lung cancer AND nutrition* AND chemotherapy

BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) and serum albumin (ALB) level are long-established markers that reflect the nutritional status and eventually the prognosis of cancer patients. The objective of the study was to determine the clinical significance of these factors and specify their roles in outcomes compared with performance status (PS) and weight loss (WL), which are considered the most significant patient-related prognostic factors in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treated with platinum-etoposide-based chemotherapy...

BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of the Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) in advanced pancreatic cancer is recognized, but its correlation with patients´ nutritional status and outcomes remains unexplored. AIM: To study the prognostic significance of SIRI and weight loss in metastatic pancreatic cancer. METHODS: The PANTHEIA-Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) study is a multicentric (16 Spanish hospitals), observational, longitudinal, non-interventional initiative, promoted by the SEOM Real World-Evidence work group...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Recent lung cancer treatments include an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) pembrolizumab, platinum-based agents, plus an additional cytotoxic anticancer agent. Nutritional indices, such as the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), are known to correlate with the prognosis of cancer chemotherapy. Several previous studies have investigated the relationship between PNI and treatment response in non-small cell lung cancer patients, reporting significantly increased OS and PFS in the high PNI group before treatment...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with platinum-containing chemotherapy are recommended as the standard first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, specific prognostic markers for this combination therapy are yet to be identified. Evaluation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell surface programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) exhibits potential in predicting the efficacy of the aforementioned combination therapy. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of CTC PD-L1 testing and other clinical characteristics in patients with NSCLC treated with combination therapy as first-line treatment...

INTRODUCTION: Whether airway-compromised airway-esophageal fistula (AEF) patients should undergo combined airway and esophageal stenting is controversial. This study was designed to evaluate the survival prognosis and poststent interventions in AEF patients with airways compromised by advanced malignancy with or without airway stents. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical records, survival times, and poststent interventions of 17 patients with or without airway stents was performed...

Currently, lung cancer remains one of the deadliest cancers, with a very high mortality rate, accounting for approximately 18% of all cancer-related deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of all lung cancer deaths. In particular, elderly patients generally have poor tolerance to chemotherapy or cannot tolerate chemotherapy. This case analysis focuses on an elderly patient with non-small cell lung cancer stage IV. The patient was an 86-year-old female with poor nutritional status and low body weight (27 kg) and could not tolerate platinum-based dual-drug first-line chemotherapy...

INTRODUCTION: Combination therapy of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies and platinum-based chemotherapy has been widely used as a first-line treatment for patients with unresectable advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in clinical settings; however, prognostic biomarkers associated with survival outcomes have not been sufficiently investigated. METHODS: We enrolled 147 previously untreated patients with advanced NSCLC who were treated with a combination therapy of anti-PD-1/-PD-L1 antibodies and platinum-based chemotherapy at eight institutions in Nagano Prefecture between December 2018 and April 2023...

Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents most lung cancer cases, and approximately one-third of patients present with stage III disease at diagnosis. As multiple treatment plans can be adopted for these patients depending on tumor size and nodal staging, stage III NSCLC management is challenging. Over the past decades, multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) have been implemented in healthcare services to coordinate actions among the different health care professionals involved in cancer care...

Objectives: Lung cancer is known to be associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Moreover; nutritional status is associated with chronic obstructive disease treatment and lung cancer. Our aim was to evaluate the interaction of the COPD status and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Eighty-two patients were enrolled in our multicenter study. Chronic obstructive disease stage, spirometry and treatment was recorded along with the treatment and Body Mass Index (BMI), Mediterranian Diet Score, Pack Years, Basic Metabolsim (RMR) (kcal/day), VO₂ (ml/min), Ve (lt/min) and Physical Activity...

Surgical resection remains the gold standard of treatment for early-stage lung cancer. Several risk models exist to predict postoperative morbidity and mortality. Psoas muscle sarcopenia has already successfully been used for morbidity prediction in lung transplantation and is not yet included in the available risk scores for pulmonary resections. We hypothesized that the skeletal muscle index and mediastinal adipose tissue might also have an impact on postoperative outcomes after primary surgery for primary lung cancer...

OBJECTIVE: This research explored the relationship between a patient's nutritional state and inflammatory markers and the prognosis of their non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment while receiving a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. METHOD: This retrospective and single-center analysis included NSCLC patients who received a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy at the Department of Oncology at Shanghai Lung Hospital. Patients were categorized based on malnutrition, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and advanced-lung-cancer-inflammation-index (ALI) scores after collecting nutritional and inflammatory indices...

AIM: Sarcopenia and skeletal muscle density (SMD) have been shown to be both predictive and prognostic marker in oncology. Advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) has been shown to predict overall survival (OS) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Computed tomography (CT) enables skeletal muscle to be quantified, whereas body mass index (BMI) cannot accurately reflect body composition. The purpose was to evaluate the prognostic value of modified ALI (mALI) using CT-determined third lumbar vertebra (L3) muscle index beyond original ALI and see the interaction between sarcopenia, SMD, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), ALI and mALI at baseline and post 4 cycles of chemotherapy and their effects on OS and progress free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced non-SCLC (NSCLC)...

BACKGROUND: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effects of oral omega-3 fatty acids in lowering the risk of malnutrition and improving the inflammatory response in patients with stage II-III lung cancer receiving postoperative chemotherapy. METHODS: One hundred and three lung cancer patients identified as being at risk for malnutrition according to the 2002 nutritional risk screening criteria were randomized into either the omega-3 fatty acid supplementation group or the placebo group during postoperative chemotherapy...

AIMS: Global guidelines recommend that all older patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy should undergo a geriatric assessment. However, utilisation of the geriatric assessment is often constrained by its time-intensive nature, which limits its adoption in settings with limited resources and high demand. There is a lack of evidence correlating the results of the geriatric assessment with survival from the Indian subcontinent. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to assess the impact of the geriatric assessment on survival in older Indian patients with cancer and to identify the factors associated with survival in these older patients...

PURPOSE: Preoperative (neoadjuvant) radiation therapy (RT) is an essential part of multimodal rectal cancer therapy. Recently, total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) which combines simultaneous radio-chemotherapy with additional courses of chemotherapy (CTx) has emerged as an effective approach. TNT achieves a pathological complete remission in approximately 30% of resected patients, opening avenues for treatment strategies that avoid radical organ resection. Furthermore, recent studies have demonstrated that anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (IT) can induce clinical complete responses in patients with specific genetic alterations...

BACKGROUND: We sought to determine the prognostic value of the newly developed Global Immune-Nutrition-Inflammation Index (GINI) in patients with stage IIIC non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). METHODS: This study was conducted on a cohort of 802 newly diagnosed stage IIIC NSCLC patients who underwent CCRT. The novel GINI created first here was defined as follows: GINI = [C-reactive protein × Platelets × Monocytes × Neutrophils] ÷ [Albumin × Lymphocytes]...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze end-of-life care practices in lung disease patients with physician orders for life-sustaining treatment (POLSTs). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from medical records regarding the end-of-life care practices of POLST decisions for patients with lung disease hospitalized at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea. Data were collected from January 1 to June 30, 2021. RESULTS: Of 300 total patients, 198 had lung cancer (66...

BACKGROUND: The relationship between nutritional status and prognosis of cancer patients has emerged as a hotspot for research. The aim of this study is to explore the application value of the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) in assessing the prognosis of elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and establish a Nomogram to predict the prognosis of elderly patients with NSCLC. METHODS: The data of patients with NSCLC aged ≥65 years who were initially treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed...

BACKGROUND: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive tumor with a high metastatic potential, particularly affecting current or former heavy smokers. Treatment typically involves chemotherapy, often combined with radiotherapy, and immunotherapy for extensive disease. Prophylactic cranial irradiation is recommended to reduce brain metastases. Elderly SCLC patients face unique challenges due to frailty and comorbidities, leading to increased risks of treatment-related toxicity and malnutrition...

BACKGROUND: Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most common symptoms reported by cancer patients and is considered to be related to inflammation. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the effects of nutritional support based on the dietary anti-inflammatory index on cancer-related fatigue in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled trial with 106 lung cancer patients who were divided into either the anti-inflammatory diet group (n = 53) or the usual diet group (n = 53) for 3 months...