keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535883/sustaining-the-continued-effectiveness-of-an-antimicrobial-stewardship-program-in-preterm-infants
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tommaso Zini, Francesca Miselli, Chiara D'Esposito, Lucia Fidanza, Riccardo Cuoghi Costantini, Lucia Corso, Sofia Mazzotti, Cecilia Rossi, Eugenio Spaggiari, Katia Rossi, Licia Lugli, Luca Bedetti, Alberto Berardi
BACKGROUND: There are wide variations in antibiotic use in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Limited data are available on antimicrobial stewardship (AS) programs and long-term maintenance of AS interventions in preterm very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. METHODS: We extended a single-centre observational study carried out in an Italian NICU. Three periods were compared: I. "baseline" (2011-2012), II. "intervention" (2016-2017), and III. "maintenance" (2020-2021)...
March 7, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534716/assessment-of-colistin-heteroresistance-among-multidrug-resistant-klebsiella-pneumoniae-isolated-from-intensive-care-patients-in-europe
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anouk J M M Braspenning, Sahaya Glingston Rajakani, Adwoa Sey, Mariem El Bounja, Christine Lammens, Youri Glupczynski, Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
Heteroresistance (HR) to colistin is especially concerning in settings where multi-drug-resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae are prevalent and empiric use of colistin might lead to treatment failures. This study aimed to assess the frequency of occurrence of colistin HR (CHR) among (MDR) K. pneumoniae ( n = 676) isolated from patients hospitalized in 13 intensive care units (ICUs) in six European countries in a clinical trial assessing the impact of decolonization strategies. All isolates were whole-genome-sequenced and studied for in vitro colistin susceptibility...
March 20, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534715/equivalence-trial-of-the-non-bismuth-10-day-concomitant-and-14-day-hybrid-therapies-for-helicobacter-pylori-eradication-in-high-clarithromycin-resistance-areas
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sotirios D Georgopoulos, Elias Xirouchakis, Christos Liatsos, Pericles Apostolopoulos, Panagiotis Kasapidis, Beatriz Martinez-Gonzalez, Fotini Laoudi, Maria Stoupaki, Georgios Axiaris, Dionysios Sgouras, Andreas Mentis, Spyridon Michopoulos
Background and aim : We conducted an equivalence trial of quadruple non-bismuth "concomitant" and "hybrid" regimens for H. pylori eradication in a high clarithromycin resistance area. Methods : There were 321 treatment-naïve H. pylori -positive individuals in this multicenter clinical trial randomized to either the hybrid (esomeprazole 40 mg/bid, amoxicillin 1 g/bid for 7 days, then 7 days esomeprazole 40 mg/bid, amoxicillin 1 g/bid, clarithromycin 500 mg/bid, and metronidazole 500 mg/bid) or the concomitant regimen (all medications given concurrently bid for 10 days)...
March 20, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534671/the-microbiological-profile-and-antibiotic-susceptibility-of-fracture-related-infections-in-a-low-resource-setting-differ-from-high-resource-settings-a-cohort-study-from-cameroon
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Loïc Fonkoue, Elizabeth K Tissingh, Michelle Tognia Ngouateu, Kennedy Olivier Muluem, Olivier Ngongang, Pretty Mbouyap, Perrin Ngougni Pokem, Kuetche Fotsing, Jean Bahebeck, Martin McNally, Olivier Cornu
Fracture-related infection (FRI) is a common and devastating complication of orthopedic trauma in all settings. Data on the microbiological profile and susceptibility of FRI to antibiotics in low-income countries are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the microbial patterns and antimicrobial susceptibility of FRI in a sub-Saharan African setting in order to provide guidance for the formulation of evidence-based empirical antimicrobial regimens. We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients treated for FRI with deep tissue sampling for microbiological culture from January 2016 to August 2023 in four tertiary-level hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon...
March 4, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534654/relationship-between-target-time-above-minimum-inhibitory-concentration-achievement-rate-of-meropenem-using-monte-carlo-simulation-and-in-hospital-survival-in-patients-with-pseudomonas-aeruginosa-bacteremia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hajime Nakashima, Motoyasu Miyazaki, Tsuneo Kuwamura, Kazutaka Oda, Yumi Haga, Osamu Imakyure
Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia is associated with a high mortality rate, and meropenem (MEPM) is commonly used to treat it. However, the relationship between the time above the minimum inhibitory concentration ( f T>MIC ) of MEPM and its therapeutic efficacy in P. aeruginosa bacteremia has not been explored. This study aimed to investigate this relationship by defining the target % f T>MIC of MEPM as 75%. The retrospective study spanned 14 years and included hospitalized patients treated with MEPM for P...
February 27, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534103/-in-vitro-activity-of-omadacycline-against-clinical-isolates-of-nocardia
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan Pham, Russell J Benefield, Natali Baker, Shane Lindblom, Nicholas Canfield, Carlos A Gomez, Mark Fisher
Nocardiosis typically requires a prolonged treatment duration of ≥6 months and initial combination therapy with 2-3 antibiotics. First-line regimens for nocardiosis are associated with considerable toxicity; therefore, alternative therapies are needed. Omadacycline is an aminomethylcycline with broad antimicrobial activity whose in vitro activity against Nocardia species has not been formally assessed. The in vitro potency of omadacycline was evaluated against 300 Nocardia clinical isolates by broth microdilution...
March 27, 2024: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530588/predictions-of-bedaquiline-central-nervous-system-exposure-in-patients-with-tuberculosis-meningitis-using-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-modeling
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krina Mehta, Pavel Balazki, Piet H van der Graaf, Tingjie Guo, J G Coen van Hasselt
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The use of bedaquiline as a treatment option for drug-resistant tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) is of interest to address the increased prevalence of resistance to first-line antibiotics. To this end, we describe a whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for bedaquiline to predict central nervous system (CNS) exposure. METHODS: A whole-body PBPK model was developed for bedaquiline and its metabolite, M2. The model included compartments for brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)...
March 26, 2024: Clinical Pharmacokinetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528536/lyssyl-a-broad-spectrum-phage-endolysin-targeting-staphylococcus-species-and-eradicating-s-aureus-biofilms
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
He Liu, Xuemei Wei, Zhefen Wang, Xiaonan Huang, Mengyang Li, Zhen Hu, Kexin Zhang, Qiwen Hu, Huagang Peng, Weilong Shang, Yi Yang, Yuting Wang, Shuguang Lu, Xiancai Rao
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus and its single or mixed biofilm infections seriously threaten global public health. Phage therapy, which uses active phage particles or phage-derived endolysins, has emerged as a promising alternative strategy to antibiotic treatment. However, high-efficient phage therapeutic regimens have yet to be established. RESULTS: In this study, we used an enrichment procedure to isolate phages against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) XN108...
March 25, 2024: Microbial Cell Factories
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526204/a-non-inferiority-trial-comparing-2-days-vs-5-days-of-terlipressin-and-ceftriaxone-in-terms-of-5-day-rebleeding-for-patients-with-acute-gastro-esophageal-variceal-hemorrhage
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gin-Ho Lo, Jen-Hao Yeh, Cheng-Hao Tseng, Tzu-Haw Chen, Chi-Ming Tai, Wen-Lun Wang, Hui-Chen Lin
INTRODUCTION: This trial was to shorten the duration of both vasoconstrictors and prophylactic antibiotics to only 2 days in the therapy of acute gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage. METHODS: After successful endoscopic hemostasis of gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage, eligible patients were randomized to receive terlipressin infusion 1 mg per 6 hours and ceftriaxone 1 gm daily for 5 days (Group A) or similar regimen for 2 days (Group B). Primary end points were very early rebleeding at 5 days and secondary end points included 48 hours hemostasis, 42-day rebleeding and hospitalization days...
March 25, 2024: American Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525767/an-aminoglycoside-sparing-regimen-with-double-beta-lactam-to-successfully-treat-granulicatella-adiacens-prosthetic-aortic-valve-endocarditis-time-to-change-paradigm
#10
Alberto Pagotto, Floriana Campanile, Paola Conti, Francesca Prataviera, Paola Della Siega, Sarah Flammini, Simone Giuliano, Luca Martini, Davide Pecori, Assunta Sartor, Maria Screm, Tosca Semenzin, Carlo Tascini
(1) Background: Granulicatella adiacens is a former nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS). NVS infective endocarditis (IE) is generally characterized by a higher rate of morbidity and mortality, partially due to difficulties in choosing the most adequate microbiological culture method and the most effective treatment strategy, and partially due to higher rates of complications, such as heart failure, peripheral septic embolism, and peri-valvular abscess, as well as a higher rate of valve replacement. Depending on the affected valve (native valve endocarditisNVE, or prosthetic valve endocarditisPVE), the American Heart Association (AHA) 2015 treatment guidelines (GLs) suggest penicillin G, ampicillin, or ceftriaxone plus gentamicin (2 weeks for NVE and up to 6 weeks for PVE), while vancomycin alone may be a reasonable alternative in patients who are intolerant of β-lactam therapy...
March 14, 2024: Infectious Disease Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524570/genotypic-and-phenotypic-mechanisms-underlying-antimicrobial-resistance-and-synergistic-efficacy-of-rifampicin-based-combinations-against-carbapenem-resistant-acinetobacter-baumannii
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lois Chinwe Nwabor, Arnon Chukamnerd, Ozioma Forstinus Nwabor, Komwit Surachat, Rattanaruji Pomwised, Kongpop Jeenkeawpiam, Sarunyou Chusri
PURPOSE: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is an urgent concern to public health. This study focuses on exploring the resistance mechanisms and the in vitro results of using rifampicin in combination with conventional antibiotics for the management of CRAB. METHODS: The synergistic and bactericidal effects of rifampicin with conventional antibiotics were evaluated using chequerboard assay and time-kill assay, while the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of resistant determinants were performed by efflux pump detection and whole genome sequencing on 29 isolates from ICU patients with underlying health diseases...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524376/ipiad-an-augmentation-regimen-added-to-standard-treatment-of-pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma-using-already-marketed-repurposed-drugs-irbesartan-pyrimethamine-itraconazole-azithromycin-and-dapsone
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard E Kast
This short note presents the data and rationale for adding five generic non-oncology drugs from general medical practice to gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, a current standard cytotoxic chemotherapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The regimen, called IPIAD, uses an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) irbesartan indicated for treating hypertension, an old antimicrobial drug pyrimethamine indicated for treating toxoplasmosis or malaria, an old antifungal drug itraconazole, an old broad spectrum antibiotic azithromycin and an old antibiotic dapsone...
2024: Oncoscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524223/clinical-and-epidemiological-characteristics-of-the-2022-mpox-outbreak-in-spain-ceme-22-study
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Ramírez-Olivencia, M Velasco Arribas, M M Vera García, J Casabona, M J Martínez, F J Membrillo De Novales
BACKGROUND: We conducted a multicentric national study (SEIMC-CEME-22), to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of the mpox outbreak in Spain, including the management of the disease. METHODS: This was a retrospective national observational study conducted by Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC) and Foundation SEIMC-GESIDA. We included patients with a confirmed mpox diagnosis before 13 July 2022, and attended at the Spanish health network (the early phase of the outbreak)...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523339/review-of-quorum-quenching-probiotics-a-promising-non-antibiotic-based-strategy-for-sustainable-aquaculture
#14
REVIEW
Anisa Rilla Lubis, Md Afsar Ahmed Sumon, Nguyen Dinh-Hung, Arun K Dhar, Jérôme Delamare-Deboutteville, Do-Hyung Kim, Andrew P Shinn, Duangkhaetita Kanjanasopa, Patima Permpoonpattana, Hien Van Doan, Nguyen Vu Linh, Christopher L Brown
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs) and genes (ARGs) in aquaculture underscores the urgent need for alternative veterinary strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). These measures are vital to reduce the likelihood of entering a post-antibiotic era. Identifying environmentally friendly biotechnological solutions to prevent and treat bacterial diseases is crucial for the sustainability of aquaculture and for minimizing the use of antimicrobials, especially antibiotics. The development of probiotics with quorum-quenching (QQ) capabilities presents a promising non-antibiotic strategy for sustainable aquaculture...
March 24, 2024: Journal of Fish Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517465/imipenem-relebactam-pharmacokinetics-in-critically-ill-patients-supported-on-extracorporeal-membrane-oxygenation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew J Fratoni, Abigail K Kois, Jason A Gluck, David P Nicolau, Joseph L Kuti
BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving modality but has the potential to alter the pharmacokinetics (PK) of antimicrobials. Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam is an antibiotic with utility in treating certain multi-drug resistant Gram-negative infections. Herein, we describe the population pharmacokinetics of imipenem and relebactam in critically ill patients supported on ECMO. METHODS: Patients with infection supported on ECMO received 4-6 doses of imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam per current prescribing information based on estimated creatinine clearance...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515847/-in-vivo-screening-for-toxicity-modulating-drug-interactions-identifies-antagonism-that-protects-against-ototoxicity-in-zebrafish
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ethan Bustad, Emma Mudrock, Elizabeth M Nilles, Andrea Mcquate, Monica Bergado, Alden Gu, Louie Galitan, Natalie Gleason, Henry C Ou, David W Raible, Rafael E Hernandez, Shuyi Ma
Introduction: Ototoxicity is a debilitating side effect of over 150 medications with diverse mechanisms of action, many of which could be taken concurrently to treat multiple conditions. Approaches for preclinical evaluation of drug-drug interactions that might impact ototoxicity would facilitate design of safer multi-drug regimens and mitigate unsafe polypharmacy by flagging combinations that potentially cause adverse interactions for monitoring. They may also identify protective agents that antagonize ototoxic injury...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513747/efficacy-of-ceftazidime-avibactam-in-the-treatment-of-carbapenem-resistant-klebsiella-pneumoniae-infections-focus-on-solid-organ-transplantation-recipients
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Hu, Lei Zha, Yong-Wei Yu, Qun Su, Xue-Ling Fang, Jin-Ru Ji, Ping Shen, Yun- Bo Chen, Xia Zheng, Yong-Hong Xiao
INTRODUCTION: Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is a new option to treat KPC- and OXA-48 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections. However, clinical evidence is limited regarding its use in treating CRKP infections, especially in solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of CAZ-AVI in treating CRKP infections in both the general population and the SOT recipients in comparison with other antibiotic regimens. METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective cohort study of patients admitted between January 1, 2018 and June 30, 2021 with the diagnosis of CRKP infections receiving either CAZ-AVI or other regimens ≥ 72 hours and clinical outcomes were analyzed...
March 19, 2024: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513340/recent-advances-in-the-exploration-of-oxazolidinone-scaffolds-from-compound-development-to-antibacterial-agents-and-other-bioactivities
#18
REVIEW
Maxwell Ampomah-Wireko, Shengcong Chen, Ruirui Li, Chen Gao, Meng Wang, Ye Qu, Hongtao Kong, Lauraine Nininahazwe, En Zhang
Bacterial infections cause a variety of life-threatening diseases, and the continuous evolution of drug-resistant bacteria poses an increasing threat to current antimicrobial regimens. Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) have a wide range of genetic capabilities that allow them to adapt to and develop resistance to practically all existing antibiotics. Oxazolidinones, a class of potent bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors with a unique mechanism of action involving inhibition of bacterial ribosomal translation, has emerged as the antibiotics of choice for the treatment of drug-resistant GPB infections...
March 13, 2024: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512064/early-switch-from-intravenous-to-oral-antibiotic-therapy-in-patients-with-cancer-who-have-low-risk-neutropenic-sepsis-the-easi-switch-rct
#19
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Vicky Coyle, Caroline Forde, Richard Adams, Ashley Agus, Rosemary Barnes, Ian Chau, Mike Clarke, Annmarie Doran, Margaret Grayson, Danny McAuley, Cliona McDowell, Glenn Phair, Ruth Plummer, Dawn Storey, Anne Thomas, Richard Wilson, Ronan McMullan
BACKGROUND: Neutropenic sepsis is a common complication of systemic anticancer treatment. There is variation in practice in timing of switch to oral antibiotics after commencement of empirical intravenous antibiotic therapy. OBJECTIVES: To establish the clinical and cost effectiveness of early switch to oral antibiotics in patients with neutropenic sepsis at low risk of infective complications. DESIGN: A randomised, multicentre, open-label, allocation concealed, non-inferiority trial to establish the clinical and cost effectiveness of early oral switch in comparison to standard care...
March 2024: Health Technology Assessment: HTA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511401/full-dose-challenge-of-moderate-severe-and-unknown-beta-lactam-allergies-in-the-emergency-department
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam M Anderson, Stephanie Coallier, Reid E Mitchell, Lisa E Dumkow, Lauren M Wolf
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the outcome of challenging documented moderate, severe, or unknown beta-lactam allergies with full dose administration of a beta-lactam antibiotic in emergency department (ED) patients admitted for acute bacterial infection. METHODS: A single-center, retrospective, descriptive study of adult patients challenged with a full dose of beta-lactam in the ED from January 2021 to December 2022 was conducted. Included patients had at least one documented moderate, severe, or unknown beta-lactam allergy in the electronic medical record (EMR) without documentation of prior tolerance...
March 21, 2024: Academic Emergency Medicine
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