Dpcp

Oral mini pulse (OMP) corticosteroids and diphencyclopropenone (DPCP) contact sensitisation are commonly used treatment modalities in severe cases of Alopecia areata (AA) in children but with scarce studies comparing the two modalities in children. In this study we aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of dexamethasone OMP with DPCP contact sensitization in severe non progressive AA in children. This randomized open label study was undertaken in 30 children less than 18 years of age with extensive non progressive AA divided in two groups...

Cathepsin B is a lysosomal protease that participates in protein degradation. However, cathepsin B is also active under neutral pH conditions of the cytosol, nuclei, and extracellular locations. The dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase (DPCP) activity of cathepsin B, assayed with the Abz-GIVR↓AK(Dnp)-OH substrate, has been reported to display an acidic pH optimum. In contrast, the endopeptidase activity, monitored with Z-RR-↓AMC, has a neutral pH optimum. These observations raise the question of whether other substrates can demonstrate cathepsin B DPCP activity at neutral pH and endopeptidase activity at acidic pH...

The wide application of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in consumer products leads to their ubiquitous occurrence. The neurotoxicity of OPFRs has been raised, whereas evidence from the elderly population were rather scarce. Hence, a case-control study was conducted based on the Shenzhen Aging-related Disorder Cohort. A total of 184 cases [Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) < 24] and 795 participants as controls (MMSE ≥24) were recruited. Eight metabolites of OPFRs (m-OPFRs) in urine samples were measured, including bis(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (BBOEP), bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP), bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPP), bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP), dibutyl phosphate (DBP), di-o-cresyl phosphate (DOCP), di-p-cresyl phosphate (DPCP) and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP)...

Background: While treatment options exist for solitary or disseminated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) disease, there are currently no standardized clinical treatment guidelines for cutaneous KS. Objective: This systematic review seeks to identify safe and effective topical treatments for cutaneous KS lesions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review using peer-reviewed articles from January 1970 to September 2021 published in the PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases...

Background and Aims: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease of hair follicles. Treatments currently include topical and intralesional corticosteroids and contact immunotherapy; however, the overall prognosis is usually unfavorable. In severe AA, topical immunotherapy with diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) is preferred. Since its effectiveness is heterogeneous and there are several side effects, we decided to measure the patients' satisfaction using the "Version II of the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication," which investigates satisfaction with effectiveness, side effects, convenience, and global satisfaction...

Treatment of alopecia areata is often challenging, especially for patients with extended disease. Contact immunotherapy with diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) has been reported as an effective topical treatment but the exact immunologic mechanism of diverting the immune response is still unknown. We investigated the efficacy of topical immunotherapy with DPCD in acute, intermediate, and chronic lesions of AA and the response rate was associated with perifollicular infiltrate of T regulatory cells. Approximately two-thirds of our patients (67...

Topical immunotherapy with dyphencyprone (DPCP) is widely used in patients with alopecia areata (AA). It can produce a contact dermatitis that is believed to decrease Th1 response, predominant in AA. It has been shown that imiquimod (IMQ), a topical immunomodulator drug, can produce sensitization to DPCP in patients that do not show signs of contact dermatitis when exposed to DPCP. Nevertheless, there is no evidence as to whether it can improve DPCP efficacy in already sensitized patients. We present a series of 9 patients, (7 females [77%] and 2 males [22%]) with a mean age of 38...

Introduction: Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) is the medication of choice for the treatment of severe alopecia areata (AA) according to AA treatment guidelines. Precise initiation and application are important factors for successful treatment. However, it is difficult for patients who live far away to visit their doctor weekly. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the cost, effectiveness, and side effects of DPCP treatment between office-use DPCP (O-DPCP) and home-use DPCP (H-DPCP) in severe AA patients...

Organophosphate esters (OPE) are flame retardants and plasticizers used in a wide range of consumer products. Despite their widespread use, few studies have characterized pediatric exposures. We assessed variability and predictors of OPE exposures in a cohort panel study of 179 predominantly Black school-aged children in Baltimore City, MD. The study design included up to four seasonal week-long in-home study visits with urine sample collection on days 4 and 7 of each visit (nsamples  = 618). We quantified concentrations of 9 urinary OPE biomarkers: bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEtp), bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), di-benzyl phosphate (DBuP), di-benzyl phosphate, di-o-cresylphosphate, di-p-cresylphosphate (DPCP), di-(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP), 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo benzoic acid...

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic disorder and the best treatment regimen for it is unknown. Currently, one of the best documented treatment modalities for AA is topical immunotherapy. AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel method (multi-concentration patch test) versus standard protocol for topical immunotherapy. METHODS: A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients with Alopecia areata, half of them received DPCP with a novel method using multi-concentration patch test to determine the optimal initiating concentration of DPCP (case group) and the other half experienced immunotherapy according to the standard protocol (control group)...

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy by diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) is generally started with 2% DPCP sensitization, however in recent years studies have questioned the necessity of sensitization that may cause patients severe reactions and troubles at the onset of therapy. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the association between the severity of initial reaction to 2% DPCP sensitization in AA patients and clinical response. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 110 AA patients who continued therapy for at least 6 months were enrolled...

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder. Finding the best treatment regimen for it remains a challenge. Currently, one of the best documented treatment modalities for AA is topical immunotherapy. AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of combined DPCP and anthralin versus standard protocol (DPCP alone). METHODS: A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted on 50 patients with Alopecia areata who received DPCP alone (group D) or in combination with anthralin (group D/A)...

BACKGROUND: Increasing animal studies have indicated that organophosphate esters (OPEs) have endocrine-disruptive potential. However, human epidemiological evidence is limited, especially in susceptible populations, such as pregnant women and neonates. The purpose of this present study was to examine the trimester-specific relationships of prenatal exposure to OPEs with neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). METHOD: A total of 102 mother-newborn pairs were recruited from a birth cohort study between April 2015 and September 2016 in Wuhan, China...

Viral warts are benign proliferations of the epithelium caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Diverse therapeutic options are available for viral warts, depending on extension and severity of the disease. We report a case of a 19-year-old man who presented with multiple viral warts on hands and feet for 5 years. He was treated at other clinics before visiting our hospital, but there was no improvement. We treated the lesions with a combination therapy of systemic acitretin and diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) immunotherapy for 6 months...

Contact immunotherapy with several sensitizing chemicals such as diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) or squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) have been used for the treatment of recalcitrant or multiple warts. Here, we report a case of multiple verrucae vulgaris (VV) on the palm which spontaneously resolved after the development of systemic contact dermatitis against alkyl bromide. We considered that our case accidentally mimics contact immunotherapy against multiple VV. VV sometimes regress spontaneously, which may be triggered by accidental contact dermatitis, as shown in our case...

Topical immunotherapy with diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) is considered to be the most effective treatment of severe AA. However, the mechanism is unclear and an early predictor for the efficacy needs to be explored. The TSLP/OX40L/IL-13 pathway is an important pathway to initiate and maintain Th2 immune responses. Our previous work suggests this pathway may play a role in severe AA treated with DPCP. Thus, to further investigate the mechanism of TSLP/OX40L/IL-13 pathway in severe AA treated with DPCP and explore the predictor for the efficacy of DPCP therapy, we conducted a prospective study to compare expression levels of TSLP, OX40L, Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL13, and Th1 cytokine IFN-γ in severe AA patients before and after the treatment...

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic and inflammatory disease of hair follicles, causing nonscarring alopecia. While the various types of treatment have been investigated, the definite cure for AA has not been established yet. Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical and dermoscopic features of patients with AA to identify the factors with prognostic values in diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) response rate. Methods: Eighty patients with AA were included, and baseline hair loss was calculated based on the severity alopecia tool (SALT) score...

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common cause of non-scarring hair loss. Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) is a form of contact immunotherapy used in the treatment of AA. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all patients who were diagnosed with AA over a 4-year period (1st January 2012 to 31st December 2015) and who have received DPCP. RESULTS: Forty patients were studied in total. The mean duration of disease prior to the study was 195 days...

DNA N6-methyladenine (6 mA) is an epigenetic modification that plays a vital role in a variety of cellular processes in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Accurate information of 6 mA sites in the Rosaceae genome may assist in understanding genomic 6 mA distributions and various biological functions such as epigenetic inheritance. Various studies have shown the possibility of identifying 6 mA sites through experiments, but the procedures are time-consuming and costly. To overcome the drawbacks of experimental methods, we propose an accurate computational paradigm based on a machine learning (ML) technique to identify 6 mA sites in Rosa chinensis (R...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To describe the outcomes of lesional therapy of in-transit melanoma (ITM) with interleukin-2 (IL-2), diphencyprone (DPCP), combination lesional therapy (IL-2, retinoid, and imiquimod; CLT), and imiquimod. METHODS: Data was collected for consecutive patients with ITM receiving lesional therapies from 2008 to 2018 in a retrospective review. Included patients did not have metastatic disease at time of starting on lesional therapy and were not on systemic therapy...