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EDITORIAL
Javier David Benitez Fuentes
This editorial addresses a critical oversight in recent clinical trials on neoadjuvant or perioperative immunotherapy for lung cancer, the exclusion of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV). The ethical implications of this exclusion are highlighted, demonstrating how it undermines principles of inclusivity and equity in clinical research. We emphasize the necessity to include these patients to enhance the generalizability of trial findings. We suggest that trial eligibility criteria be revised, and collaborations with patient advocacy groups be initiated to ensure more inclusive future trials...
December 2023: Curēus
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehmet Altan, Quan-Zhen Li, Qi Wang, Natalie I Vokes, Ajay Sheshadri, Jianjun Gao, Chengsong Zhu, Hai T Tran, Saumil Gandhi, Mara B Antonoff, Stephen Swisher, Jing Wang, Lauren A Byers, Noha Abdel-Wahab, Maria C Franco-Vega, Yinghong Wang, J Jack Lee, Jianjun Zhang, John V Heymach
UNLABELLED: The roles of preexisting auto-reactive antibodies in immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy are not well defined. Here, we analyzed plasma samples longitudinally collected at predefined time points and at the time of irAEs from 58 patients with immunotherapy naïve metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated on clinical protocol with ipilimumab and nivolumab. We used a proteomic microarray system capable of assaying antibody reactivity for IgG and IgM fractions against 120 antigens for systemically evaluating the correlations between auto-reactive antibodies and certain organ-specific irAEs...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin'ang Jiang, Qianyun Ma, Taohu Zhou, Qianqian Feng, Wen Yang, Xiuxiu Zhou, Wenjun Huang, Xiaoqing Lin, Jie Li, Xiaohui Zhang, Shiyuan Liu, Xiaoyan Xin, Li Fan
BACKGROUND: Extracellular volume (ECV) fraction has been used in cardiovascular diseases, pancreatic fibrosis, and hepatic fibrosis. The diagnostic value of ECV for focal lung lesions remains to be explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of ECV derived from a dual-layer detector computed tomography (DLCT) to differentiate lung cancer (LC) from benign lung lesions (BLLs). METHODS: Retrospectively, 128 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed LC (n=86) or BLLs (n=42) were included...
December 1, 2023: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
#24
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Aristotelis Bamias, Ian D Davis, Matthew D Galsky, José Á Arranz, Eiji Kikuchi, Enrique Grande, Xavier Garcia Del Muro, Se Hoon Park, Ugo De Giorgi, Boris Alekseev, Marina Mencinger, Kouji Izumi, Fabio A Schutz, Javier Puente, Jian-Ri Li, Stefano Panni, Mahmut Gumus, Mustafa Özgüroğlu, Sanjeev Mariathasan, Yekaterina Poloz, Fabiola Bene-Tchaleu, Chooi Lee, Sandrine Bernhard, Maria De Santis
BACKGROUND: The primary analysis of IMvigor130 showed a significant progression-free survival benefit with first-line atezolizumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy (group A) versus placebo plus platinum-based chemotherapy (group C) in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer. However, this finding did not translate into significant overall survival benefit for group A versus group C at the final analysis, precluding formal statistical testing of outcomes with atezolizumab monotherapy (group B) versus group C...
January 2024: Lancet Oncology
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriele De Rubis, Keshav Raj Paudel, Stewart Yeung, Vipul Agarwal, Philip Michael Hansbro, Brian Gregory George Oliver, Kamal Dua
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, whereby the major contributing factors are cigarette smoking and exposure to environmental pollutants. Despite the availability of numerous treatment options, including chemotherapy, the five-year survival rate is still extremely low, highlighting the urgent need to develop novel, more effective therapeutic strategies. In this context, the repurposing of previously approved drugs is an advantage in terms of time and resources invested. Ribavirin is an antiviral drug approved for the treatment of hepatitis C, which shows potential for repurposing as an anticancer agent...
December 13, 2023: Pathology, Research and Practice
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Adach, Małgorzata Tyszka-Czochara, Marek Daszkiewicz
The molecular crystals of monomeric and dimeric pyrazole complexes were prepared via one-pot syntheses. These are dichloridobis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-κN1 )cobalt/zinc(0.2/0.8), [Co0.20 Zn0.80 Cl2 (C5 H8 N2 )2 ] or [Co0.2 Zn0.8 Cl2 (3,5-dmp)2 ] (1), and bis(μ-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole)-κ2 N1 :N2 ;κ2 N2 :N1 -bis[bromido/chlorido(0.7/0.3)bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-κN1 )cobalt/zinc(0.1/0.9)], [Co0.20 Zn1.80 Br1.40 Cl0.60 (C5 H7 N2 )2 (C5 H8 N2 )2 ] or [Co0.1 Zn0.9 Br0.7 Cl0.3 (μ-3,5-dmp)(3,5-dmp)]2 (2)...
December 1, 2023: Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shufa Zhao, Yuntao Li, Jie Xu, Liang Shen
BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) type 3C (A3C) has been identified as a cancer molecular biomarker in the past decade. However, the practical role of A3C in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) in improving the clinical outcome remains unclear. This study aims to discuss the function of A3C in immunotherapy in LGGs. METHODS: The RNA-Sequencing (RNA-seq) and corresponding clinical data were extracted from UCSC Xena and the results were verified in the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA)...
November 26, 2023: Neurological Research
#28
Kaan Y Balta, Stephan Welch, Mark Vincent, Daniel Breadner
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths in Canada. Although it is less common than other cancers, the mortality rate has remained high and stable since 1984, with a five-year net survival rate being the lowest of 23 reported cancers. The limited options for detection and treatment contribute to the high mortality rate. A developing area of treatment is tumour site agnostic targeted therapy, where patients' cancer is treated based on genomic alterations that are amenable to targeted agents, regardless of where the tumour originated...
October 31, 2023: Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hala I Mohamed, Ehab M Abdelrahim, Amr M Elsayed, Saeed M Shaaban, Hosam A Eldahrouty
AIM OF THE STUDY: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the most common causes of liver-related deaths worldwide. Non-hepatic cancers such as lung and pancreatic cancers have been linked to HCV infection. This study aimed to determine whether HCV seropositivity was related to the development of extrahepatic malignancies and whether this had an impact on patients' survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective case control study included 1476 patients with lung, colorectal, pancreatic and breast cancers compared to 1550 age- and sex-matched controls regarding HCV seropositivity...
September 2023: Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C S Liu, L S Lu, J F Chiou
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Immune checkpoint blockades have become widely used in recent years and have been approved as standard first-line and subsequent treatment for different types of malignancy. Combination treatment with irradiation also showed promising results in previous clinical studies. However, the treatment toxicities of this combination strategy have not been well defined. We hypothesized combination therapy does not add additional toxicities to immune checkpoint blockade alone...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaowen Zhang, Xiao-Fei Chen, Wen-Jia Chen, Haibo Ding, Bao-Xia Zhang
This study employs network pharmacology to uncover the pharmacological mechanisms underlying Shen-qi-di-huang decoction's efficacy in treating uremia. We identified a total of 927 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through differential expression analysis and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database and analysis platform, of which 607 were downregulated and 320 were upregulated. We also obtained the effective biological components and related target gene information of Chinese herbal medicines such as Renshen, Huangqi, shudihuang, Shanyao, Fuling, Mudanpi, and Shanzhuyu in Shen-qi-di-huang decoction and constructed a regulatory relationship network between molecular components and target genes in Shen-qi-di-huang decoction...
September 29, 2023: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Frank Kalungi, Anthony Nsubuga, Godwin Anywar
Globally, the prevalence of prostate cancer is only the second to lung cancer. In Africa however, the commonest cancer among men is cancer of the prostate. The use of natural compounds from plants such as quercetin is being explored as a potential cure. Quercetin is a plant-based flavonoid that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties. Although quercetin has been extensively studied, its chemo preventive mode of action is not well-understood. The molecular targets and potential mechanisms underlying the action of quercetin against prostate cancer were identified and validated using network pharmacology and molecular docking methods...
2023: In Silico Pharmacology
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Justine Umutesi, Ming-Lung Yu, Olufunmilayo Lesi, John W Ward, Janvier Serumondo
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major global health threat, with serious consequences including liver cirrhosis and cancer. Despite efforts to combat HCV, an estimated 1.5 million new infections occur each year and HCV was the sixth leading cause of death in 2017. Nevertheless, political leaders are increasingly interested in the fight against HCV, and the achievements of countries such as Rwanda, Egypt, India, Mongolia, Pakistan, Georgia, and Ukraine have given hope that the elimination plan to reduce new infections to 90% and mortality to 65% by 2030 is possible...
September 13, 2023: Journal of Infectious Diseases
#34
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Kuan-Lun Huang, Yi-Lung Chen, Robert Stewart, Vincent Chin-Hung Chen
IMPORTANCE: Liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Although some studies have proposed that antidepressants may have apoptotic effects on cancer, no study has examined the association between antidepressant use and HCC prognosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between antidepressant use and mortality risk in patients with HCC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cohort study analyzed Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, which covers 99% of Taiwan's population and includes comprehensive medical information...
September 5, 2023: JAMA Network Open
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Xu, Xi-Yang Sun, Ming Chang, Zhao-Liang Hu, Ting-Ting Cheng, Tai-Jun Hang, Min Song
CONTEXT: Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has the potential to enhance the antitumor effect of gemcitabine in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment by increasing gemcitabine's active metabolites. However, whether gemcitabine affects the pharmacokinetics of DBD's major components remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the herb-drug interaction between DBD's major components and gemcitabine and validates the underlying pharmacokinetic mechanism...
December 2023: Pharmaceutical Biology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aamer Ikram, Shahid Pervez, Muhammad Tahir Khadim, Muhammad Sohaib, Hafeez Uddin, Farhana Badar, Ahmed Ijaz Masood, Zafar I A Khattak, Saima Naz, Tayyaba Rahat, Nighat Murad, Farah Naz Memon, Sumera Abid, Faiza Bashir, Ibrar Rafique, Muhammad Ayaz Mustafa, Roshan Kumar, Aisha Shafiq
OBJECTIVE: To compile a comprehensive national cancer registry report of Pakistan by merging and analysing cancer registration data received from major functional cancer registries in various parts of Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN: Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Health Research Institute (HRI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Islamabad, from 2015-2019. METHODOLOGY: Data from major cancer registries which included 'Punjab Cancer Registry (PCR), 'Karachi Cancer Registry (KCR)', 'Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) Cancer Registry', Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) Cancer Registry, Nishtar Medical University Hospital Multan (NMH), and Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad (SIH) registries were pooled, cleared, and analysed at HRI...
June 2023: Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons—Pakistan: JCPSP
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Chi Tsai, Ming-Lung Yu, Chou-Yuan Ko, Yi-Hsiang Hsin, Qi-Zhang Tsai, Chien-Wei Huang
OBJECTIVE: Hepatitis C is an important risk factor for cirrhosis and liver cancer in the Taiwanese population. Domestic prisons reported a higher rate of hepatitis C infection than the national average. Efficient and effective treatment of patients with hepatitis C in prisons is required to decrease the number of infections. This study analysed the effectiveness of hepatitis C treatment and its side effects in prison patients. DESIGN: This retrospective analysis included adult patients with hepatitis C who received direct-acting antiviral agents between 2018 and 2021...
June 7, 2023: BMJ Open
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Jun Wong, Sally Tran, Chung-Feng Huang, Yao-Chun Hsu, Carmen Preda, Hidenori Toyoda, Joanne Liu, Dae Won Jun, Charles Landis, Daniel Q Huang, Andrei Gila, Livia Negoita, Satoshi Yasuda, Cheng-Hao Tseng, Pei-Chien Tsai, Haruki Uojima, Akito Nozaki, Makoto Chuma, Masanori Atsukawa, Masatoshi Ishigami, Norio Itokawa, Etsuko Iio, Carla Pui-Mei Lam, Tsunamasa Watanabe, Akira Asai, Keisuke Yokohama, Hiroshi Abe, Masaru Enomoto, Norifumi Kawada, Akihiro Tamori, Dong Hyun Lee, Mi Jung Jun, Son Do, Dang K H Vo, Li Liu, Junyi Li, Fanpu Ji, Wenjun Wang, Yu Li, Xiaozhong Wang, Fen Guo, Qiang Xu, Liang Jing, Qing Ye, Hongying Pan, JiaJie Zhang, Xie Wen, Qi Wang, Hong Ren, Dachuan Cai, Jia Shang, Junping Liu, Chengzheng Lu, Wenqian Zang, Jia Li, Junqi Niu, Mingyuan Zhang, Chao Wu, Rui Huang, Mayumi Maeda, Akiko Nakanishi, Ming-Lun Yeh, Wan-Long Chuang, Jee-Fu Huang, ChiaYen Dai, Toru Ishikawa, Koichi Takaguchi, Tomonori Senoh, Huy N Trinh, Hirokazu Takahashi, Yuichiro Eguchi, Sabrina Xin Zi Quek, Hiroaki Haga, Eiichi Ogawa, Grace Wong, Maria Buti, Shinya Fukunishi, Yoshiyuki Ueno, Man-Fung Yuen, Yasuhito Tanaka, Seng Gee Lim, Ramsey Cheung, Ming-Lung Yu, Mindie H Nguyen
INTRODUCTION: Current guidelines discourage the use of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) containing protease-inhibitor (PI) in advanced HCV cirrhosis. We aimed to compare the real-world tolerability of PI vs. non-PI DAA regimens in this population. METHODS: We identified advanced cirrhosis patients treated with DAA from the REAL-C registry. The primary outcome was significant worsening or improvement in CPT or MELD scores following DAA treatment. RESULTS: From the REAL-C registry of 15,837 patients, we included 1077 advanced HCV cirrhosis patients from 27 sites...
June 5, 2023: Hepatology International
#39
REVIEW
Nariman Nezami, Fereshteh Khorshidi, Arian Mansur, Peiman Habibollahi, Juan C Camacho
The widespread use of imaging as well as the efforts conducted through screening campaigns has dramatically increased the early detection rate of lung cancer. Historically, the management of lung cancer has heavily relied on surgery. However, the increased proportion of patients with comorbidities has given significance to less invasive therapeutic options like minimally invasive surgery and image-guided thermal ablation, which could precisely target the tumor without requiring general anesthesia or a thoracotomy...
April 3, 2023: Clinical Lung Cancer
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael J Hanley, David Kerstein, Meera Tugnait, Narayana Narasimhan, Thomas C Marbury, Karthik Venkatakrishnan, Neeraj Gupta
Brigatinib is an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor approved for the treatment of ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer. This open-label, parallel-group study investigated the effect of chronic hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of brigatinib to inform dosing recommendations for these patients. Participants with hepatic impairment classified according to Child-Pugh categories of mild (A), moderate (B), or severe (C) and matched-healthy participants with normal hepatic function received a single oral dose of 90-mg brigatinib...
April 13, 2023: Investigational New Drugs
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