Penicillium marneffi

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Fungal infections caused by rare fungi have increased in recent years. This may be due to the increase in the number of immunocompromised patients. Some rare fungi are geographically restricted, but with globalization and travel these infections are seen worldwide. The aim of this review is to address recent advances in the management of some uncommon fungal infections. RECENT FINDINGS: Dematiaceous fungi (Phaeohyphomycetes) have been reported in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals...

Most species of Penicillium are considered relatively benign with respect to causing human disease. However, one species, P. marneffei, has emerged as a significant pathogen particularly among individuals who live in Southeast Asia and are concurrently infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. While environmental and epidemiological studies have yet to resolve the reason for the heightened virulence of P. marneffi, one characteristic does distinguish this fungus from other Penicillium species. Whereas the latter grow as monomorphic moulds bearing typical asexual propagules (conidia), P...