Lymphoma transplant

BACKGROUND: Patients with relapsed or refractory hematologic cancers have a poor prognosis. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy as a bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) has the potential for long-term tumor elimination. However, pre-HSCT myeloablation and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis agents have toxic effects and could eradicate residual CAR T cells and compromise antitumor effects. Whether the integration of CAR T-cell therapy and allogeneic HSCT can preserve CAR T-cell function and improve tumor control is unclear...

Cortactin, a cytoskeletal protein and substrate of src kinase, is implicated in tumor aggressiveness. However, its role in bone cell differentiation remains unknown. The current study revealed that cortactin was upregulated during osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation. Functional experiments demonstrated that cortactin promoted the differentiation of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. Mechanistically, cortactin was able to stabilize the protein level of mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR), leading to the activation of mTOR signaling...

BACKGROUND: Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is characterized by high recurrence rates and poor prognosis, and effective first-line treatment is lacking. Recently, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), such as chidamide, have been found to induce durable remissions in AITL patients. METHODS: Patients with untreated AITL from March 2015 to March 2023 were retrospectively collected and divided into chemotherapy (ChT) group and chidamide combined with chemotherapy (C-ChT) group based on the first-line treatment received...

INTRODUCTION: Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have improved the prognosis of patients with plasma cell dyscrasia (PCD), but are also associated with increased infectious adverse events. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common latent pathogen that is reactivated in immunocompromised individuals. Although CMV reactivation has mostly been reported after high-dose chemotherapy followed by stem cell transplantation in patients with PCD, cases of reactivation during anti-CD38 mAb therapy have been reported recently...

CD5+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a rare subtype characterized by an inferior outcome. While dose-dense therapy shows promising activity, the optimal management remains to be determined. To evaluate the benefit of consolidative autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT), we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 47 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed de novo CD5+ DLBCL. Of 19 patients ≤ 70 of age with age-adjusted International Prognostic Index 2-3, eight underwent upfront ASCT, and nine did not, despite preserved organ function and response after induction therapy...

Hematological toxicity is a severe adverse event (AE) in anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the pathophysiological mechanism underlying prolonged cytopenia and the relationship between persistent cytopenia, efficacy, and AEs after anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy are unknown. Therefore, this study explored whether persistent cytopenia after anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy in patients with R/R DLBCL can predict therapeutic efficacy and AEs...

Ocular complications can occur in up to 90% of patients with blood malignancies. Such complications range from direct infiltration to local hemostatic imbalance and treatment-related toxicity. This narrative review is based on a systematic computerized search of the literature conducted until January 2024 and examines the common ocular complications associated with blood cancers. Ocular complications from primary disease include mass effects from ocular adnexal lymphomas and intraocular lymphomas, with B-cell lymphomas accounting for 95% of primary ocular presentations...

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening hematological disorder of immune dysregulation associated with significant challenges in diagnosis and management. Described as primary HLH secondary to genetic defects or more commonly secondary to infections, it can also occur secondary to malignancy, i.e., malignancy-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (M-HLH). A five-year-old male child presented with left cervical adenopathy and a high-spiking fever for two weeks. He had pallor, anasarca, multiple enlarged and matted cervical lymph nodes, respiratory distress, and hepatomegaly...

Lymphoid tumors with testicular involvement in childhood are rare and heterogeneous. The disease may manifest with uni- or bilateral scrotal enlargement. Comprehensive examination includes evaluation of all lymph nodes involvement, as well as ultrasound examination, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. A diagnosis is made on basis of morphological and immunohistochemical verification. Determination of lymphoid tumor variant and stage, is recommended to perform chemotherapy according to prognostic risk group, and, in some cases, transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells is required as consolidation therapy...

The FLT3 inhibitor quizartinib has been shown to improve overall survival when added to intensive induction chemotherapy ("7 + 3") in patients 18-75 years old with newly diagnosed AML harboring a FLT3- ITD mutation. However, the health economic implications of this approval are unknown. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of quizartinib using a partitioned survival analysis model. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted. In the base case scenario, the addition of quizartinib to 7 + 3 resulted in incremental costs of $289,932 compared with 7 + 3 alone...

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can cure malignant and nonmalignant hematological disorders. From 1983 to 2022, Taiwan performed more than 10,000 HSCT transplants. The Taiwan Blood and Marrow Transplantation Registry collects clinical information to gather everyone's experience and promote the advances of HSCT in Taiwan to gather everyone's experience and promote advances of HSCT in Taiwan. Compared with matched sibling donors, transplants from matched unrelated donors exhibited a trend of superior survival...

The remarkable efficacy of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) specific T-cells for the treatment of post-transplant lymphomas (PTLD) has not been reproduced for EBV+ malignancies outside the transplant setting. This is due in part to the heterogeneous expression and poor immunogenicity of the viral antigens expressed, namely LMPs 1 and 2, EBNA1, and BARF1 (type-2 (T2) latency). However, EBV lytic cycle proteins are also expressed in certain EBV+ malignancies, and since several EBV lytic cycle proteins are abundantly expressed, have oncogenic activity, and likely contribute to malignancy, we sought and identified viral lytic-cycle transcripts in EBV+ Hodgkin's lymphoma biopsies...

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a condition that is highly variable in presentation but life-threatening for post-transplant, immunosuppressed patients. Current standard management in PTLD sees the use of a chemoimmunotherapy regimen similar to the management of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Here, we discuss the case of a 33-year-old male with a history of renal transplant, hemodynamically stable, who presented with fevers and night sweats lasting one month. Investigations revealed multiple masses in his liver, the largest of which was biopsied and revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma...

PURPOSE: Therapy-related myeloid neoplasm (t-MN) is a life-threatening complication of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (aPBSCT) for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Although previous studies have reported an association between clonal hematopoiesis (CH) in the infused PBSC product and subsequent post-aPBSCT risk of t-MN in patients with non-HL, information about patients with HL treated with aPBSCT is not available. METHODS: We constructed a retrospective cohort of 321 patients with HL transplanted at a median age of 34 years (range, 18-71)...

Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) is an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy approved for treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). Despite extensive data supporting the use of axi-cel in patients with LBCL, outcomes stratified by race and ethnicity groups are limited. Here, we report clinical outcomes with axi-cel in patients with R/R LBCL by race and ethnicity in both real-world and clinical trial settings. In the real-world setting, 1290 patients with R/R LBCL who received axi-cel between 2017-2020 were identified from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research database; 106 and 169 patients were included from the ZUMA-1 and ZUMA-7 clinical trials, respectively...

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of different treatment strategies and risk factors on the prognosis of patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) in a single medical center. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The clinical features of 266 patients with ENKTL were retrospectively analyzed, among whom those in stages I and II received sandwich therapy, while those in stages III and IV underwent chemotherapy plus autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation...

A literature review does not provide information about the safety of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in a recipient who has previously received allogeneic HSCT. We treated a 69-year-old woman with diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The patient received autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the second complete remission of malignant lymphoma. The patient had undergone allogeneic hematopoietic SCT (allo-HSCT) for chronic myeloid leukemia 20 years ago. Chronic myeloid leukemia had been in complete remission for the previous 20 years...

BACKGROUND: Approximately two-thirds of patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma (R/R LBCL) do not respond to or relapse after anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T)-cell therapy, leading to poor outcomes. Previous studies have suggested that intensified lymphodepletion and hematological stem cell infusion can promote adoptively transferred T-cell expansion, enhancing antitumor effects. Therefore, we conducted a phase I/II clinical trial in which CNCT19 (an anti-CD19 CAR T-cell) was administered after myeloablative high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT/ASCT) in patients with R/R LBCL...

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) pathogenesis is strongly related to the role of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in which MCL cells proliferate. TIME cells can produce growth signals influencing MCL cells' survival and exert an antitumoral immune response suppression. The activity of TIME cells might be mirrored by some ratios of peripheral blood cell subpopulations, such as the monocyte-to-platelet ratio (MPR). We reviewed the clinical features of 165 consecutive MCL patients newly diagnosed and not eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation (both for age or comorbidities) who accessed two Italian Centers between 2006 and 2020...