keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535226/chromogenic-biochemical-and-proteomic-identification-of-yeast-and-yeast-like-microorganisms-isolated-from-clinical-samples-from-animals-of-costa-rica
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alejandra Calderón-Hernández, Nelly Castro-Bonilla, Mariamalia Cob-Delgado
Yeast infections are challenging human and animal medicine due to low rates of detection and the emergence of unknown ecology isolates. The aim of this study was to verify the biochemical identification of yeasts and yeast-like microorganisms obtained from animals comparing the results with chromogenic media and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF MS). Between January and August 2023, yeast and yeast-like isolates from samples of animals with suspicion of mycosis were identified using Vitek® 2 Compact, Brilliance® Candida Agar and MALDI Biotyper® MSP...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534657/a-cyclam-salt-as-an-antifungal-agent-interference-with-candida-spp-and-cryptococcus-neoformans-mechanisms-of-virulence
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fátima Cerqueira, Rui Medeiros, Inês Lopes, Carla Campos, Maria Pia Ferraz, Fernando Silva, Luís G Alves, Eugénia Pinto
The importance of fungal infections, particularly those caused by yeasts, is increasing among the medical community. Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans are amongst the high-priority fungal species identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) and are considered in the critical group, while Candida krusei is included in the medium-priority group. The cyclam salt H4 [H2 (4-CF3 PhCH2 )2 Cyclam]Cl4 proved to be active against the growth of these three yeasts, and the aim of this work was to verify its interference with their virulence mechanisms, whether shared or unique...
February 28, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530134/anthraquinones-against-cryptococcus-neoformans-sensu-stricto-antifungal-interaction-biofilm-inhibition-and-pathogenicity-in-the-caenorhabditis-elegans-model
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Géssica Dos Santos Araújo, Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante, Maria Gleiciane da Rocha, Lara de Aguiar, Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco, Glaucia Morgana de Melo Guedes, José Júlio Costa Sidrim, Waldemiro Aquino Pereira Neto, Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
Introduction. Cryptococcal biofilms have been associated with persistent infections and antifungal resistance. Therefore, strategies, such as the association of natural compounds and antifungal drugs, have been applied for the prevention of biofilm growth. Moreover, the Caenorhabditis elegans pathogenicity model has been used to investigate the capacity to inhibit the pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans sensu stricto . Hypothesis. Anthraquinones and antifungals are associated with preventing C. neoformans sensu stricto biofilm formation and disrupting these communities...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519353/cryptococcus-neoformans-plant-microbe-interactions-and-ecology
#4
REVIEW
Magnus Hallas-Mølle, Meike Burow, Bernard Henrissat, Katja Salomon Johansen
While the opportunistic human pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are often isolated from plants and plant-related material, evidence suggests that these Cryptococcus species do not directly infect plants. Studies find that plants are important for Cryptococcus mating and dispersal. However, these studies have not provided enough detail about how plants and these fungi interact, especially in ways that could show the fungi are capable of causing disease. This review synthesizes recent findings from studies utilizing different plant models associated with the ecology of C...
March 21, 2024: Trends in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518906/production-optimization-and-characterization-of-partially-purified-anti-mycotic-compound-from-marine-soil-streptomycetes-unexplored-region-of-bay-of-bengal-india
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ramasamy Vijayakumar, Suresh S S Raja, Chinnasamy Muthukumar, Ponmurugan Karuppiah, Annamalai Panneerselvam, R Jothi Ramalingam, Nooruddin Thajuddin, Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal
Sixty-eight morphologically distinct isolates of marine actinomycetes were derived from seashore, mangrove, and saltpan ecosystems located between the Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar region, Bay of Bengal, Tamilnadu. Twenty-five (36.8%) isolates exhibited anti-mycotic activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans in preliminary screening, and 4 isolates with prominent activity were identified and designated at the genus level as Streptomyces sp. VPTS3-I, Streptomyces sp. VPTS3-2, Streptomyces sp...
March 20, 2024: Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513558/hiv-associated-disseminated-cryptococcosis-an-unusual-clinical-and-diagnostic-picture-with-successful-cure-by-single-dose-liposomal-amphotericin-b-treatment
#6
Chhavi Gupta, Prerna Dogra, Varun Jain, Ravneet Kaur, Jyoti Bala Sharma
BACKGROUND: Cryptococcosis is an invasive, opportunistic fungal infection seen especially in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the second leading cause of mortality in HIV patients. We report a case of disseminated cryptococcosis presenting with altered mental status in a newly diagnosed HIV infection. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 50-year-old with a short history of altered mental sensorium and a history of low-grade fever and weight loss for few months presented at a tertiary care hospital in North India...
February 25, 2024: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511961/-cryptococcus-neoforman-s-rapidly-invades-the-murine-brain-by-sequential-breaching-of-airway-and-endothelial-tissues-barriers-followed-by-engulfment-by-microglia
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanessa I Francis, Corin Liddle, Emma Camacho, Madhura Kulkarni, Samuel R S Junior, Jamie A Harvey, Elizabeth R Ballou, Darren D Thomson, Gordon D Brown, J Marie Hardwick, Arturo Casadevall, Jonathan Witton, Carolina Coelho
Cryptococcus neoformans causes lethal meningitis and accounts for approximately 10%-15% of AIDS-associated deaths worldwide. There are major gaps in our understanding of how this fungus invades the mammalian brain. To investigate the dynamics of C. neoformans tissue invasion, we mapped fungal localization and host cell interactions in infected brain, lung, and upper airways using mouse models of systemic and airway infection. To enable this, we developed an in situ imaging pipeline capable of measuring large volumes of tissue while preserving anatomical and cellular information by combining thick tissue sections, tissue clarification, and confocal imaging...
March 21, 2024: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497911/rise-and-fall-of-caspofungin-the-current-status-of-caspofungin-as-a-treatment-for-cryptococcus-neoformans-infection
#8
REVIEW
Tawanny Kb Aguiar, Ana Cm Costa, Nilton As Neto, Daiane Ms Brito, Cleverson Dt Freitas, João Mm Neto, Felipe P Mesquita, Pedro Fn Souza
Antifungal infections are becoming a major concern to human health due to antimicrobial resistance. Echinocandins have been promising agents against resistant fungal infections, primarily caspofungin, which has a more effective mechanism of action than azoles and polyenes. However, fungi such as Cryptococcus neoformans appear to be inheritably resistant to these drugs, which is concerning due to the high clinical importance of C. neoformans . In this review, we review the history of C. neoformans and the treatments used to treat antifungals over the years, focusing on caspofungin, while highlighting the C...
March 18, 2024: Future Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494423/loss-of-the-scavenger-receptor-marco-results-in-uncontrolled-vomocytosis-of-fungi-from-macrophages
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chinaemerem U Onyishi, Yusun Jeon, Gyorgy Fejer, Subhankar Mukhopadhyay, Siamon Gordon, Robin C May
Vomocytosis, also known as nonlytic exocytosis, is a process whereby fully phagocytosed microbes are expelled from phagocytes without discernible damage to either the phagocyte or microbe. Although this phenomenon was first described in the opportunistic fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans in 2006, to date, mechanistic studies have been hampered by an inability to reliably stimulate or inhibit vomocytosis. Here we present the fortuitous discovery that macrophages lacking the scavenger receptor MAcrophage Receptor with COllagenous domain (MARCO), exhibit near-total vomocytosis of internalised cryptococci within a few hours of infection...
March 17, 2024: European Journal of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492831/active-roles-of-lytic-polysaccharide-monooxygenases-in-human-pathogenicity
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Kracher, Tina Lanzmaier, Leonor Vieira Carneiro
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are redox enzymes widely studied for their involvement in microbial and fungal biomass degradation. The catalytic versatility of these enzymes is demonstrated by the recent discovery of LPMOs in arthropods, viruses, insects and ferns, where they fulfill diverse functions beyond biomass conversion. This mini-review puts a spotlight on a recently recognized aspect of LPMOs: their role in infectious processes in human pathogens. It discusses the occurrence and potential biological mechanisms of LPMOs associated with human pathogens and provides an outlook on future avenues in this emerging and exciting research field...
March 14, 2024: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Proteins and Proteomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492489/polymerase-chain-reaction-negative-cryptococcal-meningitis
#11
Kyle T O'Meara, June L Chan, Stacey Ceron, John C Lam
A 61-year-old male with subacute headache was found to have cryptococcal meningitis despite a negative BioFire FilmArray meningitis/encephalitis panel. This case underscores the importance of liberal cryptococcal antigen testing, and that a negative FilmArray panel is inadequate in excluding cryptococcal meningitis, particularly in a HIV-negative host.
March 8, 2024: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489247/discovery-of-new-tricyclic-oxime-sampangine-derivatives-as-potent-antifungal-agents-for-the-treatment-of-cryptococcosis-and-candidiasis
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wanzhen Yang, Ruxiong Liu, Zhuang Li, Jie Tu, Dongjian Xu, Na Liu, Chunquan Sheng
Cryptococcus neoformans ( C. neoformans ) and Candida albicans ( C. albicans ) are classified as the critical priority groups among the pathogenic fungi, highlighting the urgent need for developing more effective antifungal therapies. On the basis of antifungal natural product sampangine, herein, a series of tricyclic oxime and oxime ether derivatives were designed. Among them, compound WZ-2 showed excellent inhibitory activity against C. neoformans (MIC80 = 0.016 μg/mL) and synergized with fluconazole to treat resistant C...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483745/exposure-of-cryptococcus-neoformans-to-low-nitrogen-levels-enhances-virulence
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caylin Bosch, Barbra Toplis, Anton DuPreez Van Staden, Heinrich Volschenk, Carine Smith, Leon Dicks, Alfred Botha
Previous studies have shown a correlation between nitrogen levels and Cryptococcus neoformans pathogenicity. Here we report on the in vivo effects of cryptococcal pre-exposure to ecologically relevant nitrogen levels. C. neoformans H99 was cultured in yeast carbon base (YCB) supplemented with 0.53 g/L NH4 Cl and 0.21 g/L NH4 Cl, respectively, and used to infect larvae of the Greater Wax moth, Galleria mellonella. Cells cultured in low nitrogen YCB (LN) were more virulent compared to cells cultured in high nitrogen YCB (HN)...
March 14, 2024: International Microbiology: the Official Journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38472387/3-bromopyruvate-induces-morphological-alteration-and-may-initiate-programmed-cell-death-in-cryptococcus-neoformans-cells
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katarzyna Przywara, Ryszard Adamski, Marta Książczyk, Jakub Suchodolski, Magdalena Cal
3-Bromopyruvate (3BP), known for its potent anticancer properties, also exhibits remarkable efficacy against the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. So far it has been proven that the main fungicidal activity of 3BP is based on ATP depletion and a reduction of intracellular level of glutathione. The presented study includes a broad range of methods to further investigate the mechanistic effects of 3BP on C. neoformans cells. The use of flow cytometry allowed a thorough examination of their survival during 3BP treatment, while observations using electron microscopy made it possible to note the changes in cellular morphology...
March 12, 2024: Archives of Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38469300/immune-evasion-by-cryptococcus-gattii-in-vaccinated-mice-coinfected-with-c-neoformans
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maureen M Hester, Diana Carlson, Jennifer K Lodge, Stuart M Levitz, Charles A Specht
Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii , the etiologic agents of cryptococcosis, cause over 100,000 deaths worldwide every year, yet no cryptococcal vaccine has progressed to clinical trials. In preclinical studies, mice vaccinated with an attenuated strain of C. neoformans deleted of three cryptococcal chitin deacetylases ( Cn - cda1 Δ 2 Δ 3 Δ) were protected against a lethal challenge with C. neoformans strain KN99. While Cn-cda1 Δ 2 Δ 3 Δ extended the survival of mice infected with C...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467092/antimicrobial-properties-of-triazolato-terpyridine-pd-ii-and-pt-ii-complexes-formed-by-3-2-cycloaddition-coupling-reaction
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmed M Mansour, Krzysztof Radacki, Gamal A E Mostafa, Essam A Ali, Ola R Shehab
Modern classes of antimicrobials are crucial because most drugs in development today are basically antibiotic derivatives. Even though a large number of metal-based compounds have been studied as antimicrobial agents, relatively few studies have examined the antimicrobial properties of Pd(II) and Pt(II) compounds. The [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of [M(N3 )L]PF6 (M = Pd(II) and Pt(II); L = 4'-(2-pyridyl)-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine) with 4,4,4-trifluoro-2-butynoic acid ethyl ester gave the corresponding triazolate complexes...
March 6, 2024: Bioorganic Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465639/sensitive-bioluminescence-imaging-of-cryptococcosis-in-galleria-mellonella-improves-antifungal-screening-under-in-vivo-conditions
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eliane Vanhoffelen, Lori Vermoesen, Lauren Michiels, Katrien Lagrou, Agustin Reséndiz-Sharpe, Greetje Vande Velde
Cryptococcus neoformans is an environmental yeast that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals, causing respiratory infections and life-threatening meningoencephalitis. Treatment is complicated by limited antifungal options, with concerns such as adverse effects, dose-limiting toxicity, blood-brain barrier permeability, and resistance development, emphasizing the critical need to optimize and expand current treatment options against invasive cryptococcosis. Galleria mellonella larvae have been introduced as an ethical intermediate for in vivo testing, bridging the gap between in vitro antifungal screening and mouse studies...
December 2024: Virulence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465028/diffuse-alveolar-hemorrhage-caused-by-disseminated-cryptococcosis-in-a-patient-with-systemic-lupus-erythematosus
#18
Takao Nagashima, Hiroki Yabe, Toshiaki Ogishi, Tsuyoshi Kobashigawa
A teenage girl with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was admitted with fever, dry cough, and dyspnea on exertion. Chest computed tomography revealed bilateral diffuse infiltration and swelling of the mediastinal lymph nodes. The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was light red, suggesting diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). Therefore, glucocorticoid pulse therapy was initiated. However, blood and BAL fluid cultures showed the growth of Cryptococcus neoformans . The patient was diagnosed with disseminated cryptococcosis...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463135/laminar-flow-sterol-transport-in-a-pathogenic-yeast
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hau Lam Choy, Elizabeth Anne Gaylord, Tamara Lea Doering
Cryptococcus neoformans is an important fungal pathogen, responsible for over 140,000 deaths per year worldwide. Like other yeasts, C. neoformans relies on ergosterol as its major membrane sterol and carefully regulates its synthesis and distribution. Ergosterol is also targeted by two of the three compound classes currently used to treat cryptococcal infection. We recently reported the discovery and characterization in C. neoformans of a single retrograde ergosterol transporter of the LAM family, Ysp2. Here we review these findings and discuss directions for future research, including the connections between processes that are perturbed by the absence of Ysp2 (which also abrogates cryptococcal virulence) and possible roles for Ysp2 and other, as yet unknown, lipid transport proteins in this organism...
2024: Contact
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461942/new-treatment-options-for-critically-important-who-fungal-priority-pathogens
#20
REVIEW
Lisa Kriegl, Matthias Egger, Johannes Boyer, Martin Hoenigl, Robert Krause
BACKGROUND: Yet often overlooked in public health discourse, fungal infections pose a crucialglobal disease burden associated with annual mortality rates approximately equal to tuberculosis and HIV. In response, the World Health Organization (WHO) published its first global priority list of fungal pathogens in 2022 assigning Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Candida auris, and Cryptococcus neoformans to the critical group. OBJECTIVES: This review provides succinct insights on novel antifungals in development, aiming to contribute valuable information and perspectives with focus on recent clinical findings and new treatment approaches for critical members of the WHO fungal pathogen priority list...
March 8, 2024: Clinical Microbiology and Infection
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