AmpK AND lactic acid

Electrospun membranes have been widely used in tissue engineering. Regretfully, there is limited research on how its morphological characteristics precisely regulate macrophage activation and immune response. Therefore, we prepared electrospun poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) membranes with different alignments (align and random) and diameters (nanoscale and microscale) to investigate the effects of different surface morphologies on M2 macrophage polarization. Additionally, we combined transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome sequencing to examine the underlying regulatory mechanisms...

Limosilactobacillus reuteri ( L. reuteri ) is an efficacious probiotic that could reduce inflammation and prevent metabolic disorders. Here, we innovatively found that Polygonatum kingianum polysaccharides (PKP) promoted proliferation and increased stability of L. reuteri WX-94 (a probiotic strain showing anti-inflammation potentials) in simulated digestive fluids in vitro . PKP was composed of galactose, glucose, mannose, and arabinose. The cell-free supernatant extracted from L. reuteri cultured with PKP increased ABTS•+, DPPH•, and FRAP scavenging capacities compared with the supernatant of the medium without PKP and increased metabolites with health-promoting activities, e...

Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare disorder caused by mutations in the TAFAZZIN gene. Previous studies from both patients and model systems have established metabolic dysregulation as a core component of BTHS pathology. In particular, features such as lactic acidosis, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) deficiency, and aberrant fatty acid and glucose oxidation have been identified. However, the lack of a mechanistic understanding of what causes these conditions in the context of BTHS remains a significant knowledge gap, and this has hindered the development of effective therapeutic strategies for treating the associated metabolic problems...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise on muscle fiber conversion, muscle development and meat quality in the biceps femoris (BF) muscle of Sunit sheep. Twelve Sunit sheep with similar body weight were divided into two groups: control group (C group) and exercise group (E group), E group lambs underwent 6 km of exercise training per day for 90 d. The findings revealed that compared with the C group, exercise training enhanced the expression of MyHC IIa mRNA, decreased the number ratio of type IIB muscle fibers and the expression of MyHC IIb mRNA (P < 0...

Objective: Previous studies have shown that oyster peptides (OPs) have antioxidant and anti-fatigue activities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of OPs on swimming endurance in mice and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The mice were subjected to gavage with OPs and subjected to exercise training. After 14 days, various biochemical indicators in the blood and gastrocnemius muscle of mice were assessed, and real-time PCR was utilized to detect the level of signal pathway regulation by OPs in the gastrocnemius muscle...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Vine Tea (VT, Ampelopsis grossedentata), boasts a venerable tradition in China, with a recorded consumption history exceeding 1200 years. Predominantly utilized by ethnic groups in southwest China, this herbal tea is celebrated for its multifaceted therapeutic attributes. Traditionally, VT has been employed to alleviate heat and remove toxins, exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, soothe sore throats, lower blood pressure, and fortify bones and muscles...

Fermented foods have protective effects on body health. In our previously study, we found Lactiplantibacillus plantarum fermentation enhanced antioxidant activity of kiwifruit in vitro digestion. Then, in this work we explored the protective effect of fermented kiwi on intestinal injury induced by acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stress. Compared to non-fermented kiwi pulp (KP), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum fermented kiwi pulp (FKP-LP) contained more peptides, hormones and vitamins contents, lesser nucleic acid and carbohydrate contents...

PURPOSE: Osthole possesses anti-tumor activities. However, whether osthole can have a radiosensitization effect on hepatic cancer remains unclear. Here, an HCC-LM3 cells-inoculated subcutaneous transplanted tumor was adopted to explore the effect of osthole. METHODS: The tumor-bearing mice were treated with 100 mg/kg osthole for 12 days, 4 Gy irradiation twice, or their combination. The tumor volume and weight, lactic acid content, glycolytic enzyme activities, and protein expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), p‑GSK-3β, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p‑mTOR, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p‑AMPK, glucose transporter 1/3, and pyruvate kinase M2 were determined...

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are beneficial microorganisms widely utilized in food fermentation processes and as probiotic supplements. They offer multifarious health benefits, including enhancing digestion, strengthening immune mechanisms, and mitigating inflammation. Recent studies suggest that LAB might be instrumental in the anti-aging domain, modulating key molecular pathways involved in the aging continuum, such as IL-13, TNF-α, mTOR, IFN-γ, TGF-β, AMPK, and GABA. The TLR family, particularly TLR2, appears pivotal during the primary cellular interactions with bacteria and their byproducts...

In our previous study, the antioxidant peptides (XHY69AP, AP-D, YPLP, and AGPL) were obtained from potential probiotic yeast ( Yamadazyma triangularis XHY69), which was selected by our lab from dry-cured ham. This work aimed to explore the effects of yeast-derived peptides on skeletal muscle function and muscle fatigue. Results showed that yeast-derived peptides up-regulated slow-twitch fiber expression and down-regulated fast-twitch fiber expression in C2C12 cells ( p < 0.05). The peptides improved mitochondrial membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate generation, and expression of cytochrome-relative genes, thus promoting mitochondrial function...

BACKGROUND: The poultry industry needs effective antibiotic alternatives to control outbreaks of necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens. METHODS: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) on the immune function and gut microbiota of broilers with NE. A total of 288 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two concentrations of dietary MCE supplementation (0 or 350 mg/kg of diet) and two disease challenge statuses (control or NE)...

AMP-activated protein kinase α subunit (AMPKα), the central regulatory molecule of energy metabolism, plays an important role in maintaining energy homeostasis and helping cells to resist the influence of various adverse factors. In the present study, an AMPKα was identified from Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis (PyAMPKα). The open reading frame (ORF) of PyAMPKα was of 1599 bp encoding a putative polypeptide of 533 amino acid residues with a typical KD domain, a α-AID domain and a α-CTD domain...

The major characteristics of obesity are abnormal lipid metabolism, chronic inflammation, and imbalanced gut microbiota. It has been reported that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) possess potential for alleviating obesity, considering which the strain-specific functions and diverse mechanisms and the roles and mechanisms of various LAB are worthy of investigation. This study aimed to validate and investigate the alleviating effects and underlying mechanisms of three LAB strains, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NCUH001046 (LP), Limosilactobacillus reuteri NCUH064003, and Limosilactobacillus fermentum NCUH003068 (LF), in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice...

Since aerobic glycolysis was first observed in tumors almost a century ago by Otto Warburg, the field of cancer cell metabolism has sparked the interest of scientists around the world as it might offer new avenues of treatment for malignant cells. Our current study claims the discovery of gnetin H (GH) as a novel glycolysis inhibitor that can decrease metabolic activity and lactic acid synthesis and displays a strong cytostatic effect in melanoma and glioblastoma cells. Compared to most of the other glycolysis inhibitors used in combination with the complex-1 mitochondrial inhibitor phenformin (Phen), GH more potently inhibited cell growth...

Curcumin is a chemical constituent extracted from Curcuma longa L . Several clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that it can mitigate exercise fatigue, but the exact mechanism is still unknown. Therefore, we applied a mouse model of exercise fatigue to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms of curcumin's anti-fatigue effect. Depending on body mass, Kunming mice were randomly divided into control, caffeine (positive drug), and curcumin groups, and were given 28 days intragastric administration...

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are commonly used probiotics that improve human health in various aspects. We previously reported that yogurt starter strains, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus 2038 and Streptococcus thermophilus 1131, potentially enhance the intestinal epithelial barrier function by inducing the expression of antimicrobial peptides in the small intestine. However, their effects on physical barrier functions remain unknown. In this study, we found that both strains ameliorated the decreased trans-epithelial resistance and the increased permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ in Caco-2 cells...

SCOPE: Tryptophan (Trp) metabolites are closely related to neurological diseases, whereas, the underlying mechanism related to the alleviative effects of Trp metabolites on neurodegeneration in aging remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects and mechanisms of Trp metabolites on neurodegeneration in aging process. METHODS AND RESULTS: The neuroprotective properties of Trp metabolites are evaluated in vitro and in vivo experimental model...

The current study investigated the effect of preslaughter transport on stress response and meat quality of broilers and explored the underlying mechanisms involved in the regulation of muscle glycolysis through calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. Results suggested that transport induced stress responses of broilers and caused PSE-like syndrome of pectoralis major muscle. Preslaughter transport enhanced the mRNA expressions of glycogen phosphorylase and glucose transporters , as well as the activities of glycolytic enzymes, which accelerated the breakdown of glycolytic substrates and the accumulation of lactic acid...

Two polysaccharides, BCP-1 and BCP-2, were obtained from Bupleurum chinense DC. by water extraction and ultrafiltration. BCP-1 (1.04 × 105  Da) and BCP-2 (2.14 × 104  Da) were composed of Mannose, Rhamnose, Glucose, Galactose, Arabinose, and Galacturonic acid in different proportions. They both contained oligogalacturonides in their main chain. Besides, the backbone of BCP-1 was composed of 4-β-Galp and 4,6-β-Glcp, and branched at C4 of 4,6-β-Glcp. While BCP-2 contained a backbone of 3,5-α-Araf residues with branches at C3...

BACKGROUND: Ferroptosis and autophagy have an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer, and lactate in cells and microenvironment is one of the influencing factors of ferroptosis and autophagy. The lactate/proton monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4), which is expressed in the cell membrane, regulates the transport of intracellular lactic acid and lactate. The knockout of MCT4 can affect intracellular and extracellular lactic acid levels, thereby affecting the growth, proliferation, and metastasis of tumor cells via regulation of the oxidative stress in cells...