miRNA T cell

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is respiratory failure that commonly occurs in critically ill patients, and the molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis and severity are poorly understood. We evaluated mRNA and miRNA in patients with ARDS and elucidated the pathogenesis of ARDS after performing mRNA and miRNA integration analysis. METHODS: In this single-center, prospective, observational clinical study of patients with ARDS, peripheral blood of each patient was collected within 24 hours of admission...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Liujunzi formula has been used to treat liver cancer in China for many years, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. We previously found that decreased expression of miR-122-3p was associated with liver cancer. In this study, we aimed to explore the target of miR-122-3p and the effect of the Liujunzi formula on miR-122-3p and its downstream events in liver cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bioinformatics pinpointed potential targets of miR-122-3p...

Introduction: The role of Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) in skin wound healing remains to be fully characterized. This study aims to evaluate the regenerative potential of autologous AD-MSCs in a non-healing porcine wound model, in addition to elucidate key miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulations that underlie the regenerative potential of AD-MSCs in wounds. Methods: The regenerative potential of autologous AD-MSCs was evaluated in porcine model using histopathology and spatial frequency domain imaging...

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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are an integral part of the tumor microenvironment (TME). MDSC's involvement in the TME starts as soon as the primary tumor starts to get its blood supply causing an immunosuppressive environment and tumor cell invasion, and then at the formation of premetastatic niche through full-blown metastasis in distal organs. All of these functions don't require physical interaction of MDSC as some of the MDSC's functions can be replicated by secreted exosomes (MDSC-derived exosomes), which can alter the microenvironment through cellular interaction by fusion with the plasma membrane and subsequent release of their cargo, consisting of proteins, soluble factors, lipids, DNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and RNAs...

Cancer immunotherapy has seen significant success in the last decade for cancer management by enhancing endogenous cancer immunity. However, immunotherapies developed thus far have seen limited success in the majority of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) ovarian cancer patients. This is largely due to the highly immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment of HGSC and late-stage identification. Thus, novel treatment interventions are needed to overcome this immunosuppression and complement existing immunotherapies...

Corneal injury occurs frequently which may lead to serious visual impairment. Rapid and efficient re-epithelialization after corneal epithelial injury is the key issue for maintaining corneal homeostasis. Among various treatment strategies, microRNA (miR)-based therapy shows great potential. However, structural limitations of miRNAs hinder its biomedical functionality. Nucleic acid nanotechnology is an appealing candidate for gene delivery because of its flexible modification and excellent biocompatibility...

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) that play an important role in the life cycle of human viruses. We sought to characterize human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)-encoded miRNAs and determine their role in viral replication. Initially, a bioinformatic analysis was used to predict HIV-1-encoded miRNAs. Next, a representative number of these predicted sequences were verified using a miRNA microarray chip, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and the deep sequencing of RNA extracted from HIV-1-infected cells...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies worldwide, while it persists as the fourth most prevalent cause of cancer-related death in the United States of America. Although there are several novel therapeutic strategies for the approach of this intensely aggressive tumor, it remains a clinical challenge, as it is hard to identify in early stages, due to its asymptomatic course. A diagnosis is usually established when the disease is already in its late stages, while its chemoresistance constitutes an obstacle to the optimal management of this malignancy...

The epidermis hosts populations of epithelial stem cells endowed with well-documented renewal and regenerative functions. This tissue thus constitutes a model for exploring the molecular characteristics of stem cells, which remain to date partially characterized at the molecular level in human skin. Our group has investigated the regulatory functions of the KLF4/TGFB1 and the MAD4/MAX/MYC signaling pathways in the control of the immaturity-stemness versus differentiation fate of keratinocyte stem and precursor cells from human interfollicular epidermis...

BACKGROUND: The family of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) acts as a controller of the duration and intensity of cytokine function by negatively regulating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. SOCS' role in inflammatory diseases in animal models is well demonstrated. However, its role in the development of human disease is still under investigation. SOCS3 plays an important role in tumor development where its downregulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various solid tumors such as triple-negative breast cancer...

BACKGROUND: Diabetic keratopathy (DK) poses a significant challenge in diabetes mellitus, yet its molecular pathways and effective treatments remain elusive. The aim of our research was to explore the pyroptosis-related genes in the corneal epithelium of the streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: After sixteen weeks of streptozocin intraperitoneal injection, corneal epithelium from three diabetic rats and three normal groups underwent whole-transcriptome sequencing...

Micro RNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the regulation of maturation, proliferation, differentiation, and activation of immune cells. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-29a antagonizes IFN-γ production at early times post-LSDV infection in cattle. miR-29a was predicted to target upstream IFN-γ regulators, and its inhibition resulted in enhanced IFN-γ production in sensitized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Further, stimulation of PBMCs with LSDV antigen exhibited lower levels of miR-29a, concomitant with a potent cell-mediated immune response (CMI), characterized by an increase in LSDV-specific CD8+ T cell counts and enhanced levels of IFN-γ, which eventually facilitated virus clearance...

The current WHO classification of testicular germ cell tumors is based on the pathogenesis of the tumors driven by different genomic events. The germ cell neoplasia in situ is the precursor lesion for all malignant germ cell tumors. The current understanding of pathogenesis is that the developmental and environmental factors with the erasure of parental genomic imprinting lead to the development of abnormal gonocytes that settle in the "spermatogonial Niche" in seminiferous tubules. The abnormal primordial germ cells in the seminiferous tubules give rise to pre-GCNIS cells under the influence of TPSY and OCT4 genes...

BACKGROUND: Solid tumors promote tumor malignancy through interaction with the tumor microenvironment, resulting in difficulties in tumor treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the communication between cells in the tumor and the surrounding microenvironment. Our previous study revealed the cancer malignancy mechanism of Bcl-w overexpressed in solid tumors, but no study was conducted on its relationship with immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we sought to discover key factors in exosomes secreted from tumors overexpressing Bcl-w and analyze the interaction with the surrounding tumor microenvironment to identify the causes of tumor malignancy...

BACKGROUND: Throughout the three trimesters of a typical pregnancy, we looked at changes in the expression of miRNAs and exhausted T lymphocytes for this study. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty healthy subjects were included in this study. The frequency of exhausted T lymphocytes was measured in isolated PBMCs using flow cytometry. PD-1, TIM-3, and related miRNAs gene expression were assessed using qRT-PCR. The analyses revealed a significant decline in PD-1 and Tim-3 expression in PBMCs from RPL women (p = 0...

Low back pain is among the most grave public health concerns worldwide and the major clinical manifestation of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). The destruction of annulus fibrosus (AF) is the primary cause of IVDD. A sustainable and stable treatment system for IVDD is lacking because of the special organizational structure and low nutrient supply of AF. We here found that IVDD results in the impaired mitochondrial function of AF tissue, and mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) plays a protective role in this process...

Cardiac fibrosis, associated with right heart dysfunction, results in significant morbidity and mortality. Stimulated by various cellular and humoral stimuli, cardiac fibroblasts, macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, mast and endothelial cells promote fibrogenesis directly and indirectly by synthesizing numerous profibrotic factors. Several systems, including the transforming growth factor-beta and the renin-angiotensin system, produce type I and III collagen, fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin, thus modifying the extracellular matrix...

MicroRNAs (mRNAs) were believed to play an important role in cancers, and this study aimed to explore the mechanism of miRNA regulating Treg in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Firstly, the differentially expressed miRNAs and target genes significantly associated with Tregs were screened out by high-throughput sequencing, and their enrichment pathways were analyzed. The binding relationship between miRNA and target genes was further verified, and the effects of miRNA on the proliferation and apoptosis of B-ALL Nalm-6 cells and Treg activation were analyzed...

The remarkable diversity of lymphocytes, essential components of the immune system, serves as an ingenious mechanism for maximizing the efficient utilization of limited host defense resources. While cell adhesion molecules, notably in gut-tropic T cells, play a central role in this mechanism, the counterbalancing molecular details have remained elusive. Conversely, we've uncovered the molecular pathways enabling extracellular vesicles secreted by lymphocytes to reach the gut's mucosal tissues, facilitating immunological regulation...