Tricks of the trade

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While the structure and composition of the scientific manuscript is well known within scientific communities, insider knowledge such as the tricks of the trade and editorial viewpoints of scientific publishing are often less known to early-career research scientists. This article focuses on the key aspects of scientific publishing, including tips for success geared towards senior postdocs and junior faculty. It also highlights important considerations for getting manuscripts published in an efficient and successful manner...

Decompression must be a major composure of surgical procedures for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. In addition to sufficient decompression for guarantee of relieving neurologic pain, compensating surgical instability after wider laminectomy and foraminotomy, and instrumentation with caging and fusion with grafting are performed for securing or restoring foraminal dimension, and correcting coronal/sagittal imbalance for expecting longer survival of adjacent segment. Endoscopic spinal surgery (ESS), full-endoscopic or biportal-, has been developed under a flag of successful decompression with preserving structural integrity as much as possible in helps of magnification and illumination, and gives a technical possibility and feasibility to solve LSS by decompression-alone...

Abhishek Pandey, MS Objectives  The main aim of this study is to present our experience with laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) and share practical solutions to various surgical challenges and the learning curve we realized. Materials and Methods  We retrospectively analyzed our LRN database for relevant demographic, clinical, imaging, operative, and postoperative data, including operative videos. We described various complications, vascular anomalies, intraoperative difficulties, and our improvisations to improve safety and outcomes...

Necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) affects 20 % of the 300,000 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis every year. Mechanical intervention to debride necrotic and/or infected pancreatic and peripancreatic tissue is frequently required. Minimally invasive approaches to treat pancreatic necrosis have gained popularity over the last two decades, including transgastric pancreatic necrosectomy. The purpose of this report is to review the indications, surgical technique, advantages, and limitations of surgical transgastric necrosectomy...

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BACKGROUND: Reoperative parathyroidectomy for recurrent/persistent primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has high rates of failure. The goal of this study was to analyze our experience with imaging and parathyroid vein sampling (PAVS) for recurrent/persistent PHPT. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study (2002-2018) of patients with recurrent/persistent PHPT undergoing reoperative parathyroidectomy. RESULTS: Among 181 patients, the most common imaging study was sestamibi (89...

AIM OF THE STUDY: While hospitals are adopting strategies designed to increase the overall efficiency of the healthcare system, physicians are facing expanding requirements. Such changes in work environment add new psychosocial and physical stressors. Building on a previous quantitative time-motion study, we conducted a qualitative study to better understand the work experience of internal medicine residents. METHODS: The study used a qualitative description approach, and was based on focus group discussions with residents...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Interactions of long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) with micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) play an essential role in gene regulation, cellular metabolic, and pathological processes. Existing purely sequence based computational approaches lack robustness and efficiency mainly due to the high length variability of lncRNA sequences. Hence, the prime focus of the current study is to find optimal length trade-offs between highly flexible length lncRNA sequences...

Image-guided core needle biopsy of musculoskeletal lesions can be challenging due to a variety of technical, patient-related, and lesion-related factors. Poor preprocedural planning can result in low diagnostic yield, misdiagnosis, delay in care, and the need for additional procedures. Furthermore, suboptimal procedural technique may place the patient at an increased risk of iatrogenic complications. Optimizing pre-procedural planning by considering potential complications is important in ensuring a safe and successful procedure...

The proliferation and global expansion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have deepened the need to develop novel antimicrobials. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are regarded as promising antibacterial agents because of their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and multifaceted mechanisms of action with non-specific targets. However, if AMPs are to be applied sustainably, knowledge of how they induce resistance in pathogenic bacteria must be mastered to avoid repeating the traditional antibiotic resistance mistakes currently faced...

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death among humans. Animal models have shown that cholesterol and inflammation are causatively involved in the disease process. Apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins elicit immune reactions and instigate inflammation in the vessel wall. Still, a treatment that is specific to vascular inflammation is lacking, which motivates continued in vivo investigations of the immune-vascular interactions that drive the disease. In this review, we distill old notions with emerging concepts into a contemporary understanding of vascular disease models...

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BACKGROUND: Breast milk feeding has numerous benefits for women and infants. Positive maternal experiences with breast milk feeding impacts exclusivity, duration, and maternal mental health. Most research focuses on women feeding directly at the breast. Some women elect to feed exclusively expressed milk to their healthy, term infants rather than feed directly at the breast. Little is known about what constitutes a positive experience among this population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore women's experiences of exclusive expression (EE)...

As a heterogeneous hydrogel, mucus has evolved into a formidable physiological barrier protecting the human body from external pathogens and toxic molecules. With mucin as its primary solid component, the viscoelasticity of mucus remains dynamic and dependent upon a plethora of factors, including pathological state, food intake, and infection. Current nanomedicine research strives toward developing nanoformulations that can permeate through the mucus barrier and release the encapsulated cargo of drug molecules at the vicinity of epithelial lining or be directly absorbed into the bloodstream...

In recent years, advancements in Internet and cloud technologies have led to a significant increase in electronic trading in which consumers make online purchases and transactions. This growth leads to unauthorized access to users' sensitive information and damages the resources of an enterprise. Phishing is one of the familiar attacks that trick users to access malicious content and gain their information. In terms of website interface and uniform resource locator (URL), most phishing webpages look identical to the actual webpages...

The shuttle effect has been a major obstacle to the development of lithium-sulfur batteries. The discovery of new host materials is essential, but lengthy and complex experimental studies are inefficient for the identification of potential host materials. We proposed a machine learning method for the rapid discovery of an AB2 -type sulfur host material to suppress the shuttle effect using the 2DMatPedia database, discovering 14 new structures (PdN2 , TaS2 , PtN2 , TaSe2 , AgCl2 , NbSe2 , TaTe2 , AgF2 , NiN2 , AuS2 , TmI2 , NbTe2 , NiBi2 , and AuBr2 ) from 1320 AB2 -type compounds...

Recording of the electrical activity from one of the smallest cells of a mammalian organism- a sperm cell- has been a challenging task for electrophysiologists for many decades. The method known as "spermatozoan patch clamp" was introduced in 2006. It has enabled the direct recording of ion channel activity in whole-cell and cell-attached configurations and has been instrumental in describing sperm cell physiology and the molecular identity of various calcium, potassium, sodium, chloride, and proton ion channels...

The excellent generalization ability of deep learning methods, e.g., convolutional neural networks (CNNs), depends on a large amount of training data, which is difficult to obtain in industrial practices. Data augmentation is regarded commonly as an effective strategy to address this problem. In this paper, we attempt to construct a crack detector based on CNN with twenty images via a two-stage data augmentation method. In detail, nine data augmentation methods are compared for crack detection in the model training, respectively...

Technical notes are known to be a popular method of publishing novel surgical techniques, up-to-date technological advances, and tricks of the trade in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS). The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (BJOMS) has a dedicated section for such papers, and this article explores the publication of technical notes over the last two years. In addition, comparison is made with previous reviews of technical notes in this journal a decade ago, to explore the progression of diversity and evolving topics of interest to the oral and maxillofacial surgery community...