Hypoxia weight loss

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induces respiratory dysfunction as well as kidney injury. Although the kidney is considered a target organ of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and affected by COVID-19-induced cytokine storm, the mechanisms of renal reaction in SARS-CoV-2 infection are unknown. In this study, a murine COVID-19 model was induced by nasal infection with mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 (MA10). MA10 infection induced body weight loss along with lung inflammation in mice four days after infection...

This case describes a woman in her 20s with a 6-month history of progressive exertional dyspnoea and cough. Examination revealed hypoxia on room air, sinus tachycardia, finger clubbing and bibasal inspiratory crackles. Inflammatory markers were mildly elevated and empirical antimicrobial therapy was commenced. A multidisciplinary discussion consensus diagnosis of acute interstitial pneumonitis was made based on the findings of high-resolution CT of the chest, macrophage predominant bronchoalveolar lavage cell differential and surgical lung biopsy...

Central pattern of fat distribution, especially fat accumulation within the intraabdominal cavity increases risks for cardiometabolic diseases. Portal hypothesis combined with a pathological remodeling in visceral fat is considered the major etiological factor explaining the independent contribution of visceral obesity to cardiometabolic diseases. Excessive remodeling in visceral fat during development of obesity leads to dysfunctions in the depot, characterized by hypertrophy and death of adipocytes, hypoxia, inflammation, and fibrosis...

UNLABELLED: Elevated bilirubin levels in neonates are commonly seen both physiologically and in pathological conditions. There are few articles describing the effects of elevated bilirubin levels on the auditory system. The objectives of this paper was to study the prevalence of hearing impairment in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia and assess outcome/reversibility of hearing impairment in these neonates with follow-up hearing evaluation. This was a prospective single centre, case control study...

PURPOSE: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) has been identified as a mediator in various inflammatory diseases. Bacterial infection of the intestine and hypoxia can both lead to inflammatory responses, but the role of MPO in these phenomena remains unclear. METHODS: By building the MPO-/- mice, we evaluated relevant inflammatory factors and tissue damage in mice with intestinal Citrobacter rodentium infection and hypoxia. The body weight and excreted microorganisms were monitored...

Exposure to high altitude might cause the body to adapt with negative energy and fluid balance that compromise body composition and physical performance. In this field study involving 12 healthy adults, sex-balanced, aged 29±4 years with a body mass index 21.6±1.8 kg/m2, we investigated the effects fo a 4-day trekking up to 4556 m a.s.l. on Monte Rosa (Alps, Italy). The food intake was recorded using food diaries and nutrients averages were calculated. The bio-impedance analysis was performed at low and high altitude, and a wearable biosensor (Swemax) was used to track hydro-saline losses in 2 participants...

Deoxygenation-based dynamic susceptibility contrast (dDSC) MRI uses respiratory challenges as a source of endogenous contrast as an alternative to gadolinium injection. These gas challenges induce T2*-weighted MRI signal losses, after which tracer kinetics modeling was applied to calculate cerebral perfusion. This work compares three gas challenges, desaturation (transient hypoxia), resaturation (transient normoxia), and SineO2 (sinusoidal modulation of end-tidal oxygen pressures) in a cohort of 10 healthy volunteers (age 37 ± 11 years; 60% female)...

BACKGROUND: Studying effective interventions for hypoxia-induced injury is crucial, particularly in high-altitude areas. Symptoms stemming from intestinal injuries have a significant impact on the health of individuals transitioning from plains to plateau regions. This research explores the effects and mechanisms of nitrate supplementation in preventing hypoxia-induced intestinal injury. METHODS: A hypoxia survival mouse model was established using 7 % O2 conditions...

BACKGROUND: Gastro-intestinal (GI) tract inflammation is as a result of inflammatory hypoxia which is also induced by long-standing group of disorders like inflammatory-bowel disease (IBD). Regulation of GI immune homeostasis by macrophage involves hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). As inhibitor of HIF prolyl hydroxylase, roxadustat (ROX) increases the levels of HIF. METHODS: We induced experimental colitis (EC) model in mice via dextran-sulfate sodium (DSS) to evaluate ROX role in above-mentioned disease...

We examined literature on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) subsequent to its genome release, spanning years 1999-2020. We employed scientometric mapping, entity mining, visualization techniques, and PubMed and PubTator databases. Most popular keywords, most active research groups, and growth in quantity of publications were determined. By gathering annotations from the PubTator, we determined direction of research in the areas of drug hypersensitivity, drug resistance (AMR), and drug-related side effects. Additionally, we examined the patterns in research on Mtb metabolism and various forms of tuberculosis, including skin, brain, pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and latent tuberculosis...

This study aims to explore the role of FoxO1 and its acetylation in the alleviation of hypoxia-induced muscle atrophy by resistance training. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: normoxic control group (C), normoxic resistance training group (R), hypoxic control group (H) and hypoxic resistance training group (HR). Rats in R and HR groups were trained on an incremental weight-bearing ladder every other day, while those in H and HR groups were kept in an environment containing 12...

Guo, Hai, Linjie Cheng, Dilihumaier Duolikun, and Qiaoling Yao. Aerobic exercise training under normobaric hypoxic conditions to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in overweight and obese individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. High Alt Med Biol. 24:312-320, 2023. Background: Obesity is a critical public health issue around the world, reaching epidemic proportions in some countries. However, only a few studies have examined the effects of hypoxic training on metabolic parameters in an obese population...

Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is an abnormal connection between the trachea and esophagus. This report presents a rare case of a pediatric patient who developed a TEF due to battery ingestion, which was diagnosed during intubation and resulted in cardiac arrest. A 4-year-old child with a two-year history of battery ingestion presented with severe dehydration, weight loss, and recurrent respiratory tract infections. Chest X-ray revealed a radiopaque foreign body in the esophagus. During general anesthesia for central venous line insertion and after endotracheal intubation, some difficulties in ventilation occurred, characterized by the inability to reach tidal volume, absence of capnography, and stomach distention which led to hypoxia and ultimately to cardiac arrest...

RATIONALE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with metabolic dysfunction, including progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) as a model of OSA worsens hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in rodents with diet induced obesity. However, IH also causes weight loss, thus complicating attempts to co-model OSA and NAFLD. We sought to determine the effect of various durations of IH exposure on metabolic and liver-related outcomes in a murine NAFLD model...

6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) is a potent glutamine antagonist with toxic side effects; in order to reduce these effects, multiple prodrugs have been designed. However, there are currently no reports of a DON prodrug with a defined mechanism to achieve high tumor selectivity. To improve the selective toxicity of DON to tumor cells while reducing systemic toxicity, a hypoxia-activated prodrug, termed HDON, was designed. HDON achieved remarkable tumor suppression of 76.4 ± 5.2% without leading to weight loss in an H22 murine liver cancer model with high hypoxia...

(1) Background: Neonatal brain injury can lead to permanent neurodevelopmental impairments. Notably, suppressing inflammatory pathways may reduce damage. To determine the role of neuroinflammation in the progression of neonatal brain injury, we investigated the effect of treating neonatal rat pups with the immunosuppressant tacrolimus at two time points: before and after hypoxic-ischaemic (HI)-induced injury. (2) Methods: To induce HI injury, postnatal day (PND) 10 rat pups underwent single carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxia (8% oxygen, 90 min)...

BACKGROUND: In regenerative medicine, especially skin tissue engineering, the focus is on enhancing the quality of wound healing. Also, several constructs with different regeneration potentials have been used for skin tissue engineering. In this study, the regenerative properties of chitosan-alginate composite hydrogels in skin wound healing under normoxic and hypoxic conditions were investigated in vitro. METHODS: The ionic gelation method was used to prepare chitosan/alginate (CA) hydrogel containing CA microparticles and bioactive agents [ascorbic acid (AA) and α-tocopherol (TP)]...

Neutrophils are abundant immune cells in the colon tumor microenvironment. Studies have shown that neutrophils are recruited into hypoxic foci in colon cancer. However, the impact of hypoxia signaling on neutrophil function and its involvement in colon tumorigenesis remain unclear. To address this, we generated mice with a deletion of hypoxia (HIF)-1α or HIF-2α in neutrophils driven by the MRP8Cre (HIF-1αΔNeu ) or (HIF-2αΔNeu ) and littermate controls. In an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of colon cancer, the disruption of neutrophils-HIF-1α did not result in any significant changes in body weight, colon length, tumor size, proliferation, or burden...

The only current treatment for neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is therapeutic hypothermia (TH), which still shows some limitations. Specific effects of TH in the several processes involved in brain injury progression remain unclear. In this study, the effects of TH treatment on developmental parameters, behavioral outcomes, and peripheral leukocytes were evaluated in neonatal male and female rats. In P7, animals were submitted to right common carotid artery occlusion followed by hypoxia (8% oxygen). TH was performed by reducing the animal scalp temperature to 32°C for 5 h...

Background and objectives Ehrlich solid carcinoma (ESC) is a type of tumor originating from a spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma in mice. It is highly aggressive and fast-growing and can create a solid undifferentiated mass when inserted under the skin. This makes it an ideal model for assessing cancer biology and tumor immunology. Echinacoside is a natural phenylethanoid glycoside with anti-inflammatory, anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress, anti-oxidative stress, and other beneficial properties. This study explored the potential anti-cancer benefits of echinacoside in rats with ESC...