neonatal fluid

INTRODUCTION: During pregnancy, the dynamic metabolic demands for fetal growth require a continuous supply of essential metabolites. Understanding maternal metabolome changes during gestation is crucial for predicting disease risks in neonates. METHODS: The study aimed to characterize the placental and amniotic fluid (AF) metabolomes during gestation in rats at gestational days GD-13 and 19 reflecting the end of the embryonic and fetal periods, respectively, and the maternal plasma, using metabolomics (LC-MS) and chemometrics...

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is a clinical condition characterized by respiratory distress in neonates born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). Despite advances in obstetric practices and perinatal care, MAS remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in term and post-term newborns. Since the 1960s, there have been significant changes in the perinatal and postnatal management of infants born through MSAF. Routine endotracheal suctioning is no longer recommended in both vigorous and non-vigorous neonates with MSAF...

PURPOSE: DSFC (delayed subaponeurotic fluid collection) is a benign pathology associated with the first weeks of life and scarcely described in the literature. Normally characterized by a lack of trauma and/or cranial fracture, it is associated with a history of instrumental delivery and the use of fetal electrodes. Taking it in consideration in the differential diagnosis of neonatal scalp swelling becomes important. The objective of this work is to expand knowledge on this entity: history, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment...

BACKGROUND: Bowel ultrasound is a useful diagnostic tool in the diagnosis and management of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) but can be time-consuming and requires technical expertise, particularly for assessing pneumatosis. Previous literature on sonographic evaluation of NEC has focused on a full bowel ultrasound protocol, but the utility of an abbreviated protocol primarily aimed at identifying high-risk sonographic findings without focused bowel assessment has not been well studied...

BACKGROUND: Neonatal oral cavity masses present complex diagnostic and management challenges, often involving respiratory distress. We present a case of a 1-day-old male neonate with an oral cavity mass and respiratory distress, whose antenatal scan revealed polyhydramnios and a nasopalatine cyst. CASE REPORT: Clinical examination revealed a 5 * 5 cm cystic swelling arising from the right hard palate. CT scans confirmed an intraoral cystic lesion with a complete cleft palate and excluded oropharyngeal/neck extension...

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study was conducted to investigate the application value of metagenomics next generation sequencing (mNGS) technology in the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal infectious meningitis. METHODS: From 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2022, 73 newborns suspected of infectious meningitis were hospitalized. After screening by inclusion and exclusion criteria, 69 newborns were subsequently included in the study, containing 27 cases with positive mNGS result and 42 cases with negative mNGS result...

IMPORTANCE: Perinatal stress and fetal growth restriction increase the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia. The underlying pathomechanism is poorly understood. In a sheep model, elevated catecholamine concentrations were found to suppress intrauterine insulin secretion, followed by hyperresponsive insulin secretion once the adrenergic stimulus subsided. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether neonates with risk factors for hypoglycemia have higher catecholamine concentrations in umbilical cord blood (UCB) and/or amniotic fluid (AF) and whether catecholamines are correlated with postnatal glycemia...

Background: The use of diuretics is extremely common in infants cared for in neonatal wards, despite the lack of proven efficacy for many conditions. The main objective of this study was to assess the rate of diuretics exposure in a multicenter French cohort. The secondary objectives were to describe the evolution of this exposure over time, the indications, the prescription practices, and the exposure rates among centers. Methods: An observational study was conducted in 40 Level 3 French neonatal intensive care units using the same computerized order-entry system...

Umbilical venous catheters are commonly inserted in critically ill newborns and can lead to severe complications when misplaced. We report a preterm female with a prenatal diagnosis of duodenal atresia who presented 2 days after the surgical repair with abdominal distension, hemodynamic instability, elevated liver enzymes with severe cholestatic jaundice, and a hepatic collection on abdominal sonography. An urgent explorative laparotomy demonstrated a large amount of white, milky-appearing fluid in the abdominal cavity...

Preterm birth (PTB) refers to delivery before 37 weeks of gestation. Premature neonates exhibit higher neonatal morbidity and mortality rates than term neonates; therefore, predicting and preventing PTB are important. In this study, we investigated the potential of using short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels, specific vaginal microbiota-derived metabolites, as a biomarker in predicting PTB using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) was collected from 89 pregnant women (29 cases of PTB vs...

INTRODUCTION: Perinatal asphyxia is failure to maintain normal breathing at birth. World Health Organization indicates that perinatal asphyxia is the third major cause of neonatal mortality in developing countries accounting for 23% of neonatal deaths every year. At global and national level efforts have done to reduce neonatal mortality, however fatalities from asphyxia remains high in Ethiopia (24%). And there are no sufficient studies to show incidence and prediction of mortality among asphyxiated neonates...

BACKGROUND: Enterococcal meningitis in children is rare, and its clinical presentation, laboratory characteristics and outcomes are not well defined. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of Enterococcal meningitis cases during 2002-2023 at our tertiary center. RESULTS: We identified 10 cases in children aged 2 weeks to 15 years (median age: 8 months). Seven children were males and 9 had comorbidities, including a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in 5 children...

BACKGROUND: Several observational studies demonstrated that pregnant individuals with COVID-19 had a higher risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth. We aimed to determine whether women with COVID-19 diagnosis had adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in this study was used to evaluate the casual relationships between COVID-19 infection and obstetric-related diseases based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) dataset...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, perinatal viability has shifted from 24 to 22 weeks of gestation at many institutions after improvements in survival in neonates delivered at the limit of viability. Monitoring these fetuses is essential since antenatal interventions with resuscitation efforts are available for patients at risk of delivery at the limit of viability. However, fetal monitoring as biophysical profile has not been extensively studied in very preterm pregnancies, particularly in the periviable period (20 weeks 0 days - 23 weeks 6 days)...

Intrathecal injection is a commonly employed procedure in both pediatric and adult clinics, serving as an effective means to administer medications and treatments. By directly delivering medications and treatments into the cerebrospinal fluid of the central nervous system, this method achieves higher localized drug concentrations while reducing systemic side-effects compared to other routes such as intravenous, subcutaneous, or intramuscular injections. Its importance extends beyond clinical settings, as intrathecal injection plays a vital role in preclinical studies focused on treating neurogenetic disorders in rodents and other large animals, including non-human primates...

BACKGROUND: Contemporary guidance for preoperative feeding allows solids up to six hours and clear fluid up to two hours before anesthesia. Clinical trial evidence to support this approach for cesarean section is lacking. Many medical practitioners continue to follow conservative policies of no intake from midnight to the time of surgery, especially in pregnant women. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pragmatic approach of permitting free access to water to the point when the operating theater call to dispatch the woman compared to fasting from midnight in preoperative oral intake restriction for planned cesarean under spinal anesthesia on perioperative vomiting and maternal satisfaction...

INTRODUCTION: Pregnant women with a fibrinogen level <2 g/L represent a high-risk group that is associated with severe postpartum hemorrhage and other complications. Women who would qualify for fibrinogen therapy are not yet identified. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using the UK Obstetric Surveillance System between November 2017 and October 2018 in any UK hospital with a consultant-led maternity unit. Any woman pregnant or immediately postpartum with a fibrinogen <2 g/L was included...

BACKGROUND: The severity of pulmonary hypoplasia is a main determinant of outcome for babies with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Antenatal administration of extracellular vesicles derived from amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC-EVs) has been shown to rescue morphological features of lung development in the rat nitrofen model of CDH. Herein, we evaluated whether AFSC-EV administration to fetal rats with CDH is associated with neonatal improvement in lung function. METHODS: AFSC-EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized by size, morphology, and canonical marker expression...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the fetal breathing-related nasal fluid flow Doppler waveforms as an indicator of fetal respiratory function in fetuses diagnosed with fetal growth restriction (FGR) in the third trimester. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, non-interventional case-control study was conducted on 96 pregnant women, including 23 pregnant women diagnosed with FGR in the third trimester as the FGR group and 73 healthy pregnant women with fetuses appropriate for gestational age (AGA) as the control group...

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common gastrointestinal complication in premature infants, resulting in high morbidity and mortality, and its early detection is crucial for accurate treatment and outcome prediction. Extensive research has demonstrated a clear correlation between NEC and extremely low birth weight, degree of preterm, formula feeding, infection, hypoxic/ischemic damage, and intestinal dysbiosis. The development of noninvasive biomarkers of NEC from stool, urine, and serum has attracted a great deal of interest because to these clinical connections and the quest for a deeper knowledge of disease pathophysiology...