Galectin 1 lymphoma

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL/ATLL) is one of the most malignant lymphomas with poor prognosis. ATL/ATLL cells express CC chemokine receptor 4, and mogamulizumab (anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibody) exhibits strong cytotoxicity for ATL/ATLL cells. We analyzed plasma samples of 6 patients with ATL/ATLL treated with chemotherapy followed by mogamulizumab therapy (mogatherapy) for changes in the levels of biomarkers in relation to immune-related adverse effects. As treatment is often associated with skin eruptions, we investigated the profiles of inflammatory cytokines, including galectin-9 (Gal-9), which becomes increased in various infectious diseases and allergic patients...

Aberrant neovascularization is a consequence of inappropriate angiogenic signaling and contributes to several diseases. Although many regulators of pathogenic angiogenesis have been identified, the understanding of this process remains incomplete. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), as a homodimeric protein with a single carbohydrate-recognition domain, is implicated in several pathologic processes, including angiogenesis; however, its involvement in retinal neovascularization (RNV) remains unknown. Here, we investigated the anti-angiogenic effect of silencing Gal-1 through intravitreal injection in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR)...

Soluble Galectin-1 (sGal-1, also termed LGALS1), soluble CD163 (sCD163) and soluble CD30 (sCD30) have been reported to be elevated in plasma or serum of patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). We aimed to determine the clinical utility of these biomarkers for evaluation of treatment response compared to thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC, also termed CCL17). Plasma or serum samples were prospectively collected among 103 newly diagnosed cHL patients before and after treatment. Levels of sGal-1, sCD163, sCD30 and TARC were correlated with disease characteristics and clinical treatment response...

Intravascular large B cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by proliferation of malignant cells within the lumen of small vessels, with a predilection for the CNS and the skin. IVLBCL clinical course is highly aggressive, clinical signs and symptoms are not specific and may consist of neurological and cognitive impairment, fever of unknown origin and cutaneous lesions, lacking of a typical neuroimaging pattern. For all these reasons the diagnosis is commonly missed and the exitus is frequent, therefore post mortem evaluation is necessary to clarify the clinical history...

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most commonly diagnosed hematologic cancer of adults in the United States, with the vast majority of NHLs deriving from malignant B lymphocytes that express cell surface CD20. CD20 immunotherapy (rituximab) is widely used to treat NHL, even though the initial effectiveness of rituximab varies widely among patients and typically wanes over time. The mechanisms through which lymphomas initially resist or gain resistance to immunotherapy are not well established. To address this, a preclinical mouse model system was developed to comprehensively identify lymphoma transcriptomic changes that confer resistance to CD20 immunotherapy...

The aim of the study - to evaluate the prognostic value of galectin-3 for cumulative survival in patients with controlled non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Eighty two out subjects with full or partial remission of non-Hodgkin lymphoma were enrolled in the study. Observation period was up to 12 months. Blood samples for biomarkers measurements were collected. ELISA method for measurements of circulating level of Gal-3 and NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was used. Hemodynamic evaluation was performed by transthoracic echocardiography...

The interaction between cell surface glycans and extracellular matrix (ECM) including galectins is known to be closely associated with tumor cell adhesion, invasion and metastasis. We analyzed the roles of cell surface sialylation or glycosylation in galectin or ECM‑mediated cell adhesion and invasion of human malignant lymphoma cells. Neuraminidase from Arthrobacter ureafaciens (AU) treatment resulted in reduction of cell adhesion to galectin‑8 in human anaplastic large cell lymphoma (H‑ALCL) which was established in our laboratory...

A spontaneously immortalized adult Fischer rat Schwann cell line IFRS1 retains the characteristic features of normal Schwann cells, and can be a useful tool for the study of diabetic neuropathy. In the present study, we examined the effects of high glucose and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) on the viability and the protein expression of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE)-binding proteins, such as galectin-3 (GAL-3) and receptor for AGE (RAGE) in IFRS1 cells. Exposure to 30mM of glucose or 0.2mM of 3-DG for 7 days failed to impair the IFRS1 cell viability, but significantly upregulated the expression of GAL-3...

Neoplastic processes, tumor growth, and tumor cell proliferation and survival are often due to the altered activation of different signaling pathways. The increased activity of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling has been shown to be an important regulator of tumor growth in several solid tumors and in mantle cell lymphomas. The active form of mTOR kinase (mammalian target of rapamycin) is a key signaling molecule, and it exists in two different complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. In the present work, mTOR activity was investigated in different lymphoma types, in parallel with clinical data...

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are the most common primary skin lymphomas, which are characterized by an accumulation of malignant T cells in the skin. The early lesion resembles both clinically and histologically benign inflammatory disorders and also presents with hyperproliferative epidermis and T-cell infiltration. Despite considerable progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the malignant transformation of T cells, the causes of the morphological and histopathological features of the disease are largely unknown...

Galectin-1 is known to be one of the extracellular matrix proteins. To elucidate the biological roles of galectin-1 in cell adhesion and invasion of human anaplastic large cell lymphoma, we performed cell adhesion and invasion assays using the anaplastic large cell lymphoma cell line H-ALCL, which was previously established in our laboratory. From the cell surface lectin array, treatment with neuraminidase from Arthrobacter ureafaciens which cleaves all linkage types of cell surface sialic acid enhanced Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Helix pomatia (HPA) and Phaseolus vulgaris-L (L-PHA) lectin binding reactivity to cell surface of lymphoma cells suggesting that neuraminidase removes cell surface sialic acid...

Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is characterized by a paucity of neoplastic Hodgkin/Reed Sternberg (HRS) cells within a complex cellular milieu that is rendered immunologically incapable of reacting against CD30(+) HRS cells due to a plethora of immune escape mechanisms initiated by the neoplastic cells. Accounting for 25% of all lymphomas and nearly 95% of all Hodgkin lymphomas, patients with cHL are typically young adults. Besides traditional prognostic factors, such as the International Prognostic Index (IPI), newer imaging and ancillary biomarkers (CD68, Galectin-1 and plasma microRNA) have shown promise...

INTRODUCTION: The intervertebral disc has a complex structure originating developmentally from both the mesenchyme and notochord. Notochordal cells disappear during adolescence, which is also when human discs begin to show degenerative signs. During degeneration later in life, disc cells decline because of apoptosis. Although many animal models have been developed to simulate human disc degeneration, few studies have explored the long-term changes in cell population and phenotype. Our objective was to elucidate the time-dependent notochordal cell disappearance and apoptotic cell death in a rat tail static compression-induced disc degeneration model...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Galectins are a family of lectin molecules that have emerged as key players in inflammation and tumor progresssion by displaying intracellular and extracellular activities. This review describes the recent advances on the role of galectins in hematological neoplasms. RECENT FINDINGS: Galectin-1 and galectin-3 are the best studied galectins in oncohematology. Increased expression of galectin-1 has been associated with tumor progression in Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, whereas galectin-3 plays a supporting role in chronic myelogenous leukemia and multiple myeloma...

Galectin-1 (Gal1) is a member of a highly conserved family of carbohydrate-binding proteins. It modulates innate and adaptive immune responses and fosters tumor-immune escape. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) Reed-Sternberg cells overexpress and secrete Gal1, which selectively kills T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cells and cytotoxic T cells and promotes the immunosuppressive Th2/regulatory T-cell-predominant HL microenvironment. We developed a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and assessed serum Gal1 levels in 293 newly diagnosed, previously untreated patients with classical HL (cHL) enrolled in 3 risk-adapted clinical trials...

To study mechanisms underlying differential effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) on thymocyte differentiation, we examined effects of AhR ligands on the differentiation of DPK cells, a CD4(+)CD8(+) thymic lymphoma cell line which can differentiate into CD4(+)CD8(-) thymocytes. In contrast to TCDD, which inhibited the differentiation, B(a)P showed little effect. Antigen-mediated up-regulation of S100A4, S100A6, galectin-1, and TRAF5-like protein was remarkably suppressed by TCDD, but slightly by B(a)P...

Tumor-derived galectin-1 (Gal-1), a β-galactoside-binding S-type lectin, has been shown to encourage T-cell death and promote T cell-mediated tumor immune escape. In this report, we show that patients with leukemic cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, known to have limited complexity of their T-cell repertoires, have a predominant T helper type-2 (Th2) cytokine profile and significantly elevated plasma levels of Gal-1 compared with healthy controls. Circulating clonal malignant T cells were a major source of Gal-1...

Galectin-1 (Gal-1) has been shown to play a major role in tumor immune escape by inducing apoptosis of effector leukocytes and correlating with tumor aggressiveness and disease progression. Thus, targeting the Gal-1/Gal-1 ligand axis represents a promising cancer therapeutic approach. Here, to test the Gal-1-mediated tumor immune evasion hypothesis and demonstrate the importance of Gal-1-binding N-acetyllactosamines in controlling the fate and function of antitumor immune cells, we treated melanoma- or lymphoma-bearing mice with peracetylated 4-fluoro-glucosamine (4-F-GlcNAc), a metabolic inhibitor of N-acetyllactosamine biosynthesis, and analyzed tumor growth and immune profiles...

Endogenous β-galactose-binding lectins have many biological functions, but their biological significance in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) remains unclear. By immunohistochemistry, we analyzed the expression of galectin-1 and galectin-3 in HL and ALCL cases as well as in cell lines, and investigated the pharmacological effects of galectin-1 treatment with and without CD30 pre-stimulation of HL and ALCL cell lines. The galectin-3-negative human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK-293) was transfected with galectin-3 cDNA...

Although lymphomas account for almost half of blood-derived cancers that are diagnosed each year, the causes of new cases are poorly understood, as reflected by the relatively few risk factors established. Galectin-1, an immunoregulatory ß-galactoside-binding protein, has been widely associated with tumor-immune escape. The aim of the present work was to study the relationship between tumor growth rate, aggressiveness, and response to cyclophosphamide (Cy) therapy with regard to Gal-1 expression in murine T-cell lymphoma models...