keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508535/integrative-model-based-comparison-of-target-site-specific-antimicrobial-effects-a-case-study-with-ceftaroline-and-lefamulin
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wisse van Os, Anh Duc Pham, Sabine Eberl, Iris K Minichmayr, J G Coen van Hasselt, Markus Zeitlinger
OBJECTIVE: Predictions of antimicrobial effects typically rely on plasma-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) targets, ignoring target-site concentrations and potential differences in tissue penetration between antibiotics. In this study, we applied PK-PD modelling to compare target site-specific effects of antibiotics by integrating clinical microdialysis data, in vitro time-kill curves, and antimicrobial susceptibility distributions. As a case study, we compared the effect of lefamulin and ceftaroline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at soft-tissue concentrations...
March 18, 2024: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506889/morbidity-after-mechanical-bowel-preparation-and-oral-antibiotics-prior-to-rectal-resection-the-mobile2-randomized-clinical-trial
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Koskenvuo, Pipsa Lunkka, Pirita Varpe, Marja Hyöty, Reetta Satokari, Carola Haapamäki, Anna Lepistö, Ville Sallinen
IMPORTANCE: Surgical site infections (SSIs)-especially anastomotic dehiscence-are major contributors to morbidity and mortality after rectal resection. The role of mechanical and oral antibiotics bowel preparation (MOABP) in preventing complications of rectal resection is currently disputed. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether MOABP reduces overall complications and SSIs after elective rectal resection compared with mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) plus placebo. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted at 3 university hospitals in Finland between March 18, 2020, and October 10, 2022...
March 20, 2024: JAMA Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506388/post-trauma-acinetobacter-baumanii-meningitis-treatment-approach
#23
Cem Erdoğan, Zeynep Betul Balcioglu, Isa Seida, Denız Kizilaslan
A. baumannii, which is said to be associated with nosocomial infections is considered a significant mortality risk if not adequately addressed. A. baumannii infections typically occur in the aftermath of surgery or trauma. Our patient developed complicated A. baumannii meningitis with lateral ventriculitis and a lumbar abscess post surgery after suffering from a fall. The patient was treated with a 21-day regimen of intrathecally administered colistin and polymyxin B. Following this therapeutic period, the patient's condition improved, ultimately leading to successful recovery and subsequent discharge...
March 2024: Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery: TJTES
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504305/determine-the-factors-affecting-the-time-to-recovery-of-children-with-bacterial-meningitis-at-jigjiga-university-referral-hospital-in-the-somali-regional-state-of-ethiopia-using-the-parametric-shared-frailty-and-aft-models
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daud Hussein Adawe, Dagne Tesfaye Mengistie
BACKGROUND: Neisseria meningitides, Streptococcus pneumonia, and hemophilic influenza type B are frequently linked to bacterial meningitis (BM) in children. It's an infectious sickness that kills and severely mobilizes children. For a variety of reasons, bacterial meningitis remains a global public health concern; most cases and deaths are found in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. Even though vaccination has made BM more preventable, children worldwide are still severely harmed by this serious illness...
March 19, 2024: BMC Research Notes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503008/determining-steady-state-trough-range-in-vancomycin-drug-dosing-using-machine-learning
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Samie Tootooni, Erin F Barreto, Phichet Wutthisirisart, Kianoush B Kashani, Kalyan S Pasupathy
BACKGROUND: Vancomycin is a renally eliminated, nephrotoxic, glycopeptide antibiotic with a narrow therapeutic window, widely used in intensive care units (ICU). We aimed to predict the risk of inappropriate vancomycin trough levels and appropriate dosing for each ICU patient. METHODS: Observed vancomycin trough levels were categorized into sub-therapeutic, therapeutic, and supra-therapeutic levels to train and compare different classification models. We included adult ICU patients (≥ 18 years) with at least one vancomycin concentration measurement during hospitalization at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, from January 2007 to December 2017...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Critical Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500139/bigger-problems-from-smaller-colonies-emergence-of-antibiotic-tolerant-small-colony-variants-of-mycobacterium-avium-complex-in-mac-pulmonary-disease-patients
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyun-Eui Park, Kyu-Min Kim, Minh Phuong Trinh, Jung-Wan Yoo, Sung Jae Shin, Min-Kyoung Shin
BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is a group of slow-growing mycobacteria that includes Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare. MAC pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) poses a threat to immunocompromised individuals and those with structural pulmonary diseases worldwide. The standard treatment regimen for MAC-PD includes a macrolide in combination with rifampicin and ethambutol. However, the treatment failure and disease recurrence rates after successful treatment remain high...
March 18, 2024: Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499968/characterizing-antibiotic-prophylaxis-practices-in-pediatric-deformity-spinal-surgery-and-impact-on-30-day-postoperative-infection-an-nsqip-pediatric-database-study
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vivien Chan, David L Skaggs, Robert H Cho, Selina C Poon, Geoffrey Shumilak
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to characterize antibiotic prophylaxis practices in pediatric patients who have received posterior arthrodesis for spinal deformity and understand how these practices impact 30-day postoperative infection rates. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database for year 2021. Patients 18 years of age or younger who received posterior arthrodesis for scoliosis or kyphosis correction were included...
March 18, 2024: Spine Deformity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497326/daptomycin-dose-optimization-in-pediatric-staphylococcus-aureus-bacteremia-a-pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic-investigation
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katie B Olney, Joel I Howard, David S Burgess
Daptomycin is an antibiotic with Gram-positive activity, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, for which optimal pediatric dosing is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate daptomycin exposures achieved with package label dosing and to identify dosing regimens necessary to enhance efficacy and minimize toxicity in children with S. aureus bacteremia. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to determine probability of target attainment (PTA) for six pediatric age cohorts. Area under the curve to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio (AUC0-24 :MIC) ≥666 was used to determine the PTA for efficacy (PTAE )...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493509/shorter-versus-longer-duration-of-antimicrobial-therapy-for-early-lyme-disease-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Meritxell Roca Mora, Luisa Marin Cunha, Amanda Godoi, Isabelle Donadon, Mariana Clemente, Patrícia Marcolin, Andres Valenzuela S, Gary P Wormser
BACKGROUND: Antibiotic therapy for patients with early Lyme disease is necessary to prevent later-stage Lyme disease complications. This systematic review and meta-analysis compares shorter versus longer antibiotic regimens in treating early Lyme disease. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted up to November 2023. We examined treatment failure, complete response, and photosensitivity. Short vs...
February 15, 2024: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487907/-intrauterin-infection-during-the-first-trimester-and-on-going-pregnancy
#30
Valérie Knapen, Éliane Saliba, Anne Jacmin
An intrauterine infection during the first trimester of pregnancy can rapidly lead to bacteremia, with severe consequences for the patient. While these infections are mainly found after a miscarriage or an abortion, the diagnosis is sometimes made while the pregnancy is still in progress. The clinical history and symptoms reported by the patient lead to the suspicion of such a complication. Treatment must be rapid and based on a broad-spectrum antibiotic regimen covering Gram-negative, Gram-positive, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria...
March 2024: Revue Médicale de Liège
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485491/targeting-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-persistence-through-inhibition-of-the-trehalose-catalytic-shift
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karishma Kalera, Rachel Liu, Juhyeon Lim, Rasangi Pathirage, Daniel H Swanson, Ulysses G Johnson, Alicyn I Stothard, Jae Jin Lee, Anne W Poston, Peter J Woodruff, Donald R Ronning, Hyungjin Eoh, Benjamin M Swarts
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is the leading cause of death worldwide by infectious disease. Treatment of Mtb infection requires a six-month course of multiple antibiotics, an extremely challenging regimen necessitated by Mtb's ability to form drug-tolerant persister cells. Mtb persister formation is dependent on the trehalose catalytic shift, a stress-responsive metabolic remodeling mechanism in which the disaccharide trehalose is liberated from cell surface glycolipids and repurposed as an internal carbon source to meet energy and redox demands...
March 14, 2024: ACS Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484641/spider-chart-greenness-and-whiteness-assessment-of-experimentally-designed-multivariate-models-for-simultaneous-determination-of-three-drugs-used-as-a-combinatory-antibiotic-regimen-in-critical-care-units-comparative-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asmaa M Taha, Manal S Elmasry, Wafaa S Hassan, Rania A Sayed
In this study, five earth-friendly spectrophotometric methods using multivariate techniques were developed to analyze levofloxacin, linezolid, and meropenem, which are utilized in critical care units as combination therapies. These techniques were used to determine the mentioned medications in laboratory-prepared mixtures, pharmaceutical products and spiked human plasma that had not been separated before handling. These methods were named classical least squares (CLS), principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares (PLS), genetic algorithm partial least squares (GA-PLS), and artificial neural network (ANN)...
March 4, 2024: Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484242/antibiotics-for-uti-prevention-after-intradetrusor-onabotulinumtoxina-injections
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher W Heuer, Jordan D Gisseman, Christine M Vaccaro, Cara H Olsen, Alissa C Galgano, Katherine L Dengler
IMPORTANCE: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur in 8.6% to 48.1% of patients after intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate both choice and duration of antibiotic prophylaxis on the incidence of UTI within 30 days after in-office onabotulinumtoxinA injections. STUDY DESIGN: We included a single-site, retrospective cohort of 305 patients with overactive bladder or bladder pain syndrome receiving postprocedure prophylactic antibiotics for in-office, 100-unit intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections from 2019 to 2023...
March 1, 2024: Urogynecology (Phila)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482370/antimicrobial-resistance-and-molecular-characteristics-of-neisseria-gonorrhoea-isolates-in-ghana
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haris Sualah Musah, Francis Addy, Osman Adamu Dufailu
INTRODUCTION: Gonorrhoea is a disease associated with humans and caused by Neisseria gonorrhoea. N. gonorrhoea' s ability to evolve and evade various treatment regimens can lead to untreatable gonorrhoea. In the absence of a viable vaccine and a national database on the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and molecular characteristics of N. gonorrhoea, and with reliance on a syndromic management regime, continuous national antimicrobial resistance surveillance and molecular characterization of N...
2024: Access microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482147/coverage-gaps-in-empiric-antibiotic-regimens-used-to-treat-serious-bacterial-infections-in-neonates-and-children-in-southeast-asia-and-the-pacific
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phoebe C M Williams, Mark Jones, Thomas L Snelling, Robert Duguid, Nerida Moore, Benjamin Dickson, Yue Wu, Jessica Saunders, Priyali Wijeratne, Anousone Douangnouvong, Elizabeth A Ashley, Paul Turner
BACKGROUND: High levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are propagating deaths due to neonatal and paediatric infections globally. This is of particular concern in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, where healthcare resources are constrained and access to newer agents to treat multidrug-resistant pathogens is limited. METHODS: To assess the coverage provided by commonly prescribed empiric antibiotic regimens for children in low- and middle-income countries in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, we built a weighted incidence syndromic combination antibiogram (WISCA), parameterised using data obtained from a systematic review of published literature incorporating WHO-defined SEARO and WPRO regions in Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health and PubMed...
March 2024: Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481761/efficacy-of-rifampicin-combination-therapy-against-mrsa-prosthetic-vascular-graft-infections-in-a-rat-model
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikkel Illemann Johansen, Maiken Engelbrecht Petersen, Emma Faddy, Anders Marthinsen Seefeldt, Alexander Alexandrovich Mitkin, Lars Østergaard, Rikke Louise Meyer, Nis Pedersen Jørgensen
Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of prosthetic vascular graft or endograft infections (VGEIs) and the optimal choice of antibiotics is unclear. We investigated various antibiotic choices as either monotherapy or combination therapy with rifampicin against MRSA in vitro and in vivo . Fosfomycin, daptomycin and vancomycin alone or in combination with rifampicin was used against MRSA USA300 FPR3757. Each antibiotic was tested for synergism or antagonism with rifampicin in vitro, and all antibiotic regimens were tested against actively growing bacteria in media and non-growing bacteria in buffer, both as planktonic cells and in biofilms...
June 2024: Biofilm
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481665/the-effects-and-mechanisms-of-natural-products-on-helicobacter-pylori-eradication
#37
REVIEW
Ruiyi Deng, Xu Chen, Shiqing Zhao, Qingying Zhang, Yanyan Shi
Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) eradication is pivotal for alleviating gastric mucosal inflammation and preventing the progression of gastric diseases. While antibiotic-based therapies have achieved significant success in H. pylori eradication, challenges such as antibiotic resistance, drug toxicity, side effects, nonadherence, inapplicability, and disruption of gastrointestinal microflora have emerged. Updated therapies are urgently needed to suppress H. pylori . Nature has provided multitudinous therapeutic agents since ancient times...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478500/maximizing-adherence-and-minimizing-time-to-antibiotics-a-multi-disciplinary-institutional-trauma-bay-protocol-for-single-antibiotic-prophylaxis-in-open-fractures
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erick Heiman, Joss Delaune, Ian S Hong, Matthew Lamb, Marissa Fisher, Bruno Molino, Sandy Moreau, Maria Devivo, Frank A Liporace, Richard S Yoon, Jaclyn M Jankowski
OBJECTIVES: To determine if a multi-disciplinary institutional protocol can optimize the time to antibiotic (Abx) administration for open fractures (openFx) and improve compliance with the administration of Abx prophylaxis during trauma activation. METHODS: Design: Retrospective pre-post study design. SETTING: Single Level II Trauma Center. PATIENT SELECTION CRITERIA: All patients that triggered a trauma activation with suspected openFx and were treated according to the institutional single antibiotic regimen were eligible for inclusion...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477847/high-antibiotic-resistance-rates-in-helicobacter-pylori-strains-in-turkey-over-20-years-implications-for-gastric-disease-treatment
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Burak Sarikaya, Riza Aytaç Çetinkaya, Derya Özyiğitoğlu, Sinem Akkaya Işik, Mustafa Kaplan, Duygu Kirkik, Levent Görenek
OBJECTIVE: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication therapy is crucial for preventing the development of gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. An increase in resistance against antibiotics used in the eradication of Hp is remarkable. This meta-analysis aims to examine the resistance rates of Hp strains isolated in Turkey over the last 20 years against clarithromycin (CLR), metronidazole (MTZ), levofloxacin (LVX), tetracycline (TET), and amoxicillin (AMX) antibiotics. BASIC METHODS: Literature search was carried out in electronic databases, by searching articles published in Turkish and English with the keywords 'helicobacter pylori' or 'Hp' and 'antibiotic resistance' and 'Turkey'...
March 11, 2024: European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476940/hospital-antimicrobial-stewardship-profiling-the-oral-microbiome-after-exposure-to-covid-19-and-antibiotics
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patricia Buendia, Krystal Fernandez, Castle Raley, Ali Rahnavard, Keith A Crandall, Jose Guillermo Castro
INTRODUCTION: During the COVID-19 Delta variant surge, the CLAIRE cross-sectional study sampled saliva from 120 hospitalized patients, 116 of whom had a positive COVID-19 PCR test. Patients received antibiotics upon admission due to possible secondary bacterial infections, with patients at risk of sepsis receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics (BSA). METHODS: The saliva samples were analyzed with shotgun DNA metagenomics and respiratory RNA virome sequencing. Medical records for the period of hospitalization were obtained for all patients...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
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