keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536863/reinfection-of-farm-dogs-following-praziquantel-treatment-in-an-endemic-region-of-cystic-echinococcosis-in-southeastern-iran
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehdi Borhani, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi, Mahbod Entezami, Mohammad Reza Baneshi, Saeid Nasibi, Joaquin M Prada, Majid Fasihi Harandi
Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) as a prevalent tapeworm infection of human and herbivorous animals worldwide, is caused by accidental ingestion of Echinococcus granulosus eggs excreted from infected dogs. CE is endemic in the Middle East and North Africa, and is considered as an important parasitic zoonosis in Iran. It is transmitted between dogs as the primary definitive host and different livestock species as the intermediate hosts. One of the most important measures for CE control is dog deworming with praziquantel...
March 27, 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536831/can-cyclone-exposure-explain-behavioural-and-demographic-variation-among-lemur-species
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alison M Behie, Travis S Steffens, Keaghan Yaxley, Alan Vincent, Patricia C Wright, Steig E Johnson, Mary S M Pavelka
Madagascar has a harsh and stochastic climate because of regular natural disturbances. This history of regular cyclones has been hypothesised to have directed evolutionary changes to lemur behaviour and morphology that make them more resilient to sudden environmental change. These adaptations may include: small group sizes, high degrees of energy-conserving behaviours, generalist habitat use, small home ranges, small body size, and a limited number of frugivorous species. To date, however, no one has tested how variation in cyclone exposure across Madagascar is associated with variation in these resilience traits...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536475/-drosophila-fog-cta-and-t48-pathways-have-overlapping-and-distinct-contributions-to-mesoderm-invagination
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Uzuki Horo, D Nathaniel Clarke, Adam C Martin
The regulation of the cytoskeleton by multiple signaling pathways, sometimes in parallel, is a common principle of morphogenesis. A classic example of regulation by parallel pathways is Drosophila gastrulation, where the inputs from the Folded gastrulation (Fog)/Concertina (Cta) and the T48 pathways induce apical constriction and mesoderm invagination. Whether there are distinct roles for these separate pathways in regulating the complex spatial and temporal patterns of cytoskeletal activity that accompany early embryo development is still poorly understood...
March 27, 2024: Molecular Biology of the Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535912/pollution-characteristics-and-health-risks-of-polycyclic-aromatic-compounds-pacs-in-soils-of-a-coking-plant
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yousong Zhou, Yuancheng Li, Donglei Fu, Yongqiang Zhang, Kai Xiao, Ke Jiang, Jinmu Luo, Guofeng Shen, Wenxin Liu, Shu Tao
Coke production is an important source of environmental polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), including parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives. The focus near coking plants has primarily been on parent-PAH contamination, with less attention given to highly toxic derivatives. In this study, soil samples were collected from both within and outside of a coking plant. The concentrations of parent-PAHs and their derivatives, including methylated-PAHs, oxygenated-PAHs, and nitrated-PAHs, were examined...
February 27, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535904/occurrence-source-apportionment-and-ecological-risk-of-typical-pharmaceuticals-in-surface-waters-of-beijing-china
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yonghao Huangfu, Qingshan Li, Weiwei Yang, Qingwei Bu, Lei Yang, Jianfeng Tang, Jie Gan
Various studies have shown that the heavy use of pharmaceuticals poses serious ecological risks, especially in metropolitan areas with intensive human activities. In this study, the spatial distribution, sources, and ecological risks of 29 pharmaceuticals in 82 surface waters collected from the North Canal Basin in Beijing were studied. The results showed that the pharmaceutical concentrations ranged from not detected to 193 ng/L, with ampicillin being undetected while ofloxacin had a 100% detection frequency, which indicates the widespread occurrence of pharmaceutical pollution in the North Canal Basin...
February 23, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535889/a-contribution-towards-sustainable-development-in-the-amazon-based-on-a-socioeconomic-and-environmental-analysis-of-visceral-leishmaniasis-in-the-state-of-par%C3%A3-brazil
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia do Socorro Carvalho Miranda, Bruna Costa de Souza, Eric Renato Lima Figueiredo, João Simão de Melo Neto, Hilton Pereira da Silva, Marcos Valerio Santos da Silva, Sérgio Luiz Althoff, Tainara Carvalho Garcia Miranda Filgueiras, Debora do Socorro Carvalho Miranda, Nelson Veiga Gonçalves
Human Visceral Leishmaniasis is an endemic public health problem in the Amazon. This article analyzed the spatial distribution of this disease and its relationship with socioeconomic, environmental and public health policy variables in four mesoregions of the state of Pará, from 2011 to 2022. This ecological study used secondary data obtained from official Brazilian agencies. Spatial analysis was performed using the Flow, Kernel and Global Moran bivariate techniques expressed in thematic maps. In the mesoregions studied, 2685 cases of the disease were confirmed, with the highest number of cases in Southeast Pará state...
March 21, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535355/critical-facets-of-european-corn-borer-adult-movement-ecology-relevant-to-mitigating-field-resistance-to-bt-corn
#7
REVIEW
Thomas W Sappington
The European corn borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis , Hübner) has been managed successfully in North America since 1996 with transgenic Bt-corn. However, field-evolved resistance to all four available insecticidal Bt proteins has been detected in four provinces of Canada since 2018. Evidence suggests resistance may be spreading and evolving independently in scattered hotspots. Evolution and spread of resistance are functions of gene flow, and therefore dispersal, so design of effective resistance management and mitigation plans must take insect movement into account...
February 27, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535320/evaluation-of-oil-absorbing-film-for-imprint-desorption-electrospray-ionization-mass-spectrometry-imaging-idesi-msi-on-biological-samples
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiedong Li, Ruolun Wei, Yifan Meng, Richard N Zare
Imprint Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (IDESI-MSI) has proven to be a robust and reliable tool for chemically imaging biological samples such as fungi, animal tissues, and plants, but the choice of the imprint substrate is crucial. It must effectively transfer maximum amounts of species from the sample while preserving the original spatial distribution of detected molecules. In this study, we explored the potential of utilizing an oil-absorbing film, known for its soft nature and excellent lipophilicity, as an imprint substrate for IDESI-MSI on biological samples...
March 11, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535134/development-of-a-powder-analysis-procedure-based-on-imaging-techniques-for-examining-aggregation-and-segregation-phenomena
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giuseppe Bonifazi, Paolo Barontini, Riccardo Gasbarrone, Davide Gattabria, Silvia Serranti
In this manuscript, a method that utilizes classical image techniques to assess particle aggregation and segregation, with the primary goal of validating particle size distribution determined by conventional methods, is presented. This approach can represent a supplementary tool in quality control systems for powder production processes in industries such as manufacturing and pharmaceuticals. The methodology involves the acquisition of high-resolution images, followed by their fractal and textural analysis...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534917/lung-cancer-prevalence-in-virginia-a-spatial-zipcode-level-analysis-via-inla
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Indranil Sahoo, Jinlei Zhao, Xiaoyan Deng, Myles Gordon Cockburn, Kathy Tossas, Robert Winn, Dipankar Bandyopadhyay
BACKGROUND: Examining lung cancer (LC) cases in Virginia (VA) is essential due to its significant public health implications. By studying demographic, environmental, and socioeconomic variables, this paper aims to provide insights into the underlying drivers of LC prevalence in the state adjusted for spatial associations at the zipcode level. METHODS: We model the available VA zipcode-level LC counts via (spatial) Poisson and negative binomial regression models, taking into account missing covariate data, zipcode-level spatial association and allow for overdispersion...
February 20, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534860/a-two-layer-self-organizing-map-with-vector-symbolic-architecture-for-spatiotemporal-sequence-learning-and-prediction
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thimal Kempitiya, Damminda Alahakoon, Evgeny Osipov, Sachin Kahawala, Daswin De Silva
We propose a new nature- and neuro-science-inspired algorithm for spatiotemporal learning and prediction based on sequential recall and vector symbolic architecture. A key novelty is the learning of spatial and temporal patterns as decoupled concepts where the temporal pattern sequences are constructed using the learned spatial patterns as an alphabet of elements. The decoupling, motivated by cognitive neuroscience research, provides the flexibility for fast and adaptive learning with dynamic changes to data and concept drift and as such is better suited for real-time learning and prediction...
March 13, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534795/opposite-and-differently-altered-postmortem-changes-in-h3-and-h3k9me3-patterns-in-the-rat-frontal-cortex-and-hippocampus
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karolina Dulka, Noémi Lajkó, Kálmán Nacsa, Karoly Gulya
Temporal and spatial epigenetic modifications in the brain occur during ontogenetic development, pathophysiological disorders, and aging. When epigenetic marks, such as histone methylations, in brain autopsies or biopsy samples are studied, it is critical to understand their postmortem/surgical stability. For this study, the frontal cortex and hippocampus of adult rats were removed immediately (controls) or after a postmortem delay of 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, or 150 min. The patterns of unmodified H3 and its trimethylated form H3K9me3 were analyzed in frozen samples for Western blot analysis and in formalin-fixed tissues embedded in paraffin for confocal microscopy...
March 18, 2024: Epigenomes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534513/computational-rhinology-unraveling-discrepancies-between-in-silico-and-in-vivo-nasal-airflow-assessments-for-enhanced-clinical-decision-support
#13
REVIEW
Sverre Gullikstad Johnsen
Computational rhinology is a specialized branch of biomechanics leveraging engineering techniques for mathematical modelling and simulation to complement the medical field of rhinology. Computational rhinology has already contributed significantly to advancing our understanding of the nasal function, including airflow patterns, mucosal cooling, particle deposition, and drug delivery, and is foreseen as a crucial element in, e.g., the development of virtual surgery as a clinical, patient-specific decision support tool...
February 28, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533903/cephalopod-inspired-chemical-gated-hydrogel-actuation-systems-for-information-3d-encoding-display
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Baoyi Wu, Muqing Si, Luqin Hua, Dong Zhang, Wanning Li, Chuanzhuang Zhao, Wei Lu, Tao Chen
Cephalopods evolve the acetylcholine-gated actuation control function of their skin muscles, which enables their dynamic/static multi-mode display capacities for achieving perfectly spatial control over the colors/patterns on every inch of skin. Reproduction of artificial analogs that exhibit similar multimodal display is essential to reach advanced information 3D-encoding with higher security than the classic 2D-encoding strategy, but remains underdeveloped. The core difficulty is how to replicate such chemical-gated actuation control function into artificial soft actuating systems...
March 27, 2024: Advanced Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533805/genotype-environment-associations-reveal-genes-potentially-linked-to-avian-malaria-infection-in-populations-of-an-endemic-island-bird
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eleanor C Sheppard, Claudia A Martin, Claire Armstrong, Catalina González-Quevedo, Juan Carlos Illera, Alexander Suh, Lewis G Spurgin, David S Richardson
Patterns of pathogen prevalence are, at least partially, the result of coevolutionary host-pathogen interactions. Thus, exploring the distribution of host genetic variation in relation to infection by a pathogen within and across populations can provide important insights into mechanisms of host defence and adaptation. Here, we use a landscape genomics approach (Bayenv) in conjunction with genome-wide data (ddRADseq) to test for associations between avian malaria (Plasmodium) prevalence and host genetic variation across 13 populations of the island endemic Berthelot's pipit (Anthus berthelotii)...
March 27, 2024: Molecular Ecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533736/inter-plane-feedback-coordinates-cell-morphogenesis-and-maintains-3d-tissue-organization-in-the-drosophila-pupal-retina
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao Sun, Jacob Decker, Nicelio Sanchez-Luege, Ilaria Rebay
How complex organs coordinate cellular morphogenetic events to achieve three-dimensional (3D) form is a central question in development. The question is uniquely tractable in the late Drosophila pupal retina, where cells maintain stereotyped contacts as they elaborate the specialized cytoskeletal structures that pattern the apical, basal and longitudinal planes of the epithelium. In this study, we combined cell type-specific genetic manipulation of the cytoskeletal regulator Abelson (Abl) with 3D imaging to explore how the distinct cellular morphogenetic programs of photoreceptors and interommatidial pigment cells (IOPCs) organize tissue pattern to support retinal integrity...
March 15, 2024: Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533377/distinct-cellular-microenvironment-with-cytotypic-effects-regulates-orderly-regeneration-of-vascular-tissues
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jian Wang, Xun Yang, Miaomiao Xu, Hui Liu, Lijun Liu, Zhikai Tan
Regeneration of the architecturally complex blood vascular system requires precise temporal and spatial control of cell behaviours. Additional components must be integrated into the structure to achieve clinical success for in situ tissue engineering. Consequently, this study proposed a universal method for including any substrate type in vascular cell extracellular matrices (VCEM) via regulating selective adhesion to promote vascular tissue regeneration. The results uncovered that the VCEM worked as cell adhesion substrates, exhibited cell type specificity, and functioned as an address signal for recognition by vascular cells, which resulted in matching with the determined cells...
June 2024: Materials today. Bio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532805/characterization-of-moisture-migration-and-diffusion-in-two-types-of-tobacco-biomass-during-the-dehydration-process-by-the-tg-nmr-analysis
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenkui Zhu, Bo Zhou, Kun Duan, Duoduo Huang, Lifeng Han, Rongya Zhang, Wu Wen, Bing Wang, Bin Li
The tobacco waste generated from the tobacco agriculture and industry, including the discarded stem and leaf, often needs dehydration pretreatment before thermal conversion utilization. In order to study the water activity and migration of tobacco waste during the pretreatment process, TG-NMR (Thermogravimetric Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) was used to obtain the drying curves and LF-NMR (Low Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) T2 inversion spectrum at each stage of tobacco drying. Meanwhile, the variation pattern of pore distribution during the dehydration process of two types of tobacco waste has been obtained...
2024: Frontiers in Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532795/spatiotemporal-analysis-and-forecasting-of-lumpy-skin-disease-outbreaks-in-ethiopia-based-on-retrospective-outbreak-reports
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shimels Tesfaye, Fikru Regassa, Gashaw Beyene, Samson Leta, Jan Paeshuyse
INTRODUCTION: Lumpy skin disease is a viral disease that affects cattle belonging to genus Capripoxvirus (Poxviridae) and lead to significant economic losses. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution of lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks and predict future patterns based on retrospective outbreak reports in Ethiopia. METHODS: Data were collected through direct communication with regional laboratories and a hierarchical reporting system from the Peasant Associations to Ministry of Agriculture...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532002/scale-free-bursting-activity-in-shrinkage-induced-cracking
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roland Szatmári, Akio Nakahara, So Kitsunezaki, Ferenc Kun
Based on computer simulations of a realistic discrete element model we demonstrate that shrinkage induced cracking of thin layers of heterogeneous materials, generating spectacular crack patterns, proceeds in bursts. These crackling pulses are characterized by scale free distributions of size and duration, however, with non-universal exponents depending on the system size and shrinking rate. On the contrary, local avalanches composed of micro-cracking events with temporal and spatial correlation are found to obey a universal power law statistics...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
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