance in mitochondrial quality and high mortality rates, with no effective treatment developed to date. Curcumin provides antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, and mitochondrial protection. However, curcumin has not been confirmed to improve cardiac dysfunction in sepsis. We hypothesized that curcumin can reduce abnormal inflammatory responses by improving mitochondrial function as a novel mechanism to improve SCM. To explore this hypothesis, we used an in vivo male C57BL/6 mouse sepsis model and an in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HL-1 cells...

BACKGROUND: Severe respiratory system illness caused by influenza A virus infection is associated with excessive inflammation and abnormal apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells (AEC). However, there are limited therapeutic options for influenza-associated lung inflammation and apoptosis. Pterostilbene (PTE, trans-3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxystilbene) is a dimethylated analog of resveratrol that has been reported to limit influenza A virus infection by promoting antiviral innate immunity, but has not been studied for its protective effects on virus-associated inflammation and injury in AEC...

Myricanol (MY) is one of the main active components from bark of Myrica Rubra. It is demonstrated that MY rescues dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle dysfunction via activating silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and increasing adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Since SIRT1 and AMPK are widely involved in the metabolism of nutrients, we speculated that MY may exert beneficial effects on DEX-induced metabolic disorders. This study for the first time applied widely targeted metabolomics to investigate the beneficial effects of MY on glucose, lipids, and protein metabolism in DEX-induced metabolic abnormality in mice...

Cyclosporin A, an immunosuppressive agent, is extensively utilized for the prevention of transplant rejection and treat autoimmune disease in the clinic, despite its association with a high risk of hypertension development among patients. Resveratrol is a kind of non-flavonoid phenolic compound that widely exists in many plants. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism by which resveratrol ameliorates cyclosporin A-induced hypertension. The arterial rings of the mesentery were incubated with cyclosporin A and resveratrol in vitro...

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a potentially fatal disorder characterized by extensive hepatocyte necrosis and rapid decline in liver function. Numerous factors, including oxidative stress, cell death, and inflammatory responses, are associated with its pathogenesis. Endotoxin tolerance (ET) refers to the phenomenon in which the body or cells exhibit low or no response to high-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation after pre-stimulation with low-dose LPS. However, the specific mechanism through which ET regulates LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced ALF remains unclear...

Leukemia caused by environmental chemical pollutants has attracted great attention, the malignant leukemic transformation model of TK6 cells induced by hydroquinone (HQ) has been previously found in our team. However, the type of leukemia corresponding to this malignant transformed cell line model needs further study and interpretation. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of malignant proliferation of leukemic cells induced by HQ remains unclear. This study is the first to reveal the expression of aberrant genes in leukemic cells of HQ-induced malignant transformation, which may correspond to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)...