failure heart

Fibroelastoma is a rare cardiac tumor that can cause embolization, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiac arrest. Here, we report the case of a 45-year-old male who presented with right-sided weakness and fever. He was diagnosed with acute right frontal infarction and was found to have Streptococcus sanguinis bacteremia. Upon confirmation of a positive blood culture after 24 hours, treatment for endocarditis was initiated. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed findings highly suggestive of a papillary fibroelastoma (PFE)...

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by endothelial dysfunction and pathological vascular remodelling, resulting in the occlusion of pulmonary arteries and arterioles, right ventricular hypertrophy, and eventually fatal heart failure. Targeting the apelin receptor with the novel, G protein-biased peptide agonist, MM07, is hypothesised to reverse the developed symptoms of elevated right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy. Here, the effects of MM07 were compared with the clinical standard-of-care endothelin receptor antagonist macitentan...

BACKGROUND: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a prevalent and highly challenging cardiovascular disease associated with high mortality rates. The occurrence and progression of CHF are closely linked to left ventricular remodeling (LVR) and inflammation. Addressing LVR and reducing inflammation can significantly slow down the progression of CHF and improve patient prognosis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Xinmailong injection (XMLI) on LVR and inflammatory mediators in CHF patients...

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, which is clinically identified with irregular and rapid heartbeat rhythm. AF puts a patient at risk of forming blood clots, which can eventually lead to heart failure, stroke, or even sudden death. Electrocardiography (ECG), which involves acquiring bioelectrical signals from the body surface to reflect heart activity, is a standard procedure for detecting AF. However, the occurrence of AF is often intermittent, costing a significant amount of time and effort from medical doctors to identify AF episodes...

Heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) is a rare progressive condition that includes patients with an identified genetic cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). HPAH and idiopathic PAH (IPAH) have an estimated combined incidence of 0.5-0.9 cases per million children-years. Several pathogenic variants have been associated with HPAH in children and adults, including genes BMPR2 , TBX4 , and  ACVRL1 , and more rarely with variants in genes such as SOX17 . HPAH is often difficult to manage and has poor prognosis despite advances in medical therapy with many patients progressing to lung transplantation, right heart failure and death...

Embryological misalignment between the aorta and pulmonary trunk gives rise to the congenital anomaly of the heart known as transposition of the great arteries (TGA). TGA is a type of parallel circulation, where the heart pumps oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the pulmonary trunk. The deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle is circulated into the body as it pumps blood into the aorta. This type of parallel circulation is not compatible with life unless there is communication between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood...

BACKGROUND: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common type of congenital heart abnormality with perimembranous VSD (pmVSD) accounting for ∼70% of all VSD. Nowadays, transcatheter closure is the first choice for suitable pmVSD. However, there was no report about closing the large oval-shaped VSD percutaneously. CASE SUMMARY: A 34-year-old male with known VSD was referred for transcatheter closure after failed attempts in other hospital. Patient had been diagnosed with VSD at a young age, but he was lost to follow-up...

The assessment of LVDD is routinely included in echocardiographic evaluation because it correlates with cardiac disease progression and its prognostic value. Classic parameters used for assessing LV diastolic function correlate well with invasive measurements which remains the gold standard. Nevertheless, no one echocardiographic parameter alone can completely evaluate LVDD. LV diastolic function evaluation in atrial fibrillation is still challenging, since the E/A ratio, one of the most used parameters in echocardiographic evaluation, cannot be feasible...

Beta blockers are one of the commonest prescription drugs in medicine and they have been thought to revolutionize the treatment of heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in the last century. In addition to HFrEF, they are prescribed for a variety of diseases in cardiology from hypertension to HF, angina, and stable coronary artery disease (CAD). The increased prescription of beta blockers in conditions like HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and stable CAD may be doing more harm than good as per the data we have so far...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) (e.g. pioglitazone and rosiglitazone), known insulin sensitiser agents for type II diabetes mellitus, exhibit controversial effects on cardiac tissue. Despite consensus on their association with increased heart failure risk, limiting TZD use in diabetes management, the underlying mechanisms remain uncharacterised. Herein, we report a comprehensive in vitro investigation utilising a novel toxicoproteomics pipeline coupled with cytotoxicity assays in human adult cardiomyocytes to elucidate mechanistic insights into TZD cardiotoxicity...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Accumulating evidence shows that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) reduce adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, whether SGLT2i, compared with other antidiabetic drugs, reduce the new development of atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear. In this study, we compared SGLT2i with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) in terms of reduction in the risk of AF in individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We included 42,786 propensity score-matched pairs of SGLT2i and DPP-4i users without previous AF diagnosis using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database between May 1, 2016, and December 31, 2018...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: It is essential to find reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of acute heart failure (AHF) for its mitigation. Currently, increasing attention is paid to the role of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) as diagnostic or prognostic markers for cardiovascular diseases. Since plasma miR-106a-5p has been observed to be downregulated in AHF, its value in the diagnosis and prognostic assessment of AHF deserves further exploration. Accordingly, this study analyzed the diagnostic and prognostic value of plasma miR-106a-5p in AHF patients...

BACKGROUND: The coexistence of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) usually exhibits poor prognosis. However, there are few contemporary data available on the burden of cardiac arrhythmias in AMI patients and their impact on in-hospital outcomes. METHODS: The present study analyzed data from the China Acute Myocardial Infarction (CAMI) registry involving 23,825 consecutive AMI patients admitted to 108 hospitals from January 2013 to February 2018...

AIMS: The safety and effectiveness of the MitraClip device to treat functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) has been tested in previous clinical trials yielding somewhat heterogeneous results in heart failure (HF) patients. Over time, the MitraClip device system has been modified and clinical practice evolved to consider also less severely diseased HF patients with FMR for this therapeutic option. The RESHAPE-HF2 trial aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of the MitraClip device system on top of medical therapy considered optimal in the treatment of clinically significant FMR in symptomatic patients with chronic HF...

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of premature death. The death of cardiomyocytes (CMs) and the dysfunction of the remaining viable CMs are the main pathological factors contributing to heart failure (HF) following MI. This study aims to determine the transcriptional profile of CMs and investigate the heterogeneity among CMs under hypoxic conditions. Single-cell atlases of the heart in both the sham and MI groups were developed using single-cell data (GSE214611) downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database ( https://www...

Myocardial infarction (MI) causes cell death, disrupts electrical activity, triggers arrhythmia, and results in heart failure, whereby 50-60% of MI-associated deaths manifest as sudden cardiac deaths (SCD). The most effective therapy for SCD prevention is implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). However, ICDs contribute to adverse remodeling and disease progression and do not prevent arrhythmia. We developed an injectable collagen-PEDOT:PSS hydrogel that protects infarcted hearts against ventricular tachycardia (VT) and can be combined with hiPSC-cardiomyocytes to promote partial cardiac remuscularization...

BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of evidence on impact of a delay in Cardiac Sarcoidosis (CS) diagnosis after high-grade atrioventricular-block (AVB) and this study aims to fill this void. METHODS: Consecutive CS patients (n = 77) with high grade AVB referred to one specialist hospital in London between February 2007 to February 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. The median time from AVB to diagnosing CS (112 days) was used to define the Early (n = 38) and Late (n = 39) cohorts...

BACKGROUND: Thirst is a frequent and burdening symptom in many patients, especially in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and/or receiving hemodialysis (HD). As drug therapies are not feasible, non-pharmacological strategies are needed to reduce thirst and thirst-related burden. OBJECTIVES: To identify non-pharmacological interventions aiming to reduce thirst in patients with CHF and/ or HD, to describe intervention components, and to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions...