Andro

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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5) is a member of the proprotein convertase (PC) family, which processes immature proteins into functional proteins and plays an important role in the process of cell migration and transformation. Andrographolide is a non-peptide compound with PC inhibition and antitumor activity. Our research aimed to investigate the functional role of PCSK5 downregulation combined with Andro on GBM progression. Results from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and clinical samples revealed a significant upregulation of PCSK5 in GBM tissues than in non-tumor brain tissues...

Primary bone lymphoma of the scapula is a rare tumor that usually causes local pain. The presented patient suffered for two years from paresthesia, tingling, numbness, and edema of the little and ring fingers. The 45-year-old man underwent several radiological and neurological assessments of the palm, elbow, and neck before radiographs revealed a tumor of the left shoulder. Once diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was confirmed, immunochemotherapy with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and methylprednisolone (R-CHOP) started...

INTRODUCTION: Tinnitus is a frequent condition that indicates the sensation of sound in the absence of a corresponding external stimulus and can significantly impair the quality of life. The main risk factor for developing tinnitus is hearing loss. The diagnosis of tinnitus is based on history, assessment of tinnitus severity, clinical examination, and audiological tests. The main purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between the presence and level of hearing loss and the characteristics of tinnitus in patients with bilateral subjective tinnitus...

This meta-analysis was conducted to clarify the role of klotho and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) in human arterial remodeling across recent studies, in terms of arterial calcification, thickness, and stiffness. A systematic literature search was conducted on five databases for articles up to December 2023. Arterial calcification, thickness, and stiffness were determined using the calcification score and artery affected, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and pulse wave velocity (PWV), respectively...

The pathological and physiological studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been in-depth, and apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) has been proven to be highly correlated with AD, and clinical and experimental data show that ApoE4 can cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury, and the change of BBB permeability is an important factor affecting the development of AD. Andrographolide (Andro), as the active component of the natural plant Andrographis paniculata, has been proven to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which have potential neuroprotective effects...

The main purpose of the study was to establish, whether future cardiorespiratory fitness might be predicted by the level of muscular fitness at baseline. In this 3-year follow-up study, we recruited 240 secondary school girls at the age of 15 y, who were followed until the age of 17 y. Muscular fitness included the following tests: (i) standing broad jump (cm), (ii) sit-ups in 60 s (#) and (iii) squats in 60 s (#). Cardiorespiratory fitness was split into aerobic endurance (the 800-m run test) and speed endurance (the 400-m run test)...

PURPOSE: Doxorubicin (Dox) is clinically limited due to its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Andrographolide (Andro) has been confirmed to exert cardiovascular protective activities. This study aimed to investigate protective effects of Andro in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). METHODS: The cardiotoxicity models were induced by Dox in vitro and in vivo. The viability and apoptosis of H9c2 cells and the myocardial function of c57BL/6 mice were accessed with and without Andro pretreatment...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle in cancer chemotherapy. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) one of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters plays an important role in MDR. In this study, we examined the sensitizing property of andrographolide (Andro) to reverse MDR in the drug-resistant KBChR 8-5 cells. Andro exhibited increased cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner in the P-gp overexpressing KBChR 8-5 cells. Furthermore, Andro showed synergistic interactions with PTX and DOX in this drug-resistant cells...

PURPOSE: Precooling (PreC) may only benefit performance when thermal strain experienced by an individual is sufficiently high. We explored the effect of mixed-method PreC on 20-km cycling time-trial (CTT) performance under 3 different apparent temperatures (AT). METHODS: On separate days, 12 trained or highly trained male cyclists/triathletes completed six 20-km CTTs in 3 different ATs: hot-dry (35 °C AT), moderately hot-humid (40 °C AT), and hot-humid (46 °C AT)...

Introduction  The most common postoperative complication of total thyroidectomy is hypocalcemia, usually monitored using serum parathyroid hormone and calcium values. Objective  To identify the most accurate predictors of hypocalcemia, construct a risk assesment algorithm and analyze the impact of using several calcium correction formulas in practice. Methods  A prospective, single-center, non-randomized longitudinal cohort study on 205 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. Parathyroid hormone, serum, and ionized calcium were sampled post-surgery, with the presence of symptomatic or laboratory-verified asymptomatic hypocalcemia designated as primary outcome measures...

Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a rare congenital craniofacial condition that affects approximately one out of fifty thousand births. Different ratios of TCS patients have conductive hearing loss: 88%1 vs. 91.4-100.00%2 . For this reason, it was examined which hearing solutions can be used with this condition and how effective they are. A systematic literature review was conducted, which showed that the bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA, OSIA), the bone conduction implant (Bonebridge) or the active implant of the middle ear (Soundbridge) are reliable methods for the treatment of conductive hearing loss in TCS patients...

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is an important pathogen that causes significant economic losses to salmon trout farming. Although vaccines have been invented for the treatment of IHNV, findings from our previous survey show that breeding enterprises and farmers require effective oral drugs or immune enhancers. However, studies on the development of oral drugs are limited. In the present study, we used bioinformatics methods to predict the protein targets of andrographolide (Andro) in IHNV. Cells were infected with IHNV, and the effect of andrographolide was explored by evaluating the expression levels of genes implicated in oxidative stress, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and the expression of genes implicated in apoptosis and necrosis...

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) are usually illegally added to animal feed because they can significantly promote animal growth and increase carcasses' leanness, which threatens the safety of animal-derived foods and indirectly hazards human health. This study aimed to establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous detection of twelve AAS residues in livestock and poultry meat. The homogenized samples were extracted with acetonitrile containing 1% acetic acid ( v / v ) and purified using the one-step extraction column...

Andrographolide has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, making it a potential therapeutic option for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our research group optimized its structure in a previous study to minimize the risk of renal toxicity, which would beneficial for future clinical research. This study aims to examine the impact of Andro-III on enhancing cognitive learning ability in 3xTg-AD mice, as well as the mechanisms involved. Andro-III improved spatial learning ability, prevented the loss of Nysted's vesicles, reduced the accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau proteins, and suppressed microglial activation...

Salivary cortisone strongly correlates with serum cortisol, and since it is less invasive to measure salivary cortisone than serum cortisol and easier than to measure cortisol in saliva, as its concentrations are much lower, we wanted to compare salivary cortisone and cortisol levels as markers of noise-induced stress reaction. The study included 104 participants aged 19-30 years, 50 of whom were exposed to occupational noise ≥85 dB(A) and 54 non-exposed, control students. All participants took samples of their saliva with Salivette® Cortisol synthetic swabs on three consecutive working days first thing in the morning...

We report the discovery of Gordonia phage Conley, a siphovirus isolated from Cullowhee Creek in the Fall of 2022. The 60,078bp genome contains 90 predicted protein-coding genes all transcribed in the same direction and has been assigned to genetic cluster DJ based on gene content similarity.

INTRODUCTION: Volar plate malpositioning in the treatment of distal radial fracture can lead to tendinitis or even tendon tear, especially when the plate position is very distal. We studied the impact of design on plate position in the distal radius. The primary aim was to compare the position of six volar wrist plates relative to the watershed line using the Soong classification. The secondary objectives were to assess the epidemiology of volar locking plate fixation within the administrative Département of Finistère (northwestern France) and to study whether the type of fracture played a role in plate position...

This study demonstrates the reversible structural transformation, single-crystal-to-single-crystal, of the ammonium vanadyl ( L -tartrate) complex salt from the hydrate phase to the anhydrous phase. The transformation can be initiated by stimuli, such as temperature, humidity, or vacuum conditions. The hydrate and anhydrous phases exhibit a tetragonal structure ( P 41 21 2), with marked differences in hydrogen bonding due to the presence or absence of one water molecule per asymmetric unit. The intricate relationship between crystal packing and intermolecular interactions in the hydrate phase was investigated by crystallographic charge density analysis revealing, at the molecular level, the reasons for the observed 5 orders of magnitude higher proton conductivity of the hydrate phase compared to that of the anhydrous phase...

BACKGROUND: Dioecy, a sexual system of single-sexual (gynoecious/androecious) individuals, is rare in flowering plants. This rarity may be a result of the frequent transition from dioecy into systems with co-sexual individuals. RESULTS: In this study, co-sexual expression (monoecy and hermaphroditic development), previously thought to be polyploid-specific in Diospyros species, was identified in the diploid D. oleifeara historically. We characterized potential genetic mechanisms that underlie the dissolution of dioecy to monoecy and andro(gyno)monoecy, based on multiscale genome-wide investigations of 150 accessions of Diospyros oleifera...