keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531125/externally-orienting-cues-improve-cognitive-control-in-ocd
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lora Bednarek, Stephanie Glover, Xiao Ma, Christopher Pittenger, Helen Pushkarskaya
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: An executive overload model of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) posits that broad difficulties with executive functioning in OCD result from an overload on the executive system by obsessive thoughts. It implies that, if individuals with OCD "snap out" of their obsessive thoughts, their performance on neurocognitive tasks will improve. METHODS: We test this prediction using the revised Attention Network Test, ANT-R, and distinct subsamples of data from unmedicated OCD and healthy controls (HC)...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526741/working-memory-load-modulates-anticipatory-postural-adjustments-during-step-initiation
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kodai Minami, Eiji Yamanaka, Kohei Okuyama, Michiyuki Kawakami, Kunitsugu Kondo, Riku Ishizaka, Aoki Takahashi, Tatsunori Watanabe
Working memory (WM) can influence selective attention. However, the effect of WM load on postural standing tasks has been poorly understood, even though these tasks require attentional resources. The purpose of this study was to examine whether WM load would impact anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) during step initiation. Sixteen healthy young adults performed stepping tasks alone or concurrently with a WM task in a dual-task design. The stepping tasks involved volitional stepping movements in response to visual stimuli and comprised of simple and choice reaction time tasks and the Flanker task which consisted of congruent and incongruent (INC) conditions...
March 25, 2024: Experimental Brain Research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation Cérébrale
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516712/multispectral-brain-connectivity-during-visual-attention-distinguishes-controlled-from-uncontrolled-hypertension
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jake J Son, Yasra Arif, Davina Oludipe, Lucas Weyrich, Abraham D Killanin, Alex I Wiesman, Hannah J Okelberry, Madelyn P Willett, Hallie J Johnson, Tony W Wilson
Hypertension-related changes in brain function place individuals at higher risk for cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. The existing functional neuroimaging literature has identified important neural and behavioural differences between normotensive and hypertensive individuals. However, previously-used methods (i.e. magnetic resonance imaging, functional near-infrared spectroscopy) rely on neurovascular coupling, which is a useful but indirect measure of neuronal activity. Furthermore, most studies fail to distinguish between controlled and uncontrolled hypertensive individuals, who exhibit significant behavioural and clinical differences...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499275/analysis-of-modulations-of-mental-fatigue-on-intra-individual-variability-from-single-trial-event-related-potentials
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jia Liu, Yongjie Zhu, Fengyu Cong, Anders Björkman, Nebojsa Malesevic, Christian Antfolk
BACKGROUND: Intra-individual variability (IIV), a measure of variance within an individual's performance, has been demonstrated as metrics of brain responses for neural functionality. However, how mental fatigue modulates IIV remains unclear. Consequently, the development of robust mental fatigue detection methods at the single-trial level is challenging. NEW METHODS: Based on a long-duration flanker task EEG dataset, the modulations of mental fatigue on IIV were explored in terms of response time (RT) and trial-to-trial latency variations of event-related potentials (ERPs)...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Methods
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491856/the-impact-of-sex-on-cognitive-control-in-adhd-girls-slow-to-inhibit-boys-inhibit-less-and-both-show-higher-response-variability
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beatrice Ojuri, Alyssa DeRonda, Micah Plotkin, Stewart H Mostofsky, Keri S Rosch
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether girls and boys with ADHD show distinct impairments in components of cognitive control across multiple tasks (go/no-go, stop signal, and flanker) and performance metrics (response speed, variability, and errors). METHOD: A total of 300 children, ages 8 to 12 years with ADHD ( n  = 210, 58 girls) or typically developing (TD; n  = 99, 37 girls), completed all tasks. Traditional response measures (e...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Attention Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467269/eeg-correlates-of-trait-test-anxiety-in-the-flanker-task-for-adolescents
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hua Wei, Zhenni Jin
Adolescents face constant exams and often experience severe test anxiety. Previous studies suggested that test anxiety impairs individuals' inhibitory control. Neurophysiological evidence suggests that anxiety interferes with the recruitment of the prefrontal region of the brain, which modulates top-down attentional control during the completion of inhibitory control tasks. However, there is little neurophysiological evidence regarding how test anxiety impairs inhibitory control in adolescents. This study used the flanker task to measure individuals' inhibitory control ability, and both event-related potential and electroencephalography indicators were used to measure neurophysiological processes...
March 9, 2024: Neuroscience Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465905/control-your-emotions-evidence-for-a-shared-mechanism-of-cognitive-and-emotional-control
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eldad Keha, Hadar Naftalovich, Ariel Shahaf, Eyal Kalanthroff
The current investigation examined the bidirectional effects of cognitive control and emotional control and the overlap between these two systems in regulating emotions. Based on recent neural and cognitive findings, we hypothesised that two control systems largely overlap as control recruited for one system (either emotional or cognitive) can be used by the other system. In two experiments, participants completed novel versions of either the Stroop task (Experiment 1) or the Flanker task (Experiment 2) in which the emotional and cognitive control systems were actively manipulated into either a high or low emotional-load condition (achieved by varying the proportions of negative-valence emotional cues) and a high and a low cognitive control condition (achieved through varying the proportion of conflict-laden trials)...
March 11, 2024: Cognition & Emotion
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450381/trns-boosts-visual-perceptual-learning-in-participants-with-bilateral-macular-degeneration
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giulio Contemori, Marcello Maniglia, Jade Guénot, Vincent Soler, Marta Cherubini, Benoit R Cottereau, Yves Trotter
Perceptual learning (PL) has shown promise in enhancing residual visual functions in patients with age-related macular degeneration (MD), however it requires prolonged training and evidence of generalization to untrained visual functions is limited. Recent studies suggest that combining transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) with perceptual learning produces faster and larger visual improvements in participants with normal vision. Thus, this approach might hold the key to improve PL effects in MD. To test this, we trained two groups of MD participants on a contrast detection task with ( n  = 5) or without ( n  = 7) concomitant occipital tRNS...
2024: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415399/quadratic-associations-between-cardiovascular-stress-reactivity-and-development-of-cool-and-hot-executive-functions-in-adolescents
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Lü, Yefei Huang
Stress affects executive functions and exploring the association between stress-induced physiological reactivity and executive functions could highlight the potential mechanism of the stress-cognitive function link. Our study examined the linear and nonlinear associations between cardiovascular stress reactivity and cool and hot executive functions among adolescents. In November 2021 (T1), 273 Chinese adolescents between 11 and 14 ( M age = 12.93, SD age = 0.79) underwent a speech task during which their cardiovascular data were recorded, and they completed a Flanker task and an Emotional Stroop task...
February 28, 2024: Development and Psychopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414009/the-effect-of-working-memory-training-on-test-anxiety-symptoms-and-attentional-control-in-adolescents
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chunling Xu, Hua Wei
OBJECTIVE: The percentage of adolescents with test anxiety is increasing rapidly. Working memory (WM) training has been demonstrated to reduce anxiety levels and enhance attentional control in individuals. Therefore, we investigated whether adaptive dual n-back WM training could lower test anxiety level and improve attentional control in adolescents. METHODS: Forty adolescents were allocated to either adaptive dual n-back WM training (n = 21) or non-adaptive dual 1-back WM training (n = 19) for 10 days...
February 27, 2024: BMC Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38413504/cognitive-control-controls-the-effect-of-irrelevant-stimulus-response-learning
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kangyin Shi, Ling Wang
Research has established that two cognitive processes, cognitive control and irrelevant stimulus-response (S-R) learning, may underlie the proportion congruency effect, which refers to the findings that the size of interference effects (e.g., the Stroop, Simon, or Eriksen flanker effect) reduces with increasing the proportion of incongruent trials. Further studies have begun to investigate the interaction between these two cognitive processes, which not only provide more plausible accounts for empirical data, but also advance theories...
February 27, 2024: Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410467/altered-error-monitoring-and-decreased-flanker-task-accuracy-in-pediatric-obsessive-compulsive-disorder
#12
Gregory Hanna, Yanni Liu, Lauren Rentschler, Barbara Hanna, Paul Arnold, William Gehring
The error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe) are components of the event-related potential following an error that are potential mechanistic biomarkers of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The study examined the ERN, Pe, flanker task accuracy, and clinical measures in 105 OCD cases and 105 matched healthy controls (HC), ages 8 to 18 years, with 21 cases having a tic disorder history. Higher flanker task accuracy in all participants was associated with an increased ERN amplitude and increased difference between Pe and correct positivity amplitudes (ΔPe)...
February 13, 2024: Research Square
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38407136/multiple-sources-of-unconscious-information-processing-affect-a-single-response-independent-unconscious-priming-effects
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dingding Wang, Jiuhong Yan, Jun Li, Jerwen Jou, Jun Jiang, Jiang Qiu, Shen Tu
At present there is little knowledge on whether and how multiple pieces of unconscious information can simultaneously affect a single conscious response. In the present study, we manipulated the congruency relation between a masked prime arrow and the target arrow, as well as that between masked flankers and the target arrow. The results demonstrated that the masked prime and flankers produced independent unconscious priming effects on the response to the target. In the process of studying the above phenomenon, two secondary findings were made...
February 26, 2024: Journal of General Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401414/clinical-validation-of-selected-nih-cognitive-toolbox-tasks-in-pediatric-epilepsy
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily Matuska, Allison Carney, Leigh N Sepeta, Tesfaye Zelleke, Archana Pasupuleti, Madison M Berl
The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) is designed to assess cognitive functioning across the lifespan. We aimed to evaluate the clinical validity of two NIHTB-CB tasks as cognitive screening tools in pediatric epilepsy by comparing them to standard neuropsychological measures and their association with epilepsy characteristics. Forty-seven patients with epilepsy ages 5-18, including ten repeat evaluations, were assessed. Correlational analyses and agreement statistics were conducted to validate NIHTB-CB tasks (Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention test (Flanker) and Pattern Comparison Processing Speed test (Pattern Comparison)) with standard clinical measures...
February 23, 2024: Epilepsy & Behavior: E&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38397250/the-development-of-response-and-interference-inhibition-in-children-evidence-from-serious-game-training
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lingyun Wang, Jiajia Li, Fanli Jia, Lin Lian, Lihong Li
A serious game titled "Crossing the Jungle" was developed in this study to train children's inhibition skills using the Stroop task. The effects of inhibitory control on children were tested by a pre-test, post-test, and one-month follow-up test. In the control groups, children were asked to play a commercial game instead. In experiment 1, 48 participants chose either the training or control game voluntarily, whereas, in experiment 2, 44 participants were randomly assigned to either group. In both experiments, children exposed to the serious game demonstrated training effects from the Stroop spatial task and near-transfer effects from the Flanker task...
January 23, 2024: Children
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388958/comparative-analysis-of-rocket-driven-and-classic-eeg-features-in-predicting-attachment-styles
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dor Mizrahi, Ilan Laufer, Inon Zuckerman
Predicting attachment styles using AI algorithms remains relatively unexplored in scientific literature. This study addresses this gap by employing EEG data to evaluate the effectiveness of ROCKET-driven features versus classic features, both analyzed using the XGBoost machine learning algorithm, for classifying 'secure' or 'insecure' attachment styles.Participants, fourth-year engineering students aged 20-35, first completed the ECR-R questionnaire. A subset then underwent EEG sessions while performing the Arrow Flanker Task, receiving success or failure feedback for each trial...
February 22, 2024: BMC Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38382861/the-role-of-parietal-beta-band-activity-in-the-resolution-of-visual-crowding
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giuseppe Di Dona, Denisa Adina Zamfira, Martina Battista, Luca Battaglini, Daniela Perani, Luca Ronconi
Visual crowding is the difficulty in identifying an object when surrounded by neighbouring flankers, representing a bottleneck for object perception. Crowding arises not only from the activity of visual areas but also from parietal areas and fronto-parietal network activity. Parietal areas would provide the dorsal-to-ventral guidance for object identification and the fronto-parietal network would modulate the attentional resolution. Several studies highlighted the relevance of beta oscillations (15-25 Hz) in these areas for visual crowding and other connatural visual phenomena...
February 19, 2024: NeuroImage
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38366119/modality-matters-three-auditory-conflict-tasks-to-measure-individual-differences-in-attention-control
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander P Burgoyne, Dolly T Seeburger, Randall W Engle
Early work on selective attention used auditory-based tasks, such as dichotic listening, to shed light on capacity limitations and individual differences in these limitations. Today, there is great interest in individual differences in attentional abilities, but the field has shifted towards visual-modality tasks. Furthermore, most conflict-based tests of attention control lack reliability due to low signal-to-noise ratios and the use of difference scores. Critically, it is unclear to what extent attention control generalizes across sensory modalities, and without reliable auditory-based tests, an answer to this question will remain elusive...
February 16, 2024: Behavior Research Methods
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38360748/cortical-beta-power-reflects-a-neural-implementation-of-decision-boundary-collapse-in-speeded-decisions
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hans Kirschner, Adrian G Fischer, Claudia Danielmeier, Tilmann A Klein, Markus Ullsperger
A prominent account of decision-making assumes that information is accumulated until a fixed response threshold is crossed. However, many decisions require weighting of information appropriately against time. Collapsing response thresholds are a mathematically optimal solution to this decision problem. However, our understanding of the neurocomputational mechanisms that underly dynamic response thresholds remains very incomplete. To investigate this issue, we used a multistage drift diffusion model (DDM) and also analyzed EEG beta power lateralization (BPL)...
February 15, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38352362/perceptual-and-cognitive-effects-of-focal-tdcs-of-auditory-cortex-in-tinnitus
#20
Amber M Leaver
OBJECTIVES: Noninvasive brain stimulation continues to grow as an effective, low-risk way of improving the symptoms of brain conditions. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is particularly well-tolerated, with benefits including low cost and potential portability. Nevertheless, continued study of perceptual and cognitive side effects is warranted, given the complexity of functional brain organization. This paper describes the results of a brief battery of tablet-based tasks used in a recent pilot study of auditory-cortex tDCS in people with chronic tinnitus...
February 1, 2024: medRxiv
keyword
keyword
72265
1
2
Fetch more papers »
Fetching more papers... Fetching...
Remove bar
Read by QxMD icon Read
×

Save your favorite articles in one place with a free QxMD account.

×

Search Tips

Use Boolean operators: AND/OR

diabetic AND foot
diabetes OR diabetic

Exclude a word using the 'minus' sign

Virchow -triad

Use Parentheses

water AND (cup OR glass)

Add an asterisk (*) at end of a word to include word stems

Neuro* will search for Neurology, Neuroscientist, Neurological, and so on

Use quotes to search for an exact phrase

"primary prevention of cancer"
(heart or cardiac or cardio*) AND arrest -"American Heart Association"

We want to hear from doctors like you!

Take a second to answer a survey question.