Ho-Jeong Kim, Tien Thuy Phan, Keunhyung Lee, Jeong Sook Kim, Sang-Yeong Lee, Jung Moo Lee, Jongrok Do, Doyun Lee, Sung-Phil Kim, Kyu Pil Lee, Jinhyoung Park, C Justin Lee, Joo Min Park
Achieving long-lasting neuronal modulation with low-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound is challenging. Here, we devised theta burst ultrasound stimulation (TBUS) with gamma bursts for brain entrainment and modulation of neuronal plasticity in the mouse motor cortex. We demonstrate that two types of TBUS, intermittent and continuous TBUS, induce bidirectional long-term potentiation or depression-like plasticity, respectively, as evidenced by changes in motor-evoked potentials. These effects depended on molecular pathways associated with long-term plasticity, including N -methyl-d-aspartate receptor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B activation, as well as de novo protein synthesis...
February 23, 2024: Science Advances