keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543189/a-review-of-advances-in-bioanalytical-methods-for-the-detection-and-quantification-of-olanzapine-and-its-metabolites-in-complex-biological-matrices
#1
REVIEW
Anna Czyż, Alicja Zakrzewska-Sito, Julita Kuczyńska
Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that significantly affects the social and professional life of patients, causing distortion of reality and loss of identity and cognitive abilities. Psychopharmacological treatment is an integral part of modern psychiatry, and the introduction of new "atypical" antipsychotic drugs has brought significant progress in the treatment of this disorder. One of these drugs is olanzapine, which has an effective effect on the productive symptoms of schizophrenia while having an almost minimal potential to cause extrapyramidal syndrome...
March 21, 2024: Pharmaceuticals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542252/biomarkers-of-depression-among-adolescent-girls-bdnf-and-epigenetics
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weronika Zwolińska, Karolina Bilska, Kateryna Tarhonska, Edyta Reszka, Maria Skibińska, Natalia Pytlińska, Agnieszka Słopień, Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz
Alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression have been suggested to mediate the influence of environmental factors on the emergence of depression through epigenetic modifications. However, research on this subject in the developmental population is lacking and the pathophysiology of adolescent depression remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the alterations in BDNF expression and global DNA methylation in depression among adolescent girls. Thirty female inpatients with the initial diagnosis of depression were assessed before and after the period of antidepressant treatment and compared with thirty age-matched healthy controls...
March 14, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538614/melatonin-alleviates-chronic-stress-induced-hippocampal-microglia-pyroptosis-and-subsequent-depression-like-behaviors-by-inhibiting-cathepsin-b-nlrp3-signaling-pathway-in-rats
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhicheng Gao, Kangxin Luo, Yulin Hu, Yunqian Niu, Xinchao Zhu, Shoujun Li, Haiyang Zhang
Melatonin improves chronic stress-induced hippocampal damage and depression-like behaviors, but the mechanism needs further study. This study was to explore the mechanism of melatonin inhibiting microglia pyroptosis. In virtro experiments, melatonin improved corticosterone-induced the ultrastructure and microstructure damage of HAPI cells by inhibiting pyroptosis, thereby increasing cell survival rate. Protein-protein interaction network and molecular autodocking predicted that Cathespin B might be the target of melatonin inhibition of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis...
March 27, 2024: Translational Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537483/changes-in-bdnf-methylation-patterns-after-cognitive-remediation-therapy-in-schizophrenia-a-randomized-and-controlled-trial
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rafael Penadés, Carmen Almodóvar-Payá, Clemente García-Rizo, Victoria Ruíz, Rosa Catalán, Sergi Valero, Til Wykes, Mar Fatjó-Vilas, Bárbara Arias
Although cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) produces cognitive benefits in schizophrenia, we do not yet understand whether molecular changes are associated with this cognitive improvement. A gene central to synaptic plasticity, the BDNF, has been proposed as one potential route. This study assesses whether BDNF methylation changes following CRT-produced cognitive improvement are detected. A randomized and controlled trial was performed with two groups (CRT, n = 40; TAU: Treatment as Usual, n = 20) on a sample of participants with schizophrenia...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Psychiatric Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532012/immunophenotypes-in-psychosis-is-it-a-premature-inflamm-aging-disorder
#5
REVIEW
Song Chen, Yunlong Tan, Li Tian
Immunopsychiatric field has rapidly accumulated evidence demonstrating the involvement of both innate and adaptive immune components in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Nevertheless, researchers are facing dilemmas of discrepant findings of immunophenotypes both outside and inside the brains of psychotic patients, as discovered by recent meta-analyses. These discrepancies make interpretations and interrogations on their roles in psychosis remain vague and even controversial, regarding whether certain immune cells are more activated or less so, and whether they are causal or consequential, or beneficial or harmful for psychosis...
March 26, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532011/active-forgetting-and-neuropsychiatric-diseases
#6
REVIEW
Jacob A Berry, Dana C Guhle, Ronald L Davis
Recent and pioneering animal research has revealed the brain utilizes a variety of molecular, cellular, and network-level mechanisms used to forget memories in a process referred to as "active forgetting". Active forgetting increases behavioral flexibility and removes irrelevant information. Individuals with impaired active forgetting mechanisms can experience intrusive memories, distressing thoughts, and unwanted impulses that occur in neuropsychiatric diseases. The current evidence indicates that active forgetting mechanisms degrade, or mask, molecular and cellular memory traces created in synaptic connections of "engram cells" that are specific for a given memory...
March 26, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532010/serotonin-effects-on-human-ipsc-derived-neural-cell-functions-from-mitochondria-to-depression
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iseline Cardon, Sonja Grobecker, Frederike Jenne, Tatjana Jahner, Rainer Rupprecht, Vladimir M Milenkovic, Christian H Wetzel
Depression's link to serotonin dysregulation is well-known. The monoamine theory posits that depression results from impaired serotonin activity, leading to the development of antidepressants targeting serotonin levels. However, their limited efficacy suggests a more complex cause. Recent studies highlight mitochondria as key players in depression's pathophysiology. Mounting evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction significantly correlates with major depressive disorder (MDD), underscoring its pivotal role in depression...
March 26, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532009/chronometric-tms-fmri-of-personalized-left-dorsolateral-prefrontal-target-reveals-state-dependency-of-subgenual-anterior-cingulate-cortex-effects
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Grosshagauer, Michael Woletz, Maria Vasileiadi, David Linhardt, Lena Nohava, Anna-Lisa Schuler, Christian Windischberger, Nolan Williams, Martin Tik
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to a left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) area with a specific connectivity profile to the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) has emerged as a highly effective non-invasive treatment option for depression. However, antidepressant outcomes demonstrate significant variability among therapy plans and individuals. One overlooked contributing factor is the individual brain state at the time of treatment. In this study we used interleaved TMS-fMRI to investigate the influence of brain state on acute TMS effects, both locally and remotely...
March 26, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532008/sex-dimorphism-controls-dysbindin-related-cognitive-dysfunctions-in-mice-and-humans-with-the-contribution-of-comt
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Federica Geraci, Roberta Passiatore, Nora Penzel, Samuele Laudani, Alessandro Bertolino, Giuseppe Blasi, Adriana C E Graziano, Gianluca C Kikidis, Ciro Mazza, Madhur Parihar, Antonio Rampino, Leonardo Sportelli, Nicolò Trevisan, Filippo Drago, Francesco Papaleo, Fabio Sambataro, Giulio Pergola, Gian Marco Leggio
Cognitive dysfunctions are core-enduring symptoms of schizophrenia, with important sex-related differences. Genetic variants of the DTBPN1 gene associated with reduced dysbindin-1 protein (Dys) expression negatively impact cognitive functions in schizophrenia through a functional epistatic interaction with Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Dys is involved in the trafficking of dopaminergic receptors, crucial for prefrontal cortex (PFC) signaling regulation. Moreover, dopamine signaling is modulated by estrogens via inhibition of COMT expression...
March 26, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531835/identifying-plasma-metabolic-characteristics-of-major-depressive-disorder-bipolar-disorder-and-schizophrenia-in-adolescents
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bangmin Yin, Yuping Cai, Teng Teng, Xiaolin Wang, Xueer Liu, Xuemei Li, Jie Wang, Hongyan Wu, Yuqian He, Fandong Ren, Tianzhang Kou, Zheng-Jiang Zhu, Xinyu Zhou
Major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SCZ) are classified as major mental disorders and together account for the second-highest global disease burden, and half of these patients experience symptom onset in adolescence. Several studies have reported both similar and unique features regarding the risk factors and clinical symptoms of these three disorders. However, it is still unclear whether these disorders have similar or unique metabolic characteristics in adolescents. We conducted a metabolomics analysis of plasma samples from adolescent healthy controls (HCs) and patients with MDD, BD, and SCZ...
March 26, 2024: Translational Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531832/molecular-mechanisms-involved-in-alcohol-craving-irf3-and-endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-a-multi-omics-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ming-Fen Ho, Cheng Zhang, Irene Moon, Mustafa Tuncturk, Brandon J Coombes, Joanna Biernacka, Michelle Skime, Tyler S Oesterle, Victor M Karpyak, Hu Li, Richard Weinshilboum
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the most prevalent substance use disorder worldwide. Acamprosate and naltrexone are anti-craving drugs used in AUD pharmacotherapy. However, molecular mechanisms underlying their anti-craving effect remain unclear. This study utilized a patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based model system and anti-craving drugs that are used to treat AUD as "molecular probes" to identify possible mechanisms associated with alcohol craving. We examined the pathophysiology of craving and anti-craving drugs by performing functional genomics studies using iPSC-derived astrocytes and next-generation sequencing...
March 26, 2024: Translational Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528655/cannabidiol-modulates-hippocampal-genes-involved-in-mitochondrial-function-ribosome-biogenesis-synapse-organization-and-chromatin-modifications
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
João P D Machado, Valéria de Almeida, Antonio W Zuardi, Jaime E C Hallak, José A Crippa, André S Vieira
BACKGROUND: Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the main cannabinoids present in Cannabis sativa female flowers. Previous investigation has already provided insights into the CBD molecular mechanism, however, there is no transcriptome data for CBD effects on hippocampal subfields. Here, we investigate transcriptomic changes in dorsal and ventral CA1 of adult mice hippocampus after 100 mg/kg of CBD administration (i.p.) for one or seven consecutive days. METHODS: C57BL/6JUnib mice were treated with either vehicle or CBD for 1 or 7 days...
March 26, 2024: Acta Neuropsychiatrica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528072/resting-state-functional-connectivity-modifications-in-monoaminergic-circuits-underpin-fatigue-development-in-patients-with-multiple-sclerosis
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Monica Margoni, Paola Valsasina, Anna Bacchetti, Damiano Mistri, Paolo Preziosa, Maria A Rocca, Massimo Filippi
Dysregulation of monoaminergic networks might have a role in the pathogenesis of fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated longitudinal changes of resting state (RS) functional connectivity (FC) in monoaminergic networks and their association with the development of fatigue in MS. Eighty-nine MS patients and 49 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent neurological, fatigue, and RS functional MRI assessment at baseline and after a median follow-up of 1.3 years (interquartile range = 1...
March 25, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528071/transcriptomic-dysregulation-and-autistic-like-behaviors-in-kmt2c-haploinsufficient-mice-rescued-by-an-lsd1-inhibitor
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takumi Nakamura, Toru Yoshihara, Chiharu Tanegashima, Mitsutaka Kadota, Yuki Kobayashi, Kurara Honda, Mizuho Ishiwata, Junko Ueda, Tomonori Hara, Moe Nakanishi, Toru Takumi, Shigeyoshi Itohara, Shigehiro Kuraku, Masahide Asano, Takaoki Kasahara, Kazuo Nakajima, Takashi Tsuboi, Atsushi Takata, Tadafumi Kato
Recent studies have consistently demonstrated that the regulation of chromatin and gene transcription plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders. Among many genes involved in these pathways, KMT2C, encoding one of the six known histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferases in humans and rodents, was identified as a gene whose heterozygous loss-of-function variants are causally associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the Kleefstra syndrome phenotypic spectrum. However, little is known about how KMT2C haploinsufficiency causes neurodevelopmental deficits and how these conditions can be treated...
March 26, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523183/oral-esketamine-in-patients-with-treatment-resistant-depression-a-double-blind-randomized-placebo-controlled-trial-with-open-label-extension
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sanne Y Smith-Apeldoorn, Jolien K E Veraart, Jeanine Kamphuis, Jan Spijker, Annemarie van der Meij, Antoinette D I van Asselt, Marije Aan Het Rot, Robert A Schoevers
About one-third of patients with depression do not achieve adequate response to current treatment options. Although intravenous and intranasal administrations of (es)ketamine have shown antidepressant properties, their accessibility and scalability are limited. We investigated the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of generic oral esketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in a randomized placebo-controlled trial with open-label extension. This study consisted of 1) a six-week fixed low-dose treatment phase during which 111 participants received oral esketamine 30 mg or placebo three times a day; 2) a four-week wash-out phase; and 3) an optional six-week open-label individually titrated treatment phase during which participants received 0...
March 25, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519640/genetic-contribution-to-microglial-activation-in-schizophrenia
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marja Koskuvi, Elina Pörsti, Tristen Hewitt, Noora Räsänen, Ying-Chieh Wu, Kalevi Trontti, Amanda McQuade, Shringaa Kalyanaraman, Ilkka Ojansuu, Olli Vaurio, Tyrone D Cannon, Jouko Lönnqvist, Sebastian Therman, Jaana Suvisaari, Jaakko Kaprio, Mathew Blurton-Jones, Iiris Hovatta, Markku Lähteenvuo, Taisia Rolova, Šárka Lehtonen, Jari Tiihonen, Jari Koistinaho
Several lines of evidence indicate the involvement of neuroinflammatory processes in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). Microglia are brain resident immune cells responding toward invading pathogens and injury-related products, and additionally, have a critical role in improving neurogenesis and synaptic functions. Aberrant activation of microglia in SCZ is one of the leading hypotheses for disease pathogenesis, but due to the lack of proper human cell models, the role of microglia in SCZ is not well studied...
March 22, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514804/the-alzheimer-s-disease-risk-gene-bin1-regulates-activity-dependent-gene-expression-in-human-induced-glutamatergic-neurons
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Orthis Saha, Ana Raquel Melo de Farias, Alexandre Pelletier, Dolores Siedlecki-Wullich, Bruna Soares Landeira, Johanna Gadaut, Arnaud Carrier, Anaïs-Camille Vreulx, Karine Guyot, Yun Shen, Amelie Bonnefond, Philippe Amouyel, Julia Tcw, Devrim Kilinc, Claudio Marcos Queiroz, Fabien Delahaye, Jean-Charles Lambert, Marcos R Costa
Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1) is the second most important Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk gene, but its physiological roles in neurons and its contribution to brain pathology remain largely elusive. In this work, we show that BIN1 plays a critical role in the regulation of calcium homeostasis, electrical activity, and gene expression of glutamatergic neurons. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing on cerebral organoids generated from isogenic BIN1 wild type (WT), heterozygous (HET) and homozygous knockout (KO) human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), we show that BIN1 is mainly expressed by oligodendrocytes and glutamatergic neurons, like in the human brain...
March 22, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514803/the-nested-hierarchical-model-of-self-and-its-non-relational-vs-relational-posttraumatic-manifestation-an-fmri-meta-analysis-of-emotional-processing
#18
Andrea Scalabrini, Marco Cavicchioli, Francesco Benedetti, Clara Mucci, Georg Northoff
Different kinds of traumatic experiences like natural catastrophes vs. relational traumatic experiences (e.g., sex/physical abuse, interpersonal partner violence) are involved in the development of the self and PTSD psychopathological manifestations. Looking at a neuroscience approach, it has been proposed a nested hierarchical model of self, which identifies three neural-mental networks: (i) interoceptive; (ii) exteroceptive; (iii) mental. However, it is still unclear how the self and its related brain networks might be affected by non-relational vs relational traumatic experiences...
March 21, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509197/chemogenetic-inhibition-of-central-amygdala-crf-expressing-neurons-decreases-alcohol-intake-but-not-trauma-related-behaviors-in-a-rat-model-of-post-traumatic-stress-and-alcohol-use-disorder
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bryan Cruz, Valentina Vozella, Vittoria Borgonetti, Ryan Bullard, Paula C Bianchi, Dean Kirson, Luisa B Bertotto, Michal Bajo, Roman Vlkolinsky, Robert O Messing, Eric P Zorrilla, Marisa Roberto
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are often comorbid. Few treatments exist to reduce comorbid PTSD/AUD. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying their comorbidity could reveal new avenues for therapy. Here, we employed a model of comorbid PTSD/AUD, in which rats were subjected to a stressful shock in a familiar context followed by alcohol drinking. We then examined fear overgeneralization and irritability in these rats. Familiar context stress elevated drinking, increased fear overgeneralization, increased alcohol-related aggressive signs, and elevated peripheral stress hormones...
March 21, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503931/introducing-neurofilament-light-chain-measure-in-psychiatry-current-evidence-opportunities-and-pitfalls
#20
REVIEW
Francesco Bavato, Christian Barro, Laura K Schnider, Joel Simrén, Henrik Zetterberg, Erich Seifritz, Boris B Quednow
The recent introduction of new-generation immunoassay methods allows the reliable quantification of structural brain markers in peripheral matrices. Neurofilament light chain (NfL), a neuron-specific cytoskeletal component released in extracellular matrices after neuroaxonal impairment, is considered a promising blood marker of active brain pathology. Given its sensitivity to a wide range of neuropathological alterations, NfL has been suggested for the use in clinical practice as a highly sensitive, but unspecific tool to quantify active brain pathology...
March 19, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
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