MSVT

It is critical that we develop more efficient performance validity tests (PVTs). A shorter version of the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) that utilizes errors on the first 10 items (TOMMe10) has shown promise as a freestanding PVT. Retrospective review included 397 consecutive veterans administered TOMM trial 1 (TOMM1), the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT), and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R). TOMMe10 accuracy and administration time were used to predict performance on freestanding PVTs (TOMM1, MSVT)...

AIMS: In neuropsychological evaluations, it is often difficult to ascertain whether poor performance on measures of validity is due to poor effort or malingering, or whether there is genuine cognitive impairment. Dunham and Denney created an algorithm to assess this question using the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT). We assessed the ability of their algorithm to detect poor validity versus probable impairment, and concordance of failure on the MSVT with other freestanding tests of performance validity...

Performance validity tests (PVT) should be used when assessing youth with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). The goal of this study was to derive a new cutscore for determining invalid performance on the Memory Validity Profile (MVP) in youth with MTBI. Children and adolescents ( N  = 92; mean age =14.8 years, SD  = 2.3, range =8-18) on average six months ( SD  = 3.6) post-MTBI were administered the MVP as part of their assessment. Two validated PVTs [Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) and Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT)] were administered and used to group the sample into valid ( n  = 73, neither TOMM/MSVT failed) and invalid ( n  = 19, both TOMM/MSVT failed)...

Objective: Interpretation of neuropsychological test data is only valid when appropriate effort has been exerted. Research, however, suggests that neuropsychologists do not always formally test for effort and that this may especially be the case in the context of dementia assessment. This review systematically examined the literature that has investigated the use of both purpose-built and embedded effort-sensitive indices in dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy control samples...

Given the high rates of exaggeration in those claiming long-term cognitive deficits as a result of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), the aim of this study was to evaluate the rates of malingering in those seeking disability through the Veterans Benefits Administration and estimate the financial burden of disability payments for those receiving compensation despite exaggerated mTBI-related cognitive deficits. Retrospective review included 74 veterans seen for Compensation and Pension evaluations for mTBI. Rates of malingering were based on failure of the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) and/or the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) trial 1 ≤ 40...

Objective: This study examined performance on the Medical Symptom Validity test (MSVT) during acute rehabilitation for moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) stratified by Orientation Log (O-Log) scores. Method: Participants were 77 prospectively enrolled persons who sustained moderate-severe TBI and were acutely hospitalized secondary to the cognitive, medical and physical sequelae of their TBI. Participants were administered neuropsychological metrics, the O-Log and the MSVT a mean of 44 days post injury...

Objective: This study tested whether patients who were given a handout based on deterrence theory, immediately prior to evaluation, would provide invalid data less frequently than patients who were simply given an informational handout. Method: All outpatients seen for clinical evaluation in a VA Neuropsychology Clinic were randomly given one of the two handouts immediately prior to evaluation. The "Intervention" handout emphasized the importance of trying one's hardest, explicitly listed consequences of valid and invalid responding and asked patients to sign and initial it...

The symptoms of ADHD are highly subjective, and there is ample empirical evidence that demonstrates the ease with which impairments in attention can be feigned on many commonly used subjective and objective measures of attention. We examined the combination of two assessment measures, NV-MSVT and IVA+, to screen for performance validity and ADHD symptoms in college students. Results indicated that the NV-MSVT was effective in differentiating between students with potential high impairment, such as ADHD, and possible malingerers...

OBJECTIVES: The Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) offers a profile analysis for performance validity, but individuals performing with suboptimal performance validity are frequently misidentified by current profile rules. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a new profile analysis for the MSVT. METHOD: This study utilized 2 phases to investigate current profile analyses and construct a new analysis. Phase I compared graduate students and adult volunteers asked to simulate dementia to individuals with dementia in long-term care facilities...

OBJECTIVE: The current investigation sought to define the relationship between established performance validity tests and measures of memory via a factor analytic strategy first published by Heyanka, Thaler, Linck, Pastorek, Miller, Romesser, & Sim (2015). A Factor analytic approach to the validation of the Word Memory Test and Test of Memory Malingering as measures of effort and not memory. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 30, 369-376. METHOD: The full range of Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) and Non-Verbal Medical Symptom Validity Test (NV-MSVT) subtests were factor analyzed with the memory scales of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) in a sample of 346 service members with a history of concussion...

OBJECTIVE: This investigation was designed to examine the classification statistics of Memory Complaints Inventory (MCI) scores relative to the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) and the Non-Verbal Medical Symptom Validity Test (NV-MSVT), as well as various validity scales on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form(MMPI-2-RF). METHOD: The sample consisted of 339 active duty service members with a history of concussion who completed performance validity tests (PVTs), symptom validity tests (SVTs), and the MCI...

The purpose of the current study was to compare three potential profiles of the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT; Pass, Genuine Memory Impairment Profile [GMIP], and Fail) on other freestanding and embedded performance validity tests (PVTs). Notably, a quantitatively computed version of the GMIP was utilized in this investigation. Data obtained from veterans referred for a neuropsychological evaluation in a metropolitan Veteran Affairs medical center were included (N = 494). Individuals age 65 and older were not included to exclude individuals with dementia from this investigation...

BACKGROUND: Preseason baseline testing using computerized neurocognitive tests (CNTs) is increasingly performed on athletes. Adequate effort is critical to establish valid estimates of ability, but many users do not evaluate performance validity, and the conditions that affect validity are not well understood across the available CNTs. PURPOSE: To examine the rates and predictors of invalid baseline performance for 3 popular CNTs: Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM), Axon Sports, and Immediate Post-Concussion and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT)...

Performance validity tests (PVTs) are not widely used beyond medico-legal contexts in the UK. A UK survey suggests clinicians have reservations about their accuracy in clinical settings. This study sought to explore the validity of PVTs in an acute adult neuropsychology setting and to establish a potential "false positive" (FP) base rate. Failures on the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) in a consecutive clinical series of 405 patients were evaluated systematically and allocated to groups depending on clinical context...

Inadequate effort during neuropsychological examination results in inaccurate representations of an individual's true abilities and difficulties. As such, performance validity tests (PVTs) are strongly recommended as standard practice during adult-based evaluations. One concern with using PVTs with children is that failure reflects immature cognitive ability rather than non-credible effort. The current study examined performance on the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) in two large pediatric clinical samples with strikingly different neuropsychological profiles: (1) mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI; n = 510) and (2) fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD; n = 120)...

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the psychiatric and neuropsychological profiles of people with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). METHODS: Twenty-people who had been diagnosed with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES), but not epilepsy, were recruited into this study. A healthy control group was also recruited and was matched for age and gender. All participants underwent structured psychiatric assessment and psychometric assessment. Neuropsychological assessment was carried out using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Battery (CANTAB) after participants passed the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) of effort...

Previous studies of performance on the Word Memory Test (WMT; Green, 2003 ; Green & Astner, 1995 ) in adults with very low intelligence have provided conflicting evidence. Most studies suggest that a Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ) less than 70 cannot explain failure on the WMT, but Shandera et al. ( 2010 ) suggest that many adults with mental retardation (MR) cannot pass the WMT. If so, we would expect adults with such low intelligence to fail the WMT at a high rate, even if they were motivated to perform well. In the current study, parents with an FSIQ of 70 or less, who were seeking custody of their children, rarely failed the WMT or the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT; Green, 2004 )...

If we wish to conclude that failure on a performance validity test (PVT) is a false positive for poor effort, we must have evidence that the person is truly incapable of passing the test because of cognitive impairment. We must show that they have a diagnostic condition that is sufficient to account fully for failure on that test. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the performance of children with a primary diagnosis of intellectual disability (ID) on the Word Memory Test (WMT), the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT), and the Nonverbal Medical Symptom Validity Test (Green, 2003 , 2004 , 2008b ; Green & Astner, 1995 )...

Validity measures derived from the Test of Memory Malingering Trial 1 (TOMM1) and errors across the first 10 items of TOMM1 (TOMMe10) may be further enhanced by combining these scores with "embedded" behavioral responses while patients complete these measures. In a sample of nondemented veterans (n = 151), five possible behavioral responses observed during completion of the first 10 items of the TOMM were combined with TOMM1 and TOMMe10 to assess any increased sensitivity in predicting Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) performance...

Since the early 2000s concern has increased that college students might feign ADHD in pursuit of academic accommodations and stimulant medication. In response, several studies have validated tests for use in differentiating feigned from genuine ADHD. Although results have generally been positive, relatively few publications have addressed the possible impact of the presence of psychological disorders comorbid with ADHD. Because ADHD is thought to have accompanying conditions at rates of 50% and higher, it is important to determine if the additional psychological disorders might compromise the accuracy of feigning detection measures...