Demodex

A potential role for bacteria in the induction of rosacea has been suggested. The aim of this work was to characterize the effect of temperature on the production of immunostimulatory proteins by Bacillus oleronius-a bacterium to which rosacea patients show sera reactivity and which was originally isolated from a Demodex mite from a rosacea patient. The affected skin of rosacea patients is at a higher temperature than unaffected skin and it was postulated that this might alter the protein expression pattern of B...

Demodecosis canina is one of the most important dog parasitoses, but its aetiology is still not well known. There are currently two known species of demodecid mite specific to the domestic dog Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758 (Carnivora: Canidae). These are Demodex canis Leydig, 1859 (Acariformes: Demodecidae) and Demodex injai Desch & Hillier, 2003. There have also been many reports of the so-called 'short form', considered to be a separate species functioning under the name Demodex cornei nomen nudum, for which, however, no formal valid description has been documented...

Introduction: Two human-specific Demodex species have been described: Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis . A medical condition caused by the presence of Demodex is called demodicosis. Material and methods: The study material comprised eyelashes collected from 1499 patients. Results: Demodex sp. infection was revealed in 47% of patients (487 women and 216 men). We determined the following rates of infection by age groups: 1-25 (8% of infected subjects), 26-40 (36%), 41-55 (50%), 56-70 (67%), over 70 (77%)...

Demodex mites are microscopic, cigar-shaped, follicular mites often regarded as commensal microfauna in mammals. Although Demodex spp. can cause dermatologic disease in any immunocompromised mammal, they are rarely reported in laboratory mice. Recent identification of Demodex musculi in a colony of immunodeficient mice with dermatitis afforded us the opportunity to investigate the comparative sensitivity of 4 antemortem diagnostic techniques to detect D. musculi-superficial skin scrape (SSS), tape impression (TI), fur pluck (FP), and deep skin scrape (DSS)-which we performed on 4 anatomic sites (face, interscapular region [IS], caudal ventrum [CV], and caudal dorsum [CD]) in 46 mice...

Rosacea is a chronic and recurrent disease with a variety of cutaneous manifestations. The disorder is a centrofacial inflammatory dermatosis with significant financial, physical and psychological impacts. There are a number of topical, oral and systemic treatments available. Yet, treatment for rosacea remains difficult. The multifactorial nature of the disease combined with an incomplete understanding of the pathophysiology is challenging for providers and patients. Areas covered: This article provides an in-depth review of rosacea treatment and emerging use of ivermectin 1% cream for papulopustular rosacea based on multiple clinical trials...

PURPOSE: to identify the role of laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) in diagnostic and to assess the effectiveness of involutional blepharitis treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 32 patients (64 eyes) with chronic blepharitis aged in average 75.21±3.56 years. All patients completed questionnaire (SPEED), underwent Schirmer I, Norn tear break-up time and compression tests, had the number of functioning meibomian glands (NFMG) calculated. The patients' eyelids were examined with LSCM, and the condition of conjunctiva was evaluated by microbiological study...

Rosacea is a common facial skin disorder affecting middle-aged adults. Its aetiology is unknown and pathogenesis uncertain. Activation of the host innate immune response has been identified as important. The Demodex mite population in the skin of these patients is significantly higher than in subjects with normal skin suggesting they may be of etiological importance in this disorder. Little is known of the role of these mites in human skin and their potential to interact with the host immune system has not been elucidated...

Three mite species ( Demodex ursi, Ursicoptes americanus, and Sarcoptes scabiei) have been associated with mange in black bears ( Ursus americanus). Since the early 1990s, the number and geographic distribution of mange cases in black bears in Pennsylvania has increased; however, the causative mites have yet to be completely defined. We evaluated several diagnostic approaches for detection and identification of mites in 72 black bears with severe lesions consistent with mange. Sarcoptes scabiei was morphologically identified in skin scrapes from 66 of the bears; no mites were identified in the remaining six...

BACKGROUND: Papulopustular rosacea and rosacea-like demodicosis have numerous similarities but they are generally considered as two distinct entities, mainly because the causal role of the Demodex mite in the development of rosacea is not yet widely accepted. Several clinical characteristics are traditionally considered to differentiate the two conditions; for example, papulopustular rosacea is typically characterised by central facial papulopustules and persistent erythema, whereas small superficial papulopustules and follicular scales rather suggest rosacea-like demodicosis...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the Demodex infection status and influencing factors in medical students in Wuhu City. METHODS: The mite specimens were collected by the cellophane tape method, and the influencing factors were investigated through the questionnaires. RESULTS: A total of 316 medical students were surveyed, 117 students were infected with Demodex mite, and the total infection rate was 37.03%. There was no significant difference between the male and female in the infection rate ( χ 2 = 0...

Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis are mites that are responsible for human demodicosis affecting skin and frequently linked to ocular diseasess. The aim of this work was to determine the association between Demodex sp. and eyelid and eyelash diseases and to establish the predisposing factors for acquiring this parasitic disease. Eyelashes from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients (n=72) between 9 and 82 years old were analyzed, where 53% were positive for Demodex sp., of which 66% manifested ocular symptoms and pathologies, blepharitis and dry eye being prevalent...

PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of ocular Demodex folliculorum (DF) in an Irish population. To validate a modified Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire and employ it to evaluate the relationship between dry eye symptoms and the presence of DF. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-six subjects were enrolled in an epidemiological cross-sectional prevalence study. Each subject completed a novel questionnaire on ocular symptoms and was assessed for the presence of DF...

Purpose: Demodex infestations cause blepharitis and are difficult to treat. Recently, a new type of eyelid wipes with terpenoids has been found effective. We aim to evaluate patient satisfaction after short-term use and compare two teaching modalities on the techniques of use. Patients and methods: Eligible participants were taught to use eyelid wipes (Cliradex®) by either live or online video demonstration based on random allocation. Participants used the wipes twice daily for a week...

BACKGROUND: Background: Demodex mites are acari that reside in the pilosebaceous unit of the skin and have been associated with skin disorders. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Demodex folliculorum (D. folliculorum) mites in polycystic ovary syndrome patients as well as to examine the relationship between Demodex infestation and the presence of acne and oily or dry skin types in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. METHODS: 41 polycystic ovary syndrome patients and 47 non-polycystic ovary syndrome control subjects were enrolled in the study...

A variety of arthropods, protozoa, and helminths infect the skin and subcutaneous tissues and may be identified by anatomic pathologists in standard cytology and histology preparations. The specific organisms seen vary greatly with the patient's exposure history, including travel to or residence in endemic countries. Arthropods are the most commonly encountered parasites in the skin and subcutaneous tissues and include Sarcoptes scabei, Demodex species, Tunga penetrans, and myiasis-causing fly larvae. Protozoal parasites such as Leishmania may also be common in some settings...

A new species of Demodex was detected in the earwax of a dog with otitis externa in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, in July 2010. The opisthosoma length of the mite was slightly shorter than 1/2 of its body length, which was different from the other species in domestic dogs, D. canis and D. injai, but was similar to the form of mites termed "short-bodied species", including D. cornei. However, the stubby external form was morphologically different from those of "short-bodied species", excluding a case without a species description reported from Greece...

PURPOSE: The objective of the study is to compare the frequency of Demodex on the eyelash follicle of patients with rosacea and referents without rosacea or ophthalmological disorders. METHODS: This is a comparative, open, observational, and cross-sectional study that included 41 patients diagnosed with rosacea and 41 referents without rosacea diagnosis or ophthalmic alterations. The individuals underwent a slit-lamp examination in which two eyelashes per eyelid were removed with fine forceps...

Pityriasis folliculorum has been described as a dry type of rosacea with extensive proliferation of Demodex folliculorum in pilosebaceous follicles of the skin. This skin condition is frequently difficult to manage, with various treatment options showing mixed efficacy. Oral ivermectin, a macrocyclic lactone parasiticide with anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic effects, is one of the leading treatment modalities for demodicosis. Topical ivermectin has recently been FDA approved as therapy for rosacea. We present the case of a woman with pityriasis folliculorum who showed significant improvement from using topical ivermectin with no adverse events related to treatment...

BACKGROUND Demodex may cause chronic and refractory blepharitis with associated ocular surface problems, and its diagnosis and treatment can be quite challenging. In this study, our aim was to assess the efficacy of tea tree oil in Demodex treatment on caucasian patients in an industrialized region of Turkey, and to develop a systematic scoring system for extremely accurate diagnosis in the absence of advanced facilities. MATERIAL AND METHODS Charts of 412 patients with blepharitis were reviewed. A group of 39 out of 412 cases were identified as chronic and treatment-refractory, and therefore were enrolled in this study...

Proposed at the beginning of the twentieth century to explain the origin of eukaryotic organelles from prokaryotes, endosymbiosis is now medically defined by various interaction patterns between microorganisms and their residing hosts, best exemplified by the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia identified in arthropods and filarial nematodes, which can influence normal development, reproduction, survival and transmission of the hosts. Based on the transmission modes, vertical or horizontal, and the function of the endosymbionts, the host-symbiont dependence can be divided into primary or secondary...