keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367659/effect-of-statin-use-for-the-primary-prevention-of-cardiovascular-disease-among-older-adults-a-cautionary-tale-concerning-target-trials-emulation
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miceline Mésidor, Caroline Sirois, Jason Robert Guertin, Mireille E Schnitzer, Bernard Candas, Claudia Blais, Benoit Cossette, Paul Poirier, James M Brophy, Lisa Lix, Mina Tadrous, Awa Diop, Denis Hamel, Denis Talbot
OBJECTIVE: Evidence concerning the effect of statins in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among older adults is lacking. Using Quebec population-wide administrative data, we emulated a hypothetical randomized trial including older adults >65 years on April 1st, 2013, with no CVD history and no statin use in the previous year. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We included individuals who initiated statins and classified them as exposed if they were using statin at least three months after initiation and non-exposed otherwise...
February 15, 2024: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38360698/endotaxial-stabilization-of-2d-charge-density-waves-with-long-range-order
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suk Hyun Sung, Nishkarsh Agarwal, Ismail El Baggari, Patrick Kezer, Yin Min Goh, Noah Schnitzer, Jeremy M Shen, Tony Chiang, Yu Liu, Wenjian Lu, Yuping Sun, Lena F Kourkoutis, John T Heron, Kai Sun, Robert Hovden
Charge density waves are emergent quantum states that spontaneously reduce crystal symmetry, drive metal-insulator transitions, and precede superconductivity. In low-dimensions, distinct quantum states arise, however, thermal fluctuations and external disorder destroy long-range order. Here we stabilize ordered two-dimensional (2D) charge density waves through endotaxial synthesis of confined monolayers of 1T-TaS2 . Specifically, an ordered incommensurate charge density wave (oIC-CDW) is realized in 2D with dramatically enhanced amplitude and resistivity...
February 15, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38072756/test-negative-design-for-vaccine-effectiveness-estimation-in-the-context-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-a-systematic-methodology-review
#3
REVIEW
Miceline Mésidor, Yan Liu, Denis Talbot, Danuta M Skowronski, Gaston De Serres, Joanna Merckx, Anita Koushik, Mina Tadrous, Sara Carazo, Cong Jiang, Mireille E Schnitzer
BACKGROUND: During the height of the global COVID-19 pandemic, the test-negative design (TND) was extensively used in many countries to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE). Typically, the TND involves the recruitment of care-seeking individuals who meet a common clinical case definition. All participants are then tested for an infection of interest. OBJECTIVES: To review and describe the variation in TND methodology, and disclosure of potential biases, as applied to the evaluation of COVID-19 VE during the early vaccination phase of the pandemic...
February 15, 2024: Vaccine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37770958/diagnostic-accuracy-of-ssr-pet-ct-compared-to-histopathology-in-the-identification-of-liver-metastases-from-well-differentiated-neuroendocrine-tumors
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M P Fabritius, V Soltani, C C Cyran, J Ricke, P Bartenstein, C J Auernhammer, C Spitzweg, M L Schnitzer, R Ebner, S Mansournia, A Hinterberger, A Lohse, G T Sheikh, M Winkelmann, T Knösel, M Ingenerf, C Schmid-Tannwald, W G Kunz, J Rübenthaler, Freba Grawe
BACKGROUND: Histopathology is the reference standard for diagnosing liver metastases of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Somatostatin receptor-positron emission tomography / computed tomography (SSR-PET/CT) has emerged as a promising non-invasive imaging modality for staging NETs. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of SSR-PET/CT in the identification of liver metastases in patients with proven NETs compared to histopathology. METHODS: Histopathologic reports of 139 resected or biopsied liver lesions of patients with known NET were correlated with matching SSR-PET/CTs and the positive/negative predictive value (PPV/NPV), sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of SSR-PET/CT were evaluated...
September 28, 2023: Cancer Imaging: the Official Publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37679881/maximum-stem-diameter-predicts-liana-population-demography
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefan A Schnitzer, David M DeFilippis, Antonio Aguilar, Boris Bernal, Salomé Peréz, Abelino Valdés, Seberino Valdés, Fidedigna Bernal, Adrián Mendoza, Biancolini Castro, Maria Garcia-Leon
Determining population demographic rates is fundamental to understanding differences in species life-history strategies and their capacity to coexist. Calculating demographic rates, however, is challenging and requires long-term, large-scale censuses. Body size may serve as a simple predictor of demographic rate; can it act as a proxy for demographic rate when those data are unavailable? We tested the hypothesis that maximum body size predicts species' demographic rate using repeated censuses of the 77 most common liana species on the Barro Colorado Island, Panama (BCI) 50-ha plot...
September 7, 2023: Ecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37652258/characterization-of-adverse-joint-outcomes-in-patients-with-osteoarthritis-treated-with-subcutaneous-tanezumab
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John A Carrino, Timothy E McAlindon, Tom J Schnitzer, Ali Guermazi, Marc C Hochberg, Philip G Conaghan, Mark T Brown, Aimee Burr, Robert J Fountaine, Glenn C Pixton, Lars Viktrup, Kenneth M Verburg, Christine West
OBJECTIVE: Due to the risk of rapidly progressive osteoarthritis (RPOA), the phase III studies of subcutaneous (SC) tanezumab in patients with moderate to severe hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA) included comprehensive joint safety surveillance. This pooled analysis summarizes these findings. METHOD: Joint safety events in the phase III studies of SC tanezumab (2 placebo- and 1- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug [NSAID]-controlled) were adjudicated by a blinded external committee...
August 29, 2023: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37640236/proceedings-of-the-third-american-association-of-oral-and-maxillofacial-surgeons-anesthesia-patient-safety-conference
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deepak G Krishnan, Mary A Schnitzer, Edward C Adlesic, Tuan G Bui, Thomas A Trowbridge, Jeffrey D Schultz, Charles Weber, Jimmie L Harper
The 3rd Anesthesia Patient Safety Conference of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons was held at the Daniel M Laskin Institute for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Education and Innovation at American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons headquarters in Rosemont, Illinois on June 6, 2022. The conference provided a platform to scrutinize collective errors, explore optimal practices, comprehend the concepts and principles of human complacency, assessing the system's capacity to handle deviations from the norm, and contemplate ideas and initiatives to enhance our practice model...
August 14, 2023: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37637305/benzene-tetraamide-a-covalent-supramolecular-dual-motif-in-dynamic-covalent-polymer-networks
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huiyi Zhang, Annemiek van Hertrooij, Tobias Schnitzer, Yinjun Chen, Soumabrata Majumdar, Rolf A T M van Benthem, Rint P Sijbesma, Johan P A Heuts
In dynamic polyamide networks, 1,2,4,5-benzene tetraamide (B4A) units act simultaneously as a dynamic covalent cross-linker and as supramolecular stacking motif. This results in materials with a rubbery plateau modulus that is about 20 times higher than that of a corresponding reference network in which the supramolecular interaction is suppressed. In branched polyamides with the same B4A dynamic motif, hydrogen bonding and stacking lead to strong and reversible supramolecular networks, whereas a branched polyamide with the nonstacking reference linker is a viscous liquid under the same conditions...
August 22, 2023: Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37628358/firearm-deaths-among-youth-in-the-united-states-2007-2016
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Theodore E Trigylidas, Patricia G Schnitzer, Heather K Dykstra, Gia M Badolato, Robert McCarter, Monika K Goyal, Richard Lichenstein
We sought to compare risk factors contributing to unintentional, homicide, and suicide firearm deaths in children. We conducted a retrospective review of the National Fatality Review Case Reporting System. We included all firearm deaths among children aged 0-18 years occurring from 2007 to 2016. Descriptive analyses were performed on demographic, psychosocial, and firearm characteristics and their relationship to unintentional, homicide, and suicide deaths. Regression analyses were used to compare factors contributing to unintentional vs...
August 8, 2023: Children
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37543512/integrating-metabolic-expenditure-information-from-wearable-fitness-sensors-into-an-ai-augmented-automated-insulin-delivery-system-a-randomised-clinical-trial
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter G Jacobs, Navid Resalat, Wade Hilts, Gavin M Young, Joseph Leitschuh, Joseph Pinsonault, Joseph El Youssef, Deborah Branigan, Virginia Gabo, Jae Eom, Katrina Ramsey, Robert Dodier, Clara Mosquera-Lopez, Leah M Wilson, Jessica R Castle
BACKGROUND: Exercise can rapidly drop glucose in people with type 1 diabetes. Ubiquitous wearable fitness sensors are not integrated into automated insulin delivery (AID) systems. We hypothesised that an AID can automate insulin adjustments using real-time wearable fitness data to reduce hypoglycaemia during exercise and free-living conditions compared with an AID not automating use of fitness data. METHODS: Our study population comprised of individuals (aged 21-50 years) with type 1 diabetes from from the Harold Schnitzer Diabetes Health Center clinic at Oregon Health and Science University, OR, USA, who were enrolled into a 76 h single-centre, two-arm randomised (4-block randomisation), non-blinded crossover study to use (1) an AID that detects exercise, prompts the user, and shuts off insulin during exercise using an exercise-aware adaptive proportional derivative (exAPD) algorithm or (2) an AID that automates insulin adjustments using fitness data in real-time through an exercise-aware model predictive control (exMPC) algorithm...
August 3, 2023: The Lancet. Digital health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37410867/real-space-imaging-of-periodic-nanotextures-in-thin-films-via-phasing-of-diffraction-data
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziming Shao, Noah Schnitzer, Jacob Ruf, Oleg Yu Gorobtsov, Cheng Dai, Berit H Goodge, Tiannan Yang, Hari Nair, Vlad A Stoica, John W Freeland, Jacob P Ruff, Long-Qing Chen, Darrell G Schlom, Kyle M Shen, Lena F Kourkoutis, Andrej Singer
New properties and exotic quantum phenomena can form due to periodic nanotextures, including Moire patterns, ferroic domains, and topologically protected magnetization and polarization textures. Despite the availability of powerful tools to characterize the atomic crystal structure, the visualization of nanoscale strain-modulated structural motifs remains challenging. Here, we develop nondestructive real-space imaging of periodic lattice distortions in thin epitaxial films and report an emergent periodic nanotexture in a Mott insulator...
July 11, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37318549/fatigue-in-stroke-survivors-a-5-year-follow-up-of-the-fall-study-of-gothenburg
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lior Schnitzer, Per-Olof Hansson, Carina M Samuelsson, Avril Drummond, Carina U Persson
Longer term knowledge of post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is limited. Our aim was to describe the prevalence of, and to identify baseline predictors associated with, PSF 5 years after stroke. We undertook a follow-up of stroke survivors from the 504 consecutively recruited participants in the observational "The Fall Study of Gothenburg", conducted between 2014 and 2016. The dependent variable, PSF, was assessed using the Swedish version of the Fatigue Assessment Scale (S-FAS) and defined as having a S-FAS score ≥ 24...
June 15, 2023: Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37201436/bone-mineral-loss-at-the-distal-femur-and-proximal-tibia-following-spinal-cord-injury-in-men-and-women
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Courtney M Mazur, W Brent Edwards, Ifaz T Haider, Ying Fang, Leslie R Morse, Thomas J Schnitzer, Narina Simonian, Karen L Troy
PURPOSE: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes rapid bone loss and increases risk of fragility fractures in the lower extremities. The majority of individuals with SCI are men, and few studies have investigated sex as a biological variable in SCI-induced osteoporosis. This cross-sectional study aimed to quantify sex-specific differences in bone mineral following SCI. METHODS: Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scans of the distal femur and proximal tibia were obtained at baseline of one of four clinical trials enrolling people who sustained SCI 1 month to 50 years prior to recruitment...
May 5, 2023: Journal of Clinical Densitometry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37059327/evaluation-of-s201086-glpg1972-an-adamts-5-inhibitor-for-the-treatment-of-knee-osteoarthritis-in-roccella-a-phase-2-randomized-clinical-trial
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Schnitzer, M Pueyo, H Deckx, E van der Aar, K Bernard, S Hatch, M van der Stoep, S Grankov, D Phung, O Imbert, D Chimits, K Muller, M C Hochberg, H Bliddal, W Wirth, F Eckstein, P G Conaghan
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the anti-catabolic ADAMTS-5 inhibitor S201086/GLPG1972 for the treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. DESIGN: ROCCELLA (NCT03595618) was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging, phase 2 trial in adults (aged 40-75 years) with knee osteoarthritis. Participants had moderate-to-severe pain in the target knee, Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2 or 3 and Osteoarthritis Research Society International joint space narrowing (grade 1 or 2)...
April 12, 2023: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36951173/lianas-increase-lightning-caused-disturbance-severity-in-a-tropical-forest
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evan M Gora, Stefan A Schnitzer, Phillip M Bitzer, Jeffrey C Burchfield, Cesar Gutierrez, Stephen P Yanoviak
Lightning is an important agent of plant mortality and disturbance in forests. Lightning-caused disturbance is highly variable in terms of its area of effect and disturbance severity (i.e. tree damage and death), but we do not know how this variation is influenced by forest structure and plant composition. We used a novel lightning detection system to quantify how lianas influenced the severity and spatial extent (i.e. area) of lightning disturbance using 78 lightning strikes in central Panama. The local density of lianas (measured as liana basal area) was positively associated with the number of trees killed and damaged by lightning, and patterns of plant damage indicated that this occurred because lianas facilitated more electrical connections from large to small trees...
March 23, 2023: New Phytologist
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36123113/study-protocol-for-a-phase-ii-double-blind-randomised-controlled-trial-of-cannabidiol-cbd-compared-with-placebo-for-reduction-of-brain-neuroinflammation-in-adults-with-chronic-low-back-pain
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chelsea K Pike, Minhae Kim, Kristina Schnitzer, Nathaniel Mercaldo, Robert Edwards, Vitaly Napadow, Yi Zhang, Erin Janas Morrissey, Zeynab Alshelh, A Eden Evins, Marco L Loggia, Jodi M Gilman
INTRODUCTION: Chronic pain is a debilitating medical problem that is difficult to treat. Neuroinflammatory pathways have emerged as a potential therapeutic target, as preclinical studies have demonstrated that glial cells and neuroglial interactions play a role in the establishment and maintenance of pain. Recently, we used positron emission tomography (PET) to demonstrate increased levels of 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) binding, a marker of glial activation, in patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP)...
September 19, 2022: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36062929/how-subtle-changes-can-make-a-difference-reproducibility-in-complex-supramolecular-systems
#17
REVIEW
Tobias Schnitzer, Marco D Preuss, Jule van Basten, Sandra M C Schoenmakers, A J H Spiering, Ghislaine Vantomme, E W Meijer
The desire to construct complex molecular systems is driven by the need for technological (r)evolution and our intrinsic curiosity to comprehend the origin of life. Supramolecular chemists tackle this challenge by combining covalent and noncovalent reactions leading to multicomponent systems with emerging complexity. However, this synthetic strategy often coincides with difficult preparation protocols and a narrow window of suitable conditions. Here, we report on unsuspected observations of our group that highlight the impact of subtle "irregularities" on supramolecular systems...
September 5, 2022: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35962939/clinical-meaningfulness-of-response-to-tanezumab-in-patients-with-chronic-low-back-pain-analysis-from-a-56-week-randomized-placebo-and-tramadol-controlled-phase-3-trial
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John D Markman, Thomas J Schnitzer, Serge Perrot, Said R Beydoun, Seiji Ohtori, Lars Viktrup, Ruoyong Yang, Candace Bramson, Christine R West, Kenneth M Verburg
INTRODUCTION: A recent phase 3, randomized, placebo- and tramadol-controlled trial (56-week treatment/24-week safety follow-up) demonstrated efficacy of tanezumab 10 mg in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and a history of inadequate response to standard-of-care analgesics. Here, we report on the clinical meaningfulness of treatment response in this study, focused on secondary measures of pain, interference with daily functions, overall disease status, and satisfaction with treatment...
August 13, 2022: Pain and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35712287/physical-activity-behavior-during-and-after-covid-19-stay-at-home-orders-a-longitudinal-study-in-the-austrian-german-and-italian-alps
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefanie E Schöttl, Martin Schnitzer, Laura Savoia, Martin Kopp
Background: In Alpine regions, which are very similar due to their topographical location and their wide-ranging sports offerings, the restrictions on sports activities during the COVID-19 pandemic differed in type and level: while in some regions (Tyrol, South Tyrol, Trentino), all sports activities were forbidden except for walking near the home, in other regions (Upper Bavaria, Vorarlberg), people were allowed to go hiking and running during the first lockdown. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the change in physical activity (PA) behavior in different Alpine regions (Upper Bavaria, Vorarlberg, Tyrol, South Tyrol, Trentino) over four periods in 2020, to examine the effects of COVID-19 measures of varying severity on PA behavior and to identify factors associated with a change in PA over time...
2022: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35605259/facilitating-smoking-cessation-in-primary-care-settings
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manjola U Van, Shreedhar Paudel, Chirag M Vyas, Kristina Schnitzer, Caitlin Mulligan, Dhruv D Patel, Theodore A Stern
The Psychiatric Consultation Service at Massachusetts General Hospital sees medical and surgical inpatients with comorbid psychiatric symptoms and conditions. During their twice-weekly rounds, Dr Stern and other members of the Consultation Service discuss diagnosis and management of hospitalized patients with complex medical or surgical problems who also demonstrate psychiatric symptoms or conditions. These discussions have given rise to rounds reports that will prove useful for clinicians practicing at the interface of medicine and psychiatry...
May 17, 2022: Primary Care Companion to CNS Disorders
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