Solitary pulmonary nodule

The benign and malignant status of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) is a key determinant of treatment decisions. The main objective of this study was to validate the efficacy of machine learning (ML) models featured with dual-layer detector spectral computed tomography (DLCT) parameters in identifying the benign and malignant status of SPNs. 250 patients with pathologically confirmed SPN were included in this study. 8 quantitative and 16 derived parameters were obtained based on the regions of interest of the lesions on the patients' DLCT chest enhancement images...

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary enteric adenocarcinoma (PEAC) is an extremely rare variant of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by pathological features similar to those of colorectal adenocarcinoma. It is mostly observed on computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT as solitary or multiple nodules/masses in the lung. It tends to grow rapidly and is difficult to distinguish from lung metastatic colorectal cancer. Herein, we have presented a case of PEAC with special imaging findings...

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are exceptionally rare neoplasms with intermediate malignant potential. Surgery is the accepted treatment option, aiming for complete resection with clear margins. CASE SUMMARY: A 39-year-old woman presented with a growing solitary pulmonary nodule measuring 2.0 cm in the right upper lobe (RUL) of the lung. The patient under-went a RUL anterior segmentectomy using uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopy. A preliminary tissue diagnosis indicated malignancy; however, it was later revised to an IMTs...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) commonly presents as bilateral reticulonodular and cystic lung changes on chest imaging. Isolated lung nodule presentation is rare. Case Presentation . Our patient was an elderly male and an active smoker, who was referred to the pulmonology clinic for an incidental 19 mm lung nodule seen on a chest CT scan. A CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy was performed to rule out malignancy. The biopsy sample showed marked inflammatory infiltrate with abundant eosinophils and epithelioid histiocyte-like cells suggestive of Langerhans cell histiocytosis...

A 64-year-old woman underwent right hemicolectomy for transverse colon cancer. Histopathological findings revealed T, type 2, 24×22 mm, tub2, pT2N1a(1/23)M0, and pStage Ⅲa. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was not administered at the patient's request. One year after surgery, carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)level was elevated, and Gd-EOB-DTPA- enhanced MRI revealed a nodule in segment 2 and 4/8 of the liver. Based on the diagnosis of hepatic metastasis, laparoscopic partial hepatectomy was performed...

BACKGROUND: Classifying and characterizing pulmonary lesions are critical for clinical decision-making process to identify optimal therapeutic strategies. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for distinguishing between benign and malignant pulmonary lesions based on robust features derived from diffusion images. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, we prospectively collected 30 patients with pulmonary nodule/mass who underwent twice EPI-DWI scans...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to develop a combined model based on radiomics and computed tomography (CT) imaging features for use in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant subcentimeter (≤ 10 mm) solid pulmonary nodules (SSPNs). METHODS: A total of 324 patients with SSPNs were analyzed retrospectively between May 2016 and June 2022. Malignant nodules (n = 158) were confirmed by pathology, and benign nodules (n = 166) were confirmed by follow-up or pathology...

BACKGROUND: The accurate assessment of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is crucial for the staging, treatment, and prognosis of lung cancer. In this study, we explored the potential value of dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (SDCT) quantitative parameters in the prediction of LNM in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: In total, 91 patients presenting with solid solitary pulmonary nodules (8 mm < diameter ≤30 mm) with pathologically confirmed NSCLC (57 without LNM, and 34 with LNM) were enrolled in the study...

Toxocariasis is an uncommon cause of multiple cavitary lung lesions and an ill-defined liver lesion. We herein report a patient with lung and liver toxocariasis, which mimicked metastatic lesions of colon cancer on 18 F-FDG PET-CT and chest and abdominal CT performed for cancer staging after diagnosis of colon cancer. The patient was diagnosed with lung and liver toxocariasis by a positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lung toxocariasis may occur as multiple cavitary lung lesions, and liver toxocariasis may appear as a solitary ill-defined nodule, which may be misdiagnosed as metastatic tumors...

A solitary peripheral lung nodule was found in the left lung of a 52-year-old man. It was located in the lower lobe and measured 18.5 cm of major axis on chest computed tomography. A tru-cut core biopsy was obtained and a proliferation of bland, monomorphic, spindle cells in interlacing fascicles was observed. Accordingly, a surgical resection of the neoplasm was subsequently carried out. Macroscopically, the tumor appeared as a well-circumscribed nodule with a firm and whitish cut surface. Histologically, the neoplasm was predominantly composed of bland and monomorphic spindle cells, with a predominantly fascicular growth pattern, in which many tubular and cleft-like spaces of entrapped normal respiratory epithelium were involved...

Here, we report on the added value of principal component analysis applied to a dataset of texture features derived from 39 solitary pulmonary lung nodule (SPN) lesions for the purpose of differentiating benign from malignant lesions, as compared to the use of SUVmax alone. Texture features were derived using the LIFEx software. The eight best-performing first-, second-, and higher-order features for separating benign from malignant nodules, in addition to SUVmax (MaximumGreyLevelSUVbwIBSI184IY), were included for PCA...

UNLABELLED: In minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery, for solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) far from the pleura, it is difficult to resected by only relying on imaging data, and effective preoperative localization can significantly improve the success rate of surgery. Therefore, preoperative localization is particularly important for accurate resection. Here, we compare the value of a novel Lung-pro-guided localization technique with Hook-wire localization in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery...

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules based on personal experience has several limitations. Therefore, this study aims to establish a nomogram for the diagnosis of benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules using clinical information and computed tomography (CT) results. METHODS: Retrospectively, we collected clinical and CT characteristics of 1,160 patients with pulmonary nodules in Guang'an People's Hospital and the hospital affiliated with North Sichuan Medical College between 2019 and 2021...

BACKGROUND: Due to the extreme rarity of pulmonary extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL), studies on this lymphoma type are limited. We aimed to investigate the clinical presentations, computed tomography (CT) findings, CT dynamic changes, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with pulmonary ENKTCL. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on ENKTCL, nasal type, at West China Hospital, from January 2010 to January 2023. Out of 27 initial cases with pulmonary ENKTCL, we excluded 4 due to the lack of chest CT images, resulting in a final cohort of 23 patients...

BACKGROUND: Radiomics models could help assess the benign and malignant invasiveness and prognosis of pulmonary nodules. However, the lack of interpretability limits application of these models. We thus aimed to construct and validate an interpretable and generalized computed tomography (CT) radiomics model to evaluate the pathological invasiveness in patients with a solitary pulmonary nodule in order to improve the management of these patients. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 248 patients with CT-diagnosed solitary pulmonary nodules...

AIM: To develop a clinical-radiological model to predict the malignancy of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) and to evaluate the accuracy of chest computed tomography imaging characteristics of SPN in diagnosing pathological type. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The predictive model was developed using a retrospective cohort of 601 SPN patients (Group A) between July 2015 and July 2020. The established model was tested using a second retrospective cohort of 124 patients between August 2020 and August 2021 (Group B)...

BACKGROUND: Preoperative percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided localization of pulmonary nodules plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and treatment of early-stage lung cancer. However, conventional manual localization techniques have inherent limitations in achieving a high degree of accuracy. Consequently, a novel robotic-assisted navigation system was developed to attain precise localization of small lung nodules. This study aims to investigate the accuracy and safety of this system in clinical applications...

BACKGROUND: Schwannomas are solitary well-circumscribed encapsulated benign tumors that exhibit Schwann cell differentiation, and arise directly from myelinated peripheral or central nerves. Although they are usually asymptomatic and found incidentally, schwannomas can cause symptoms due to compression of nearby structures which, depending on the location, can make clinical presentations widely variable. Despite their rarity, schwannomas have been documented in a number of locations including the limbs, cerebellopontine angle, posterior mediastinum, and, far more infrequently, the lungs...

Schwannomas are benign slow-growing tumors arising from the embryonic neural crest cells of the nerve sheaths of peripheral and cranial nerves, and they are a rare type of soft tissue mass that is usually always solitary. Generally, it grows in the head, neck, and flexor portions of the limbs, where many nerves are located. Schwannomas of the lung are extremely rare. Fewer than ten cases of schwannomas in this organ region have been reported in the existing literature. In this case report, a 40-year-old male non-smoker was hospitalized with occasional chest pain...

INTRODUCTION: Sclerotherapy is a widely used as a lifesaving therapeutic option in cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB) due to ruptured gastro-esophageal varices (GOV) in cirrhotic patients, especially when there exists a portosystemic shunt. This endoscopic technique can entail many complications, including systemic and non-thrombotic pulmonary embolism (PE). While multiple pulmonary parenchymal manifestations have been described following sclerotherapy of GOV, to our knowledge no solitary suspicious pulmonary nodule has been described...