Resident Sleep

INTRODUCTION: Dementia is marked by a steady decline or worsening in cognitive abilities, affecting memory, logic, and social competencies. While many studies suggest a potential link between the amount of sleep and dementia risk, the outcomes are not yet consistent. This research delved into the relationship between sleep length and bedtime on cognitive abilities using an extensive dataset from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2014 to 2020. METHODS: Data from 175,702 observations were collected, including cognitive function test data from 22,848 participants...

BACKGROUND: Plant-based diets are becoming more and more widespread among the Spanish population, progressively replacing the Mediterranean dietary pattern. Different studies have shown the motivations for adherence to these diets, and others have highlighted some health advantages and disadvantages. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Further studies are needed to define the socio-demographic determinants that influence the choice of a plant-based diet and to study the relationship that the choice of dietary pattern has on the health and lifestyle habits of the population...

In this study, the social determinants of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in young survivors of childhood cancer aged <18 years are researched. This cross-sectional study investigated social determinants associated with poor PROs among young childhood cancer survivors. We included 293 dyads of survivors receiving treatment at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital who were <18 years of age during follow-up from 2017 to 2018 and their primary caregivers. Social determinants included family factors (caregiver-reported PROs, family dynamics) and county-level deprivation (socioeconomic status, physical environment via the County Health Rankings & Roadmaps)...

AIM: This study examined the outcomes of a telehealth model for sleep health assessment among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children residing in remote and regional communities at the Top End Northern Territory (NT) of Australia. METHODS: Video telehealth consultation, that included clinical history and relevant physical findings assessed virtually with an interstate paediatric sleep physician was conducted remotely. Polysomnography (PSG) and therapeutic interventions were carried out locally at Darwin, NT...

BACKGROUND: Several safety measures like movement restrictions, closure of educational institutions, and social distancing measures continue over the world including Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine the patterns of eating behaviors, physical activity, and lifestyle modifications among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic residing in Bangladesh. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed among 490 adolescents in Bangladesh from December 2020 to May 2021...

BACKGROUND: Apathy, depression, and anxiety are prevalent neuropsychiatric symptoms experienced by older adults. Early detection, prevention, and intervention may improve outcomes. OBJECTIVE: We aim to demonstrate the feasibility of deploying web-based weekly questionnaires inquiring about the behavioral symptoms of older adults with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or early-stage dementia and to demonstrate the feasibility of deploying an in-home technology platform for measuring participant behaviors and their environment...

Objective: To examine the association between the clustering of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and sleep quality in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. Methods: Data were from the Life History Survey in 2014 and the third wave follow-up survey in 2015 of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 10 824 participants aged 45 years and above were included in this study. According to the number of ACEs, the participants were divided into four groups: 0, 1, 2-3 and≥4 ACEs...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the health-related quality of life(HRQoL)status of elderly patients with hypertensive stroke, to understand the factors influencing it, and to provide a basis for the development of health intervention policies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study used the EQ-5D-3L scale to assess the HRQoL among elderly patients who experienced a stroke related to high blood pressure. Various analytical methods were employed to examine the factors that influenced the patient's quality of life...

BACKGROUND: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions had to swiftly adapt and transition to remote teaching in order to maintain academic activities. However, these changes presented a number of challenges for professors, which could have negative effects on their health. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between changes in dietary and sleep habits, physical activity level, and sedentary behavior with the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Brazilian higher education professors during the pandemic period...

BACKGROUND: System contributors to resident burnout and well-being have been under-studied. We sought to determine factors associated with resident burnout and identify at risk groups. METHODS: We performed a US national survey between July 15 2022 and April 21, 2023 of residents in 36 specialties in 14 institutions, using the validated Mini ReZ survey with three 5 item subscales: 1) supportive workplace, 2) work pace/electronic medical record (EMR) stress, and 3) residency-specific factors (sleep, peer support, recognition by program, interruptions and staff relationships)...

This study aimed to investigate associations between neighborhood perception and sleep problems in older Brazilian adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 5,719 community-dwelling older adults (≥ 60 years) from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil, 2019-2021). The outcomes were self-reported sleep problems: poor sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, primary insomnia complaints, difficulty staying asleep, and waking up at dawn. The exposure variables were questions about the perception of participants about the physical and social environment of the neighborhood...

BACKGROUND: Resident physicians at the standardized training stage had undergone significant physical and mental stress during the release of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions at the end of 2022 in China. This study aimed to investigate the psychological status (including anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms, job burnout, and vicarious trauma) of resident physicians and identify its influencing factors under these special periods. METHODS: Survey was conducted one month after the release of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on resident training physicians from a tertiary first-class hospital in Zhejiang, China...

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a global pandemic that dramatically altered infection control procedures in long-term care facilities. Mental health decline among residents of geriatric facilities during the pandemic has been described (Ferro Uriguen et al., 2022). Our study aims to evaluate psychological effects of the pandemic on residents of a pediatric long-term care facility, a population comprised of medically complex children. To characterize this, we compared patterns of psychotropic medication use during the COVID-19 pandemic to those of the prepandemic period among residents of a 76-bed pediatric long-term care facility...

BACKGROUND: Excessive discounting of future rewards [delay discounting (DD)] may be a transdiagnostic process and treatment target underlying behavioral health outcomes, including trauma, depression, anxiety, and problematic substance use. However, multiple health behaviors and barriers are also related to these outcomes, including social media usage, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), sleep quality, healthcare access, housing status, and exercise. To extend research examining DD as transdiagnostic process, we recruited a large, heterogenous sample to examine the association between DD, problematic substance use, and mental health outcomes while controlling for certain health behaviors and health barriers...

INTRODUCTION: Physical activity (PA) is associated with positive health outcomes such as prevention of chronic diseases, psychological well-being and improved work performance. Medical residents are subjected to sleep deprivation, extended work schedule and high burnout prevalence. These conditions may lead to the neglect of personal health and the restriction of time dedicated to PA. The objective of the present study was to analyze the time dedicated to PA of medical residents, comparing women vs men residents and surgical vs clinical residents...

Background: Frailty is a globally recognized issue. However, there is a lack of evidence exploring factors associated with frailty among older residents in community and nursing-home settings. Methods: To explore the prevalence and factors associated with frailty among older adults in community and nursing-home settings, we conducted a systematic search following the PRISMA guidelines across Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane databases up until January 2024, selecting 38 studies which encompassed 150,642 participants...

The purpose of this study is to understand the factors affecting abdominal obesity. A secondary data analysis was conducted to analyze 5262 individuals' data from the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The prevalence of obesity was slightly higher in men than women, while abdominal obesity was more prevalent in women. A higher correlation with obesity was observed in young and middle-aged individuals, unmarried individuals, urban residents, those with good subjective health, low-stress perception, moderate alcohol consumption, nonsmokers, regular aerobic exercisers, and those getting more than seven hours of sleep...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In-person prerounding has long been a routine practice for residents in the field of neurology. However, with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, many institutions, including our two academic neurology centers, have shifted to computer rounding. This study aims to assess the effects of computer rounding alone compared to a combination of computer rounding and in-person prerounding from the perspective of neurology residents. METHODS: A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a survey administered to 79 neurology residents and a qualitative thematic analysis of their responses...

BACKGROUND: Burnout is a complex phenomenon and a major concern in graduate medical education as it directly impacts trainee well-being. Identifying modifiable lifestyle factors over which trainees have immediate control could support timely, actionable, individual and programme-level interventions to combat it. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this pilot study is to describe modifiable lifestyle factors that may limit the development of burnout in medical residents and fellows...

Because humans spend about one-third of their time asleep in their bedrooms and are themselves emission sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), it is important to specifically characterize the composition of the bedroom air that they experience during sleep. This work uses real-time indoor and outdoor measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to examine concentration enhancements in bedroom air during sleep and to calculate VOC emission rates associated with sleeping occupants. Gaseous VOCs were measured with proton-transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry during a multiweek residential monitoring campaign under normal occupancy conditions...