keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508783/are-we-ready-for-life-in-the-fast-lane-a-critical-review-of-preoperative-hypofractionated-radiotherapy-for-localized-soft-tissue-sarcoma
#21
REVIEW
B Ashleigh Guadagnolo, Elizabeth H Baldini
This critical review aims to summarize the relevant published data regarding hypofractionation regimens for preoperative radiation therapy (RT) prior to surgery for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the extremity or superficial trunk. We identified peer-reviewed publications using a PubMed search on the MeSH headings of "soft tissue sarcoma" AND "hypofractionated radiation therapy." To obtain complication data on similar anatomical radiotherapeutic scenarios we also searched "hypofractionated radiation therapy" AND "melanoma" as well as "hypofractionated radiation therapy" AND "breast cancer...
April 2024: Seminars in Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508782/unraveling-the-myth-of-radiation-resistance-in-soft-tissue-sarcomas
#22
REVIEW
L M Wiltink, A B Miah, A N Scholten, R L Haas
There is a misconception that sarcomas are resistant to radiotherapy. This manuscript summarizes available (pre-) clinical data on the radiosensitivity of soft tissue sarcomas. Currently, clinical practice guidelines suggest irradiating sarcomas in 1.8-2 Gy once daily fractions. Careful observation of myxoid liposarcomas patients during preoperative radiotherapy led to the discovery of this subtype's remarkable radiosensitivity. It resulted subsequently in an international prospective clinical trial demonstrating the safety of a reduced total dose, yet still delivered with conventional 1...
April 2024: Seminars in Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508781/progress-in-retroperitoneal-sarcoma-management-surgical-and-radiotherapy-approaches
#23
REVIEW
Hiba Othman, Joel Shapiro, Peter Chung, Rebecca A Gladdy
Surgical resection is the cornerstone of curative treatment for retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS), aiming for complete excision, yet the complexity of RPS with its proximity to vital structures continues to lead to high local recurrence rates after surgery alone. Thus, the role of radiotherapy (RT) continues to be refined to improve local control, which remains an important goal to prevent RPS recurrence. The recently completed global randomized trial to evaluate the role of surgery with and without preoperative RT - STRASS1, did not demonstrate a significant overall benefit for neoadjuvant RT based on the pre-specified definition of abdominal recurrence-free survival, however, sensitivity analysis using a standard definition of local recurrence and analysis of outcomes by compliance to the RT protocol suggests histology-specific benefit in well- and some de-differentiated liposarcomas...
April 2024: Seminars in Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508780/extremity-and-truncal-soft-tissue-sarcoma-risk-assessment-and-multidisciplinary-management
#24
REVIEW
Alessandra Borghi, Alessandro Gronchi
Extremity and truncal soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of rare cancers that arise from mesenchymal tissues. Hence, the adoption of tailored risk assessment and prognostication tools plays a crucial role in optimizing the decision-making for which of the many possible treatment strategies to select. Management of these tumors requires a multidisciplinary strategy, which has seen significant development in recent decades. Surgery has emerged as the primary treatment approach, with the main goal of achieving microscopic negative tumor margins...
April 2024: Seminars in Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508779/the-role-of-radiotherapy-in-the-contemporary-management-of-patients-with-sarcoma-opportunities-to-improve-patient-outcomes
#25
EDITORIAL
David G Kirsch
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 2024: Seminars in Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508467/molecular-changes-in-breast-cancer-induced-by-radiation-therapy
#26
REVIEW
Kim Sheva, Sangita Roy Chowdhury, Nataly Kravchenko-Balasha, Amichay Meirovitz
PURPOSE: Breast cancer treatments are based on prognostic clinicopathological features that form the basis for therapeutic guidelines. While the utilization of these guidelines has decreased breast cancer-associated mortality rates over the past three decades, they are not adequate for individualized therapy. Radiation therapy (RT) is the backbone of breast cancer treatment. Although a highly successful therapeutic modality clinically, from a biological perspective, preclinical studies have shown RT to have the potential to alter tumor cell phenotype, immunogenicity and the surrounding microenvironment, potentially changing the behavior of cancer cells and resulting in a significant variation in RT response...
March 18, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508466/recent-trends-of-manels-and-gender-representation-among-panelists-at-north-american-annual-radiation-oncology-meetings
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Burgess, Anushka Ghosh, Beow Y Yeap, Nabeel Rasheed, Siri Ragala, Anita Nwiloh, Henning Willers, Anthony Zietman, Neha Vapiwala, Sophia C Kamran
PURPOSE: Achieving gender equity in radiation oncology is an important goal as a smaller proportion of women enter radiation oncology residency compared to those graduating medical school. As invited speaking opportunities at academic medical conferences are vital for promotion/tenure, we investigated the prevalence of all-men panels ("manels") at ASTRO and CARO Annual Meetings. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Using ASTRO and CARO online meeting programs, 2018-2021 faculty information was obtained, including gender, panel role (chair vs...
March 18, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508451/radiation-oncology-ransomware-attack-response-risk-analysis-using-fmea
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yevgeniy Vinogradskiy, Leah Schubert, Amy Taylor, Shari Rudoler, James Lamb PhD
INTRODUCTION: There have been numerous significant ransomware attacks impacting Radiation Oncology in the last 5 years. Research into ransomware attack response in Radiation Oncology has consisted of case reports and descriptive articles and has lacked quantitative studies. The purpose of this work was to identify the significant safety risks to patients being treated with radiotherapy during a ransomware attack scenario, using Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). METHODS: A multi-institutional and multi-disciplinary team conducted a FMEA by developing process maps and using Risk Priority Number (RPN) scores to quantify the increased likelihood of incidents in a ransomware attack scenario...
March 18, 2024: Practical Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506931/gender-inequality-in-genitourinary-malignancies-clinical-trials-leadership
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdulrahman Alhajahjeh, Ahmed A Abdulelah, Majedah Hmeidan, Diala Kakish, Razan Sukerji, Leen Qtaishat, Bashir Awamlh, Ryan W Dobbs, Sana Al Sukhun, Pilar Laguna, Mohammed Shahait
BACKGROUND: Over the past 2 decades, there has been a growing interest in the significance of gender roles in healthcare and several efforts and initiatives have focused on increasing female representation in the medical field. Clinical trials play a very important role in shaping medical practice; moreover, the leaders of clinical trials often represent the upper echelon of researchers in any designated field. Presently, there is no data regarding women's representation in urological oncology clinical trials leadership...
March 20, 2024: World Journal of Urology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501155/primary-thoracic-aorta-angiosarcoma-presenting-with-thromboembolism-and-progressive-claudication-despite-anticoagulation
#30
Jane McKenzie, Sarat Chander, Catherine Mitchell, Jeremy Lewin
Primary aortic angiosarcomas (PAA) are rare angiosarcomas, frequently diagnosed in advanced stages due to initial misdiagnosis. This case describes a 66-year-old woman, initially presenting with a distal thoracic aorta thrombus and symptomatic bilateral popliteal emboli. Despite initial management and therapeutic anticoagulation, she experienced progressive lower limb claudication and 12 months following initial presentation she re-presented with an obstructing distal thoracic aorta mass and metastatic disease...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500668/management-of-glioblastoma-in-elderly-patients-a-review-of-the-literature
#31
REVIEW
Nektarios K Mazarakis, Stephen D Robinson, Priyank Sinha, Christos Koutsarnakis, Spyridon Komaitis, George Stranjalis, Susan C Short, Paul Chumas, Georgios Giamas
High grade gliomas are the most common primary aggressive brain tumours with a very poor prognosis and a median survival of less than 2 years. The standard management protocol of newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients involves surgery followed by radiotherapy, chemotherapy in the form of temozolomide and further adjuvant temozolomide. The recent advances in molecular profiling of high-grade gliomas have further enhanced our understanding of the disease. Although the management of glioblastoma is standardised in newly diagnosed adult patients there is a lot of debate regarding the best treatment approach for the newly diagnosed elderly glioblastoma patients...
May 2024: Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500667/influence-of-intestinal-microbial-metabolites-on-the-abscopal-effect-after-radiation-therapy-combined-with-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah Felchle, Julia Gissibl, Laura Lansink Rotgerink, Sophie M Nefzger, Caroline N Walther, Vincent R Timnik, Stephanie E Combs, Julius C Fischer
BACKGROUND: Most clinical studies failed to elicit a strong antitumor immune response and subsequent systemic tumor regression after radiation therapy (RT), even in combination with the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) anti-CTLA4 or anti-PD1. Mechanistically, type I interferon (IFN-I) activation is essential for the development of such abscopal effects (AE); however, mechanisms driving or limiting IFN-I activation are ill defined. Groundbreaking discoveries have shown that antibiotics (ABx) can affect oncological outcomes and that microbiota-derived metabolites can modulate systemic antitumor immunity...
May 2024: Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500454/utility-of-30-day-mortality-as-a-quality-metric-for-palliative-radiation-treatment-a-population-based-analysis-from-queensland-australia
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tracey L Guan, Justin H Kutzko, Dominic P Lunn, Nathan Am Dunn, Bryan H Burmeister, Parvati Dadwal, Nancy Tran, Tanya R Holt
INTRODUCTION: Palliative radiotherapy (PRT) is frequently used to treat symptoms of advanced cancer, however benefits are questionable when life expectancy is limited. The 30-day mortality rate after PRT is a potential quality indicator, and results from a recent meta-analysis suggest a benchmark of 16% as an upper limit. In this population-based study from Queensland, Australia, we examined 30-day mortality rates following PRT and factors associated with decreased life expectancy. METHODS: Retrospective population data from Queensland Oncology Repository was used...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499254/an-analysis-of-pet-maximum-suv-among-head-and-neck-cancer-patients-receiving-photon-and-proton-radiation
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irini Youssef, Nader Mohamed, Daniel Kallini, Kaveh Zakeri, Haibo Lin, Dong Han, Hang Qi, Anton Nosov, Nadeem Riaz, Linda Chen, Yao Yu, Lara Ann Dunn, Eric J Sherman, Rick Wray, Heiko Schöder, Nancy Y Lee
INTRO: One main advantage of proton therapy versus photon therapy is its precise radiation delivery to targets without exit dose, resulting in lower dose to surrounding healthy tissues. This is critical given the proximity of head and neck tumors to normal structures. However, proton planning requires careful consideration of factors including air-tissue interface, anatomical uncertainties, surgical artifacts, weight fluctuations, rapid tumor response, and daily variations in setup and anatomy, as these heterogeneities can lead to inaccuracies in targeting and creating unwarranted hotspots to a greater extent than photon radiation...
March 16, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499253/simultaneous-focal-boost-with-stereotactic-radiotherapy-for-localised-intermediate-to-high-risk-prostate-cancer-primary-outcomes-of-the-sparc-phase-ii-trial
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Binnaz Yasar, Yae-Eun Suh, Ewan Chapman, Luke Nicholls, Daniel Henderson, Caroline Jones, Kirsty Morrison, Emma Wells, Julia Henderson, Carole Meehan, Aslam Sohaib, Helen Taylor, Alison Tree, Nicholas Van As
PURPOSE: Dose escalated radiotherapy is associated with better biochemical control at the expense of toxicity. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with dose escalation to the dominant intraprostatic lesion (DIL) provides a logical approach to improve outcomes in high-risk disease whilst limiting toxicity. This study evaluated the toxicity and quality of life (QOL) with CyberKnife-based SBRT and simultaneous integrated boost in localised prostate cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Eligible participants included newly diagnosed, biopsy-proven unfavourable intermediate to high risk localised prostate cancer (at least one of the following: Gleason ≥ 4+3, MRI defined T3a N0, PSA ≥ 20) with up to two MRI-identified DILs...
March 16, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495830/the-impact-of-an-advanced-practice-radiation-therapist-contouring-for-a-cbct-based-adaptive-radiotherapy-program
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robbie Beckert, Joshua P Schiff, Eric Morris, Pamela Samson, Hyun Kim, Eric Laugeman
We successfully implemented an APRT specializing in CBCT-guided online adaptive contouring. These data show statistical improvements in contouring time with APRT-led vs non-APRT led ART contouring, suggesting that an APRT specifically trained to manage the ART process may reduce physician workload and patient treatment time.
June 2024: Technical innovations & patient support in radiation oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495648/personalizing-dental-screening-and-prevention-protocols-in-dentulous-patients-with-oropharyngeal-cancer-undergoing-radiotherapy-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Denzel Chin, Hetty Mast, Gerda M Verduijn, Michelle Möring, Steven F Petit, Frederik R Rozema, Eppo B Wolvius, Brend P Jonker, Wilma D Heemsbergen
OBJECTIVES: Patients with head and neck cancer are routinely screened for dental foci prior to radiotherapy (RT) to prevent post- RT tooth extractions associated with an increased risk of osteoradionecrosis. We evaluated the risk factors for post-RT tooth extraction to personalise dental screening and prevention protocols prior to RT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included dentulous patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer who had undergone radiation therapy at doses 60-70 Gy and achieved a disease-free survival of ≥ 1 year (N = 174)...
May 2024: Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495038/artificial-intelligence-based-organ-delineation-for-radiation-treatment-planning-of-prostate-cancer-on-computed-tomography
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eirini Polymeri, Åse A Johnsson, Olof Enqvist, Johannes Ulén, Niclas Pettersson, Fredrik Nordström, Jon Kindblom, Elin Trägårdh, Lars Edenbrandt, Henrik Kjölhede
PURPOSE: Meticulous manual delineations of the prostate and the surrounding organs at risk are necessary for prostate cancer radiation therapy to avoid side effects to the latter. This process is time consuming and hampered by inter- and intraobserver variability, all of which could be alleviated by artificial intelligence (AI). This study aimed to evaluate the performance of AI compared with manual organ delineations on computed tomography (CT) scans for radiation treatment planning...
March 2024: Advances in Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495037/interplay-of-oncoplastic-reconstruction-and-adjuvant-radiation-therapy-in-breast-cancer
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan T Morse, Matthew Moreno, James A Butterworth, Melissa P Mitchell
PURPOSE: Oncoplastic breast surgery (OBS) combines breast cancer tumor removal with the cosmetic benefits of plastic surgery at the time of breast-conserving surgery. Potential advantages of OBS include wider surgical margins around the tumor bed, while the natural shape and appearance of the breast are maintained more than standard lumpectomy procedures. However, limited information is available regarding the potential effect on adjuvant radiation treatment planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Women with localized breast cancer undergoing lumpectomy with immediate OBS and adjuvant radiation therapy between 2014 and 2019 were reviewed...
March 2024: Advances in Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495036/novel-postoperative-hypofractionated-accelerated-radiation-dose-painting-approach-for-soft-tissue-sarcoma
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew Mills, Justin Miller, Casey Liveringhouse, John M Bryant, Yuki Kawahara, Vladimir Feygelman, Kujtim Latifi, George Yang, Peter A Johnstone, Arash O Naghavi
PURPOSE: Hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) offers benefits in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas (STS), including exploitation of the lower α/β, patient convenience, and cost. This study evaluates the acute toxicity of a hypofractionated accelerated RT dose-painting (HARD) approach for postoperative treatment of STS. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This is a retrospective review of 53 consecutive patients with STS who underwent resection followed by postoperative RT...
March 2024: Advances in Radiation Oncology
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