keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535118/cardiac-allograft-vasculopathy-challenges-and-advances-in-invasive-and-non-invasive-diagnostic-modalities
#21
REVIEW
Moaz A Kamel, Isabel G Scalia, Amro T Badr, Nima Baba Ali, Juan M Farina, Milagros Pereyra, Mohammed Tiseer Abbas, Ahmed K Mahmoud, Robert L Scott, David E Steidley, Julie L Rosenthal, Lisa M Lemond, Kristen A Sell-Dottin, Brian W Hardaway, Timothy Barry, Ming Yang, Chieh-Ju Chao, Clinton E Jokerst, Chadi Ayoub, Reza Arsanjani
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a distinct form of coronary artery disease that represents a major cause of death beyond the first year after heart transplantation. The pathophysiology of CAV is still not completely elucidated; it involves progressive circumferential wall thickening of both the epicardial and intramyocardial coronary arteries. Coronary angiography is still considered the gold-standard test for the diagnosis of CAV, and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) can detect early intimal thickening with improved sensitivity...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535103/impact-of-intracranial-volume-and-brain-volume-on-the-prognostic-value-of-computed-tomography-perfusion-core-volume-in-acute-ischemic-stroke
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jan W Hoving, Praneeta R Konduri, Manon L Tolhuisen, Miou S Koopman, Henk van Voorst, Laura M Van Poppel, Jasper D Daems, Adriaan C G M van Es, Marianne A A van Walderveen, Hester F Lingsma, Diederik W J Dippel, Wim H Van Zwam, Henk A Marquering, Charles B L M Majoie, Bart J Emmer
BACKGROUND: Computed tomography perfusion (CTP)-estimated core volume is associated with functional outcomes in acute ischemic stroke. This relationship might differ among patients, depending on brain volume. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively included patients from the MR CLEAN Registry. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and intracranial volume (ICV) were automatically segmented on NCCT. We defined the proportion of the ICV and total brain volume (TBV) affected by the ischemic core as ICVcore and TBVcore ...
February 28, 2024: Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535100/metabolic-dysfunction-associated-liver-disease-in-patients-undergoing-coronary-computed-tomography-angiography
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rares Ilie Orzan, Rares Ioan Gligor, Renata Agoston, Carmen Cionca, Alexandru Zlibut, Raluca Pais, Andrada Seicean, Lucia Agoston-Coldea
In this single-center cross-sectional study on patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), we assessed the prognostic significance of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and CCTA-derived parameters for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Over a mean follow-up of 26.9 months, 2038 patients were analyzed, with 361 (17.7%) experiencing MACE. MASLD was associated with a higher MACE incidence (25.90% vs. 14.71% without MASLD, p < 0...
February 26, 2024: Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535067/relationship-of-maxillary-sinus-volume-and-nasal-septum-deviation-a-cone-beam-computed-tomography-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanda B Rodriguez Betancourt, Leidy J Martinez Somoza, Carlos Romero Mesa, Tolga Fikret Tozum, Carlos Fernando Mourão, Jamil Awad Shibli, Lina J Suárez
The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that there would be a correlation between nasal septum deviation (NSD) and a decreased maxillary sinus volume (MSV) in a Colombian population, using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT); other sinusal anatomical structures found during the reading were described and analyzed. A retrospective analysis of 537 CBCT scans of adult patients taken between January 2014 and January 2017 included measuring the maxillary sinus diameter in the vertical, horizontal, and sagittal planes...
March 19, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535063/local-diagnostic-reference-levels-for-adult-computed-tomography-urography-exams
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Faruk Husremović, Orhan Muharemović, Edis Đedović, Alma Efendić, Jasmin Mušanović, Rifat Omerović, Hedim Osmanović, Mustafa Busuladžić
A Computed Tomography Urography (CTU) scan is a medical imaging test that examines the urinary tract, including the bladder, kidneys, and ureters. It helps diagnose various urinary tract diseases with precision. However, patients undergoing CTU imaging receive a relatively high dose of radiation, which can be a concern. In our research paper, we analyzed the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol ) and Dose-Length Product (DLP) for 203 adult patients who underwent CTU at one of the most important regional centers in Bosnia and Herzegovina that sees a large number of patients...
March 19, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535062/the-role-of-sars-cov-2-nucleocapsidic-antigen-and-krebs-von-den-lungen-6-serum-levels-in-predicting-covid-19-pneumonia-outcome
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefano Sanduzzi Zamparelli, Vincenzo Fucci, Gaetano Rea, Francesco Perna, Marialuisa Bocchino, Alessandro Sanduzzi Zamparelli
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose a significant threat worldwide, with severe cases leading to hospitalization and death. This study aims to evaluate the potential use of serum nucleocapsid antigen (NAg) and Krebs von den Lungen-6 glycoprotein (KL-6) as biomarkers of severe COVID-19 and to investigate their correlation with clinical, radiological, and biochemical parameters. METHODS: This retrospective study included 128 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to a Neapolitan hospital in Italy between October 2020 and July 2021...
March 18, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535058/periportal-edema-as-an-extrarenal-manifestation-of-acute-pyelonephritis
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Yun Chang, Kuei-Hong Kuo
Acute pyelonephritis is a common infection of the upper urinary tract that affects approximately 250,000 adults in the United States. Individuals with acute pyelonephritis require hospitalization and intravenous antimicrobial therapy. Diagnoses of acute pyelonephritis are made on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings. Individuals with complex or severe acute pyelonephritis undergo contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis and assessment of perirenal abnormalities. However, extrarenal manifestations, such as periportal edema and gallbladder wall thickening, may complicate the diagnostic process...
March 18, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535047/optimizing-arterial-vessel-contrast-in-portal-venous-phase-with-virtual-monoenergetic-images-from-photon-counting-detector-ct-scans-of-the-abdomen-first-clinical-experiences
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Dillinger, Daniel Overhoff, Isabelle Ayx, Hanns L Kaatsch, Achim Hagen, Stefan O Schönberg, Stephan Waldeck
BACKGROUND: Photon-counting detector (PCD) computed tomography (CT) allows for the reconstruction of virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) at different thresholds. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the optimal arterial contrast in portal venous (pv) scans regarding objective parameters and subjective image quality for different virtual keV levels. METHODS: We identified 40 patients that underwent a CT scan with an arterial and pv phase on a PCD-CT (NAEOTOM alpha, Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany)...
March 15, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535045/photon-counting-detector-ct-virtual-monoenergetic-images-in-cervical-trauma-imaging-optimization-of-dental-metal-artifacts-and-image-quality
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Dillinger, Daniel Overhoff, Matthias F Froelich, Hanns L Kaatsch, Christian Booz, Achim Hagen, Thomas J Vogl, Stefan O Schönberg, Stephan Waldeck
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze the extent of dental metal artifacts in virtual monoenergetic (VME) images, as they often compromise image quality by obscuring soft tissue affecting vascular attenuation reducing sensitivity in the detection of dissections. METHODS: Neck photon-counting CT datasets of 50 patients undergoing contrast-enhanced trauma CT were analyzed. Hyperattenuation and hypoattenuation artifacts, muscle with and without artifacts and vessels with and without artifacts were measured at energy levels from 40 keV to 190 keV...
March 15, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535042/fusion-imaging-of-non-invasive-and-invasive-cardiac-electroanatomic-mapping-in-patients-with-ventricular-ectopic-beats-a-feasibility-analysis-in-a-case-series
#30
Matilda Muça, Stepan Zubarev, Dirk Bastian, Janusch Walaschek, Veronica Buia, Harald Rittger, Arsenii Dokuchaev, Thomas Bayer, Laura Vitali-Serdoz
In patients with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), non-invasive mapping could locate the PVCs' origin on a personalized 3-dimensional (3D) heart model and, thus, facilitate catheter ablation therapy planning. The aim of our report is to evaluate its accuracy compared to invasive mapping in terms of assessing the PVCs' early activation zone (EAZ). For this purpose, non-invasive electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) was performed using the Amycard 01C system (EP Solutions SA, Switzerland) in three cases...
March 15, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535041/short-and-long-term-chest-ct-findings-after-recovery-from-covid-19-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#31
REVIEW
Mustufa Babar, Hasan Jamil, Neil Mehta, Ahmed Moutwakil, Tim Q Duong
While ground-glass opacity, consolidation, and fibrosis in the lungs are some of the hallmarks of acute SAR-CoV-2 infection, it remains unclear whether these pulmonary radiological findings would resolve after acute symptoms have subsided. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate chest computed tomography (CT) abnormalities stratified by COVID-19 disease severity and multiple timepoints post-infection. PubMed/MEDLINE was searched for relevant articles until 23 May 2023. Studies with COVID-19-recovered patients and follow-up chest CT at least 12 months post-infection were included...
March 14, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535036/diet-and-lifestyle-intervention-induced-pattern-of-weight-loss-related-to-reduction-in-low-attenuation-coronary-plaque-burden
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jan Henzel, Mariusz Kruk, Cezary Kępka, Magdalena Makarewicz-Wujec, Łukasz Wardziak, Piotr Trochimiuk, Hubert Krysztofiak, Rafał Dąbrowski, Zofia Dzielińska, Pál Maurovich-Horvat, Marcin Demkow
BACKGROUND: Despite extensive research on body weight and cardiovascular risk, the mechanistic relationship between weight loss and coronary plaque modification has not been adequately addressed. This study aimed to determine the association between body composition dynamics and low-attenuation coronary plaque (LAP) burden. METHODS: Eighty-nine participants (40% women, 60 ± 7.7 years) of the Dietary Intervention to Stop Coronary Atherosclerosis in Computed Tomography (DISCO-CT) study with non-obstructive atherosclerosis with nonobstructive atherosclerosis confirmed in computed tomography angiography (CCTA), a randomized (1:1), prospective, single-center study were included into the analysis...
March 14, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535032/impact-of-ai-based-post-processing-on-image-quality-of-non-contrast-computed-tomography-of-the-chest-and-abdomen
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcel A Drews, Aydin Demircioğlu, Julia Neuhoff, Johannes Haubold, Sebastian Zensen, Marcel K Opitz, Michael Forsting, Kai Nassenstein, Denise Bos
Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) is commonly used for the evaluation of various pathologies including pulmonary infections or urolithiasis but, especially in low-dose protocols, image quality is reduced. To improve this, deep learning-based post-processing approaches are being developed. Therefore, we aimed to compare the objective and subjective image quality of different reconstruction techniques and a deep learning-based software on non-contrast chest and low-dose abdominal CTs. In this retrospective study, non-contrast chest CTs of patients suspected of COVID-19 pneumonia and low-dose abdominal CTs suspected of urolithiasis were analysed...
March 13, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535030/trends-in-preoperative-airway-assessment
#34
REVIEW
Ioan Florin Marchis, Matei Florin Negrut, Cristina Maria Blebea, Mirela Crihan, Alexandru Leonard Alexa, Caius Mihai Breazu
Airway management is a vital part of anesthesia practices, intensive care units, and emergency departments, and a proper pre-operative assessment can guide clinicians' plans for securing an airway. Complex airway assessment has recently been at the forefront of anesthesia research, with a substantial increase in annual publications during the last 20 years. In this paper, we provide an extensive overview of the literature connected with pre-operative airway evaluation procedures, ranging from essential bedside physical examinations to advanced imaging techniques such as ultrasound (US), radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...
March 13, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535011/lung-ultrasound-reproducibly-outperforms-computed-tomography-in-the-detection-of-extravascular-lung-water-in-patients-undergoing-haemodialysis
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John P Corcoran, Mark Hew, Ben Attwood, Murali Shyamsundar, Sheera Sutherland, Kristine Ventura, Rachel Benamore, Victoria St Noble, Hania E Piotrowska, Christopher W Pugh, Christian B Laursen, Fergus V Gleeson, Najib M Rahman
BACKGROUND: Lung ultrasound (LUS) is increasingly used as an extension of physical examination, informing clinical diagnosis, and decision making. There is particular interest in the assessment of patients with pulmonary congestion and extravascular lung water, although gaps remain in the evidence base underpinning this practice as a result of the limited evaluation of its inter-rater reliability and comparison with more established radiologic tests. METHODS: 30 patients undergoing haemodialysis were prospectively recruited to an observational cohort study (NCT01949402)...
March 11, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535010/relationship-between-bilateral-landmarks-of-facial-asymmetry-in-skeletal-class-ii-and-class-iii-in-vertical-dimension-3d-facial-scan-and-cone-beam-computed-tomography
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tanapat Jearanai, Bancha Samruajbenjakun, Pannapat Chanmanee
Significant facial asymmetry can lead to both functional and aesthetic issues. Often, such asymmetry originates from irregularities in the jaw structure. It is critical to recognize that asymmetries can be concealed by soft tissue, which may be overlooked. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between bilateral landmarks in the vertical dimension of facial asymmetry among individuals with skeletal Class II and Class III malocclusions. Fifty-two adult patients with a mean age of 24.4 ± 3...
March 11, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534864/mandibular-overdenture-supported-by-two-or-four-unsplinted-or-two-splinted-ti-zr-mini-implants-in-vitro-study-of-peri-implant-and-edentulous-area-strains
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dario Puljic, Nikola Petricevic, Asja Celebic, Ines Kovacic, Manuela Milos, Dalibor Pavic, Ognjen Milat
Clinical indications for the newly released Ti-Zr (Roxolid® ) alloy mini-implants (MDIs) aimed for overdenture (OD) retention in subjects with narrow alveolar ridges are not fully defined. The aim of this study was to analyze peri-implant and posterior edentulous area microstrains utilizing models of the mandible mimicking a "real" mouth situation with two (splinted with a bar or as single units) or four unsplinted Ti-Zr MDIs. The models were virtually designed from a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan of a convenient patient and printed...
March 15, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534570/coronal-knee-alignment-and-tibial-rotation-in-total-knee-arthroplasty-a-prospective-cohort-study-of-patients-with-end-stage-osteoarthritis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrej Strahovnik, Igor Strahovnik, Samo Karel Fokter
Several studies have found a relationship between the rotational anatomy of the distal femur and the overall coronal lower limb alignment in knees with osteoarthritis (OA). Less is known about the rotation of the proximal tibia, especially in the context of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), where one of the goals of the surgery is to achieve the appropriate component-to-component rotation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the coronal alignment of the lower extremity and the relative proximal tibial rotation...
March 21, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534553/off-label-use-of-an-external-hand-fixator-for-craniomaxillofacial-fractures-an-anatomical-feasibility-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Florian Wichlas, Marco Necchi, Teresa Gruber, Valeska Hofmann, Susanne Deininger, Sebastian Hubertus Markus Deininger, Amelie Deluca, Eva Steidle-Kloc, Jan Pruszak, Jörn Wittig, Christian Deininger
BACKGROUND: The lack of resources limits the treatment of craniomaxillofacial fractures (CMF) in low-income countries (LIC). Therefore, Barton bandages and/or interdental wiring are considered in these regions. Fracture reduction is maintained by permanent occlusion for 6 weeks, which often leads to limited compliance and dissatisfying results. The aim of this cadaver-based study is to evaluate the feasibility of the use of an external face fixator (EFF) for the treatment of CMF, its biomechanical values and to define the optimal pin insertion points and angles...
March 15, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534540/brain-tumor-detection-and-categorization-with-segmentation-of-improved-unsupervised-clustering-approach-and-machine-learning-classifier
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Usharani Bhimavarapu, Nalini Chintalapudi, Gopi Battineni
There is no doubt that brain tumors are one of the leading causes of death in the world. A biopsy is considered the most important procedure in cancer diagnosis, but it comes with drawbacks, including low sensitivity, risks during biopsy treatment, and a lengthy wait for results. Early identification provides patients with a better prognosis and reduces treatment costs. The conventional methods of identifying brain tumors are based on medical professional skills, so there is a possibility of human error. The labor-intensive nature of traditional approaches makes healthcare resources expensive...
March 8, 2024: Bioengineering
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