keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37552236/a-reflection-on-salbutamol-overuse-in-one-gp-practice-in-islington-a-community-action-project-at-imperial-college-london
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adele Schiff, Rayan Kamal
As 3rd-year medical students at Imperial College London, we investigated Salbutamol overuse in the community of Islington. We were inspired to carry out this project due to the high prevalence of Salbutamol overuse which became evident during our GP placement. This was part of our Community Action Project (CAP) which aims for students to investigate issues within their GP practice and patient population and create solutions to help overcome this, like a quality improvement project. This project focused on the local community around the GP practice...
August 8, 2023: Education for Primary Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37549331/an-estimate-of-the-return-on-investment-of-a-malaria-vaccine-in-20-sub-saharan-african-countries-2021-30
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua Mak, Salin Sriudomporn, William J Moss, Bryan N Patenaude
Malaria is a leading global health problem that was responsible for an estimated 619,000 deaths worldwide in 2021. We modeled the return on investment (ROI) for the introduction and continuation of a four-dose malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, from 2021 to 2030 in twenty sub-Saharan African countries supported by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. We used the Decade of Vaccine Economics benefits and costing outputs to calculate an ROI using health impact data modeled by the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (hereafter "Swiss") and Imperial College London (hereafter "Imperial")...
August 2023: Health Affairs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37497395/modeling-vaccination-coverage-during-the-2022-central-ohio-measles-outbreak-a-cross-sectional-study
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rosemary A Martoma, Matthew Washam, Joshua C Martoma, Anne Cori, Maimuna S Majumder
BACKGROUND: Of the eight large (>50 cases) US postelimination outbreaks, the first and last occurred in Ohio. Ohio's vaccination registry is incomplete. Community-level immunity gaps threaten more than two decades of measles elimination in the US. We developed a statistical model, VaxEstim, to rapidly estimate the early-phase vaccination coverage and immunity gap in the exposed population during the 2022 Central Ohio outbreak. METHODS: We used reconstructed daily incidence (from publicly available data) and assumptions about the distribution of the serial interval, or the time between symptom onset in successive measles cases, to estimate the effective reproduction number (i...
July 2023: Lancet Reg Health Am
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37464985/a-prospective-case-series-assessing-the-imperial-college-london-intraoperative-radiotherapy-protocol-for-advanced-rectal-cancer-an-ideal-phase-2a-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jamie Murphy, Daniella Donato-Brown, Ouvefe Efeotor, Nicholas Gilfillan, Anne Moutadjer, Saidah Sahid, Dolan Basak, Kitrick Perry
AIM: Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) decreases local recurrence rates for advanced rectal cancer. Nevertheless, utilization of IORT is limited due to the associated logistical and financial challenges. The aim of this study is to describe the development and delivery of a novel IORT protocol for advanced rectal cancer that overcomes these difficulties in the context of the early phase of an IDEAL 2a study. The primary outcome measure was the ability to deliver IORT using this novel protocol with IORT-related toxicity as the secondary outcome measure...
July 18, 2023: Colorectal Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37399393/multimodeling-approach-to-evaluating-the-efficacy-of-layering-pharmaceutical-and-nonpharmaceutical-interventions-for-influenza-pandemics
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pragati V Prasad, Molly K Steele, Carrie Reed, Lauren Ancel Meyers, Zhanwei Du, Remy Pasco, Jorge A Alfaro-Murillo, Bryan Lewis, Srinivasan Venkatramanan, James Schlitt, Jiangzhuo Chen, Mark Orr, Mandy L Wilson, Stephen Eubank, Lijing Wang, Matteo Chinazzi, Ana Pastore Y Piontti, Jessica T Davis, M Elizabeth Halloran, Ira Longini, Alessandro Vespignani, Sen Pei, Marta Galanti, Sasikiran Kandula, Jeffrey Shaman, David J Haw, Nimalan Arinaminpathy, Matthew Biggerstaff
When an influenza pandemic emerges, temporary school closures and antiviral treatment may slow virus spread, reduce the overall disease burden, and provide time for vaccine development, distribution, and administration while keeping a larger portion of the general population infection free. The impact of such measures will depend on the transmissibility and severity of the virus and the timing and extent of their implementation. To provide robust assessments of layered pandemic intervention strategies, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded a network of academic groups to build a framework for the development and comparison of multiple pandemic influenza models...
July 11, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37180751/global-research-trends-on-the-link-between-the-microbiome-and-copd-a-bibliometric-analysis
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daohong Chen, Qian Zeng, Lu Liu, Ziyang Zhou, Wenchuan Qi, Shuguang Yu, Ling Zhao
BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been studied in relation to the microbiome, providing space for more targeted interventions and new treatments. Numerous papers on the COPD microbiome have been reported in the last 10 years, yet few publications have used bibliometric methods to evaluate this area. METHODS: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection for all original research articles in the field of COPD microbiome from January 2011 to August 2022 and used CiteSpace for visual analysis...
2023: International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37173756/the-state-of-current-research-on-covid-19-and-antibiotic-use-global-implications-for-antimicrobial-resistance
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sa'ed H Zyoud
BACKGROUND: During the initial stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the administration of antibiotics to patients was prevalent in numerous countries. Despite this, the rising threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a significant public health concern. The escalation of AMR has been exacerbated by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Against this backdrop, the primary aim of this study was to conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis of research pertaining to the use of antibiotics in COVID-19...
May 12, 2023: Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37152359/computerised-cognitive-assessment-in-patients-with-traumatic-brain-injury-an-observational-study-of-feasibility-and-sensitivity-relative-to-established-clinical-scales
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martina Del Giovane, William R Trender, Maria Bălăeţ, Emma-Jane Mallas, Amy E Jolly, Niall J Bourke, Karl Zimmermann, Neil S N Graham, Helen Lai, Ethan J F Losty, Garazi Araña Oiarbide, Peter J Hellyer, Irene Faiman, Sarah J C Daniels, Philippa Batey, Matthew Harrison, Valentina Giunchiglia, Magdalena A Kolanko, Michael C B David, Lucia M Li, Célia Demarchi, Daniel Friedland, David J Sharp, Adam Hampshire
BACKGROUND: Online technology could potentially revolutionise how patients are cognitively assessed and monitored. However, it remains unclear whether assessments conducted remotely can match established pen-and-paper neuropsychological tests in terms of sensitivity and specificity. METHODS: This observational study aimed to optimise an online cognitive assessment for use in traumatic brain injury (TBI) clinics. The tertiary referral clinic in which this tool has been clinically implemented typically sees patients a minimum of 6 months post-injury in the chronic phase...
May 2023: EClinicalMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37147167/a-novel-nomogram-to-identify-candidates-for-focal-therapy-among-patients-with-localized-prostate-cancer-diagnosed-via-magnetic-resonance-imaging-targeted-and-systematic-biopsies-a-european-multicenter-study
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Georges Mjaess, Alexandre Peltier, Jean-Baptiste Roche, Elena Lievore, Vito Lacetera, Giuseppe Chiacchio, Valerio Beatrici, Riccardo Mastroianni, Giuseppe Simone, Olivier Windisch, Daniel Benamran, Alexandre Fourcade, Truong An Nguyen, Georges Fournier, Gaelle Fiard, Guillaume Ploussard, Thierry Roumeguère, Simone Albisinni, Romain Diamand
BACKGROUND: Suitable selection criteria for focal therapy (FT) are crucial to achieve success in localized prostate cancer (PCa). OBJECTIVE: To develop a multivariable model that better delineates eligibility for FT and reduces undertreatment by predicting unfavorable disease at radical prostatectomy (RP). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Data were retrospectively collected from a prospective European multicenter cohort of 767 patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted and systematic biopsies followed by RP in eight referral centers between 2016 and 2021...
May 3, 2023: European Urology Focus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37143048/a-dosing-strategy-model-of-deep-deterministic-policy-gradient-algorithm-for-sepsis-patients
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianlai Lin, Xinjue Zhang, Jianbing Gong, Rundong Tan, Weiming Li, Lijun Wang, Yingxia Pan, Xiang Xu, Junhui Gao
BACKGROUND: A growing body of research suggests that the use of computerized decision support systems can better guide disease treatment and reduce the use of social and medical resources. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is increasingly being used in medical decision-making systems to obtain optimal dosing combinations and improve the survival rate of sepsis patients. To meet the real-world requirements of medical applications and make the training model more robust, we replaced the core algorithm applied in an AI-based medical decision support system developed by research teams at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and IMPERIAL College London (ICL) with the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm...
May 4, 2023: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37101695/knowledge-attainment-and-engagement-among-medical-students-a-comparison-of-three-forms-of-online-learning
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ashlyn A Stackhouse, Damir Rafi, Risheka Walls, Rebecca V Dodd, Kerry Badger, Daniel J Davies, Celia A Brown, Adrian Cowell, Karim Meeran, Omid Halse, James Kinross, Martin Lupton, Elizabeth A Hughes, Amir H Sam
OBJECTIVE: This study compared knowledge attainment and student enjoyment and engagement between clinical case vignette, patient-testimony videos and mixed reality (MR) teaching via the Microsoft HoloLens 2, all delivered remotely to third year medical students. The feasibility of conducting MR teaching on a large scale was also assessed. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Medical students in Year 3 at Imperial College London participated in three online teaching sessions, one in each format...
2023: Advances in Medical Education and Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37069855/changes-in-life-expectancy-and-house-prices-in-london-from-2002-to-2019-hyper-resolution-spatiotemporal-analysis-of-death-registration-and-real-estate-data
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James E Bennett, Theo Rashid, Alireza Zolfaghari, Yvonne Doyle, Esra Suel, Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard, Bethan Davies, Daniela Fecht, Emily S Muller, Ricky S Nathvani, Noemie Sportiche, Hima Iyathooray Daby, Eric Johnson, Guangquan Li, Seth Flaxman, Mireille B Toledano, Miqdad Asaria, Majid Ezzati
BACKGROUND: London has outperformed smaller towns and rural areas in terms of life expectancy increase. Our aim was to investigate life expectancy change at very-small-area level, and its relationship with house prices and their change. METHODS: We performed a hyper-resolution spatiotemporal analysis from 2002 to 2019 for 4835 London Lower-layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs). We used population and death counts in a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate age- and sex-specific death rates for each LSOA, converted to life expectancy at birth using life table methods...
April 2023: The Lancet regional health. Europe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37056436/tri-co-robots-for-the-future-an-interview-with-guang-zhong-yang
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
By Tiefeng Li
Future robots will effectively interact with the environments, tasks and other agents, either people or robots. Robots with coexisting designs can safely operate with human and environments. Cooperation enables robots to collaborate with other agents. Cognition enables the robots to perceive and predict the behaviour. The concept of Tri-Co (Coexisting-Cooperative-Cognitive) benefits future studies and applications of robots. Professor Guang-Zhong Yang (FREng, FIEEE, FIET, FAIMBE) is Dean of the Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU); he was also the co-founder and director of the Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, Imperial College London, as well as the founding editor of Science Robotics ...
May 2023: National Science Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37017859/global-research-status-and-trends-in-orthopaedic-surgical-robotics-a-bibliometric-and-visualisation-analysis-study
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinmeng Guo, Daofeng Wang, Jiantao Li, Hao Zhang
This study aimed to investigate and summarise the current state of research and trends in orthopaedic surgical robots. Data on publicly available publications related to orthopaedic surgical robots were extracted by abstract searches of the Web of Science Core Collection database. A bibliometric analysis and detailed reading of the publications were then carried out and the information was visualised using co-authorship analysis, coupling analysis, co-citation analysis and co-occurrence analysis in VOSviewer...
April 5, 2023: Journal of Robotic Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37013979/community-engaged-primary-care-medical-education
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Harding, Sheila Uppal, Samantha Meiring, Bethany Golding, Nina Dutta, Ravi Parekh
BACKGROUND: Community-engaged medical education (CEME) requires medical schools to partner with local communities to help address community priorities, whilst enhancing the learning experiences of students. Current literature on CEME has focused on evaluating its effects on students; however, there remains a gap in exploring whether CEME initiatives can have a sustainable impact for communities. APPROACH: The Community Action Project (CAP) at Imperial College London, is an eight-week, community-engaged, quality improvement project for Year 3 medical students...
April 4, 2023: Clinical Teacher
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36929986/implementing-behavioural-science-informed-letter-interventions-to-increase-covid-19-vaccination-uptake-in-uncontactable-london-residents-a-difference-in-difference-study-in-london-uk
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah W Huf, Lena Woldmann, Roberto Fernandez Crespo, Kate Grailey, Bahram Hassanpourfard, Matthew Chisambi, Kirstie Black, Joe Nguyen, Bob Klaber, Ara Darzi
BACKGROUND: The UK COVID-19 vaccination programme began in December, 2020. By February, 2021, eight North West London Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) had the lowest vaccination rates nationally. This study evaluated the impact of behavioural science-informed (BI) letters on vaccination uptake. METHODS: Unvaccinated residents of the Central London CCG who were deemed uncontactable (through text messaging and phone calls) were identified with the whole systems integrated care database...
November 2022: Lancet
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36915370/biophysical-characterization-of-the-structure-of-a-sars-cov-2-self-amplifying-rna-sarna-vaccine
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel P Myatt, Lewis Wharram, Charlotte Graham, John Liddell, Harvey Branton, Claire Pizzey, Nathan Cowieson, Robert Rambo, Robin J Shattock
The current SARS-Covid-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has led to an acceleration of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine technology. The development of production processes for these large mRNA molecules, especially self-amplifying mRNA (saRNA), has required concomitant development of analytical characterization techniques. Characterizing the purity, shape and structure of these biomolecules is key to their successful performance as drug products. This article describes the biophysical characterization of the Imperial College London Self-amplifying viral RNA vaccine (IMP-1) developed for SARS-CoV-2...
2023: Biology Methods and Protocols
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36897719/a-bibliometric-analysis-of-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-and-covid-19
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaolin Li, Huiqin Wang, Lixiang Jiang, Long Chen, Kai Zhao, Xiayahu Li
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak became the worst epidemic in decades. Since its inception, COVID-19 has had a dramatic impact on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This study explores explore the current status, hot spots, and research frontiers of COVID-19 and COPD based on a bibliometric approach. The Web of Science Core Collection was used to search the literature related to COPD and COVID-19, and VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were applied to analyze the distribution characteristics, research hotspots, and research frontiers of literature in related fields and to map the scientific knowledge domains...
March 10, 2023: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36893367/design-and-implementation-of-a-national-sars-cov-2-monitoring-program-in-england-react-1-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul Elliott, Matthew Whitaker, David Tang, Oliver Eales, Nicholas Steyn, Barbara Bodinier, Haowei Wang, Joshua Elliott, Christina Atchison, Deborah Ashby, Wendy Barclay, Graham Taylor, Ara Darzi, Graham S Cooke, Helen Ward, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Marc Chadeau-Hyam
Data System. The REal-time Assessment of Community Transmission-1 (REACT-1) Study was funded by the Department of Health and Social Care in England to provide reliable and timely estimates of prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection over time, by person and place. Data Collection/Processing. The study team (researchers from Imperial College London and its logistics partner Ipsos) wrote to named individuals aged 5 years and older in random cross-sections of the population of England, using the National Health Service list of patients registered with a general practitioner (near-universal coverage) as a sampling frame...
March 9, 2023: American Journal of Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36869191/inappropriate-use-of-statistical-power
#40
EDITORIAL
Raphael A Fraser
We are pleased to add this typescript, Inappropriate use of statistical power by Raphael Fraser to the BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION Statistics Series. The authour discusses how we sometimes misuse statistical analyses after a study is completed and analyzed to explain the results. The most egregious example is post hoc power calculations.When the conclusion of an observational study or clinical trial is negative, namely, the data observed (or more extreme data) fail to reject the null hypothesis, people often argue for calculating the observed statistical power...
March 3, 2023: Bone Marrow Transplantation
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