Demodex

BACKGROUND: Granulomatous rosacea is a rare chronic inflammatory skin disease with an unknown origin. The role of Demodex follicularum in its pathogenesis is currently proved. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 54-year-old Moroccan man with a 3-month history of erythematous, nonpruritic papules on the lateral side around the eyes. Dermoscopy and histology confirmed the diagnosis of granulomatous rosacea. CONCLUSIONS: We describe another clinical presentation of granulomatous rosacea with a clinical-dermoscopic-pathological correlation...

BACKGROUND: Demodicosis is one of the most prevalent skin diseases resulting from infestation by Demodex mites. This parasite usually inhabits in follicular infundibulum or sebaceous duct and transmits through close contact with an infested host. METHODS: This study was carried from September 2014 to January 2016 at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. DNA extraction and amplification of 16S ribosomal RNA was performed on four isolates, already obtained from four different patients and identified morphologically though clearing with 10% Potassium hydroxide (KOH) and microscopical examination...

BACKGROUND: Demodex is a genus of mites living predominantly in mammalian pilosebaceous units. They are commonly detected in the skin of face, with increasing numbers in inflammatory lesions. Causation between Demodex mites and inflammatory diseases, such as rosacea, blepharitis, perioral and seborrhoeic dermatitis or chalazion, is controversially discussed. Clinical observations indicate a primary form of human Demodex infection. The aim of this review was to highlight the biological aspects of Demodex infestation and point out directions for the future research...

In the last 10 years, numerous studies have been published that throw new light on rosacea, in all areas of the disease. This overview summarises all the key developments, based on the indexed bibliography appearing in Medline between 2007 and 2017. Recent epidemiological data show that the prevalence of the disease is doubtless greater than estimated hitherto (more than 10% of adults in some countries) and that we should not overlook rosacea in subjects with skin phototypes V or VI, a condition that exists on all continents...

BACKGROUND: The reported prevalence and degrees of Demodex mite infestation in rosacea vary widely. OBJECTIVE: We sought to conduct an evidence-based meta-analysis of the prevalence and degrees of Demodex mite infestation in patients with rosacea. METHODS: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted. Odds ratios for prevalence of infestation and standardized mean difference (SMD) for Demodex density in patients with rosacea were pooled...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article highlights the importance of recognizing blepharokeratoconjunctivitis (BKC) in children and reviews the clinical characteristics and current therapeutic modalities. RECENT FINDINGS: The mainstay of BKC treatment remains controlling the meibomian gland inflammation and treating cobormid conditions. BKC can occur in the setting of ocular rosacea and Demodex infestation. Small studies have shown treatment benefits of topical cyclosporine A as well as oral azithromycin in pediatric BKC...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate Demodex species infestation in patients with ear itching. The relationship between the severity of ear itching and Demodex spp. positivity has not been previously reported in the literature, and we believe that our study will make a significant contribution to the understanding of the etiology of ear itching. METHODS: Fifty patients with itching ears and 54 healthy control patients were asked to use a visual analogue scale (VAS) to rate the itch, the itching period, and the medication used for the itching...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and density of Demodex folliculorum and D. brevis in Erzincan Province and the association between Demodex spp. and skin moisture, pH, and temperature. METHODS: The study included total 300 healthy participants without dermatological ailments and residing in Erzincan Province. Moisture, pH, and temperature of the cheek were measured, and the presence of mite was determined in samples from the cheek, nasolabial, and chin region using the standard superficial skin biopsy technique...

BACKGROUND: Recently, therapy of rosacea with inflammatory lesions (papulopustular) has improved substantially with the approval of topical ivermectin 1% cream. It is assumed to have a dual mode of action with anti-inflammatory capacities and anti-parasitic effect against Demodex, which however has not yet been demonstrated in vivo. AIM: To find scientific rationale for the dual anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic mode of action of topical ivermectin 1% cream in patients with rosacea...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Povidone-iodine aqueous solution is an antiseptic commonly used in ophthalmology for treatment of the ocular surface. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is a well-known skin penetration enhancer that is scarcely utilized in ophthalmic drug formulations. We describe here a low-dose formulation of 0.25% PVP-I in a gel containing DMSO for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis. CASE REPORT: A 95-year-old female presented with chronic blepharitis involving both the anterior and posterior eyelid margins...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Demodex canis infestation in dogs remains one of the main challenges in veterinary dermatology. The exact pathogenesis of canine demodicosis is unknown but an aberration in immune status is considered very significant. No studies have underpinned the nexus between induction of demodicosis and neural immunosuppressive pathways so far. We have evaluated the involvement of cholinergic pathways in association with cytokines regulation as an insight into the immuno-pathogenesis of canine demodicosis in the present study...

OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of Demodex spp. and infestation index (II) by the parasite among patients of different ages with blepharitis and to assess association with occurrence of cylindrical dandruff (CC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective study including patients diagnosed with posterior blepharitis between 2013 and 2015, without previous acaricide treatment, was conducted by Fundación Oftalmológica Los Andes (Chile). Four eyelashes were randomly extracted from each eyelid for parasite detection...

BACKGROUND: Fluralaner and afoxolaner are isoxazolines licensed for the treatment of flea and tick infestations. Isoxazolines have also shown efficacy for treatment of demodicosis. Nothing is known about the impact of these compounds on the populations of Demodex in healthy dogs. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to measure the prevalence of Demodex in the skin of healthy dogs prior to and following the use of either afoxolaner or fluralaner, using real-time PCR (RT-PCR) for Demodex DNA...

There is little agreement on the most effective and safest treatment for feline demodicosis. Protocols generally consist of long-lasting therapy courses based on rinses, subcutaneous injections, oral drug administration or repeated spot-on formulation and the efficacy of most of these is poorly documented. Many of these products have also been associated with adverse effects and may be difficult to administer in cats, leading to poor owner compliance and treatment failure. This case report describes the successful use of fluralaner in treating a generalised form of demodicosis caused by Demodex cati in an adult cat that was probably triggered by a chronic glucocorticoid administration...

The research of Demodex, a type of pathogen causing various dermatoses in animals and human beings, is lacking at RNA level. This study aims at extracting RNA and constructing cDNA library for Demodex. First, P. cuniculiand D. farinaewere mixed to establish homogenization method for RNA extraction. Second, D. folliculorumand D. breviswere collected and preserved in Trizol, which were mixed with D. farinaerespectively to extract RNA. Finally, cDNA library was constructed and its quality was assessed. The results indicated that for D...

Demodex mollis n. sp. is described from the yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis (Melchior, 1834), from Poland. It is a medium-sized demodecid mite (adult stages are, on average, 249 μm long) observed in the skin of the eyelid area. This new species is most similar to two other species occupying similar a microhabitat in hosts of the same genus-Demodex lacrimalis Lukoschus and Jongman, 1974 from Apodemus sylvaticus Linnaeus, 1758 and Demodex huttereri Mertens, Lukoschus and Nutting, 1983 from Apodemus agrarius (Pallas, 1771)-but it differs in the following features: the terminal palpi are equipped with 3 spines, including 1 large claw-like spine and 1 single spine; subgnathosomal setae (setae n) are situated on both sides of the anterior side of the pharyngeal bulb; claws on the leg tarsi are bifurcated and each is equipped with large subterminal spur and proximal pointed projection; the opisthosoma is soft and flexible; and the male aedeagus has a different shape and localization...

BACKGROUND: Demodicosis is a parasitic skin disease caused by Demodex mites, and the determination of mite density per square centimeter is important to diagnose demodicosis. Standardized skin surface biopsy (SSSB) and direct microscopic examination (DME) are commonly used to determine Demodex mites density (Dd). However, no study has previously compared these two methods with respect to clinical types and distribution patterns of demodicosis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the value of SSSB and DME findings in reference to the clinical types and distribution patterns of demodicosis...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and density of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis in students and staff of the Erzincan University, Turkey, and to define the influence of age, gender, educational level, and hygiene as well as skin moisture, pH, and temperature on the presence of Demodex mites. METHODS: Healthy people without apparent facial dermatoses from nine faculties and five vocational schools of the university were included in the study...